The Lake Nipissing transgression in the Saginaw Bay region, Michigan

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1851-1854 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Monaghan ◽  
W. A. Lovis ◽  
L. Fay
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Saginaw Bay ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Archeological Site ◽  
Nipissing Phase

Lake Nipissing phase deposits occur between two cultural zones in exposures at the Weber I archeological site along the Cass River in Saginaw County, Michigan. Radiocarbon dates from the lower cultural zone suggest that the Lake Nipissing transgression did not reach an altitude of 180.7 m before about 4600–5000 BP, whereas dates from the upper cultural zone indicate that the lake level was lowered to the 181.3 m Lake Algoma level before about 3000 BP.

A Reevaluation of the Timing and Causes of High Lake Phases in the Lake Michigan Basin

1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardith K. Hansel ◽  
David M. Mickelson
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Michigan Basin ◽  
Present Level ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
Holocene Transgression ◽  
Differential Uplift ◽  
Relative Differences ◽  
Nipissing Phase

Radiocarbon age control on the type Glenwood, Calumet, and Toleston shoreline features and on the abandoned Chicago outlet at the south end of the Lake Michigan basin provides a basis for reevaluating the timing and causes of high lake phases in the basin. Radiocarbon dates suggest that Glenwood-level (195 m) shoreline features formed between 14,100 and 12,700 yr B.P. (Glenwood I and II phases), Calumet-level (189 m) between 12,700 and 11,000 yr B.P. (Calumet I and II phases), and Toleston-level (184.5 m) between 5000 and 4000 yr B.P. (Nipissing phase), and that the Chicago outlet was cut to its present level (180 m) on bedrock while the lake was at the Glenwood level. This new chronology is inconsistent with J H. Bretz' hypothesis ((1951) American Journal of Science 249 , 401–429) that the progressive lowering of lake level resulted from episodic down-cutting of the outlet. Instead, the changes in lake level appear to relate to changes in the amount of glacial meltwater and precipitation entering the basin. We hypothesize that the Glenwood phases correspond with times when discharge from the Huron and Erie basins also entered the Lake Michigan basin (Lake Border and early Port Huron glacial phases), the Calumet phases with times when drainage was from the Lake Michigan basin alone (late Port Huron and Two Rivers glacial phases), and the Nipissing phase with the postglacial middle Holocene transgression caused by differential uplift in the basin. Estimates of relative net inputs to the basin during the Glenwood, Calumet, and Nipissing lake phases are consistent with estimates of relative outputs (i.e., discharge through the Chicago outlet); the magnitude of relative differences in inputs and outputs between phases is sufficient to explain lake-level changes of 4.5 to 6 m.

scholarly journals Late Holocene landscape change history related to the Alpine Fault determined from drowned forests in Lake Poerua, Westland, New Zealand

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2051-2064 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Langridge ◽  
R. Basili ◽  
L. Basher ◽  
A. P. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Living Tree ◽  
Alpine Fault ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lowland Forests

Abstract. Lake Poerua is a small, shallow lake that abuts the scarp of the Alpine Fault on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island. Radiocarbon dates from drowned podocarp trees on the lake floor, a sediment core from a rangefront alluvial fan, and living tree ring ages have been used to deduce the late Holocene history of the lake. Remnant drowned stumps of kahikatea (Dacrycarpus dacrydioides) at 1.7–1.9 m water depth yield a preferred time-of-death age at 1766–1807 AD, while a dryland podocarp and kahikatea stumps at 2.4–2.6 m yield preferred time-of-death ages of ca. 1459–1626 AD. These age ranges are matched to, but offset from, the timings of Alpine Fault rupture events at ca. 1717 AD, and either ca. 1615 or 1430 AD. Alluvial fan detritus dated from a core into the toe of a rangefront alluvial fan, at an equivalent depth to the maximum depth of the modern lake (6.7 m), yields a calibrated age of AD 1223–1413. This age is similar to the timing of an earlier Alpine Fault rupture event at ca. 1230 AD ± 50 yr. Kahikatea trees growing on rangefront fans give ages of up to 270 yr, which is consistent with alluvial fan aggradation following the 1717 AD earthquake. The elevation levels of the lake and fan imply a causal and chronological link between lake-level rise and Alpine Fault rupture. The results of this study suggest that the growth of large, coalescing alluvial fans (Dry and Evans Creek fans) originating from landslides within the rangefront of the Alpine Fault and the rise in the level of Lake Poerua may occur within a decade or so of large Alpine Fault earthquakes that rupture adjacent to this area. These rises have in turn drowned lowland forests that fringed the lake. Radiocarbon chronologies built using OxCal show that a series of massive landscape changes beginning with fault rupture, followed by landsliding, fan sedimentation and lake expansion. However, drowned Kahikatea trees may be poor candidates for intimately dating these events, as they may be able to tolerate water for several decades after metre-scale lake level rises have occurred.

AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Lake Michigan Beach-Ridge and Dune Development

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lichter
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Beach Ridge ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Beach Ridges ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Climate Fluctuations ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology

Strandplains of shore-parallel beach ridges bordering the Great Lakes are valuable for reconstructing histories of climate-related lake-level fluctuations. However, imprecise radiocarbon dates of ridge formation have frustrated development of dependable chronologies from which information about variation in the frequency of ridge formation and inferred climate fluctuations can be obtained. The resolution and precision of radiocarbon chronologies can be improved with AMS 14C dates of roots and rhizomes of plant species associated with the formation and growth of the sand-dune caps of breach ridges. These dates reliably estimate the timing of shore progradation when the base of the previously established beach ridge becomes inundated by the water table. An AMS radiocarbon chronology of beach-ridge formation in northern Lake Michigan shows that information about variation in the frequency of ridge formation is important for paleoclimatic interpretation.

Recent uplift of Manitoulin Island, Ontario

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 665-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. M. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Lake Huron ◽  
Level Gauge ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The Past ◽  
Organic Sediment ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Beach Sediments

Differential postglacial uplifting in the Huron basin has long been recognized from the observed deformation of raised shorelines, particularly those associated with the Algonquin series of glacial lakes (12 000–10 500 years B.P.) and the postglacial Nipissing Great Lakes. From Nipissing time, about 5500 years B.P., to the present, lake levels apparently fell in the northern Huron – Georgian Bay region as the basin upwarped and the outlet was downcut.Recent emergence of Manitoulin Island in northern Lake Huron was inferred, independently of raised shoreline data, from sediment sequences in a series of 3 beach sites and 8 small lake basins at various altitudes up to 20 m above Lake Huron. Organic sediment (gyttja) in each lake overlies clastic inorganic sand or silt, with the contact horizon demarcating the isolation of each basin as its threshold emerged from the high-energy littoral environment of Lake Huron. Radiocarbon dates and elevations of the basal gyttja sediments and organic beach sediments suggest uplift at a constant rate of 2.2 mm/year over the past 5000 years. This rate refers to Little Current, Ontario, and is for movement relative to the outlet area of Huron basin at Sarnia, Ontario. The value agrees with basin tilting inferred from lake level gauge observations made during the last 100 years.

Mid Holocene lake level and shoreline behavior during the Nipissing phase of the upper Great Lakes at Alpena, Michigan, USA

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd A. Thompson ◽  
Kenneth Lepper ◽  
Anthony L. Endres ◽  
John W. Johnston ◽  
Steve J. Baedke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Upper Great Lakes ◽  
Nipissing Phase

scholarly journals Preliminary Analysis of Middle Holocene Lake-Level Change of Ancestral Lake Michigan, Wentworth Woods, Cook County, Illinois

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Alan Thompson ◽  
Erin Argyilan ◽  
Henry Loope ◽  
John Johnston ◽  
Kenneth Lepper
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Cook County ◽  
Upper Great Lakes ◽  
Lake Level Change ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Level Elevation ◽  
Forest Preserve ◽  
Nipissing Phase

Study of past lake-level change and isostasy in the upper Great Lakes has demonstrated the need to reconstruct relative lake-level history at each outlet during the Nipissing phase of ancestral Lakes Huron, Michigan, and Superior. Although elevation and age data exist for the Port Huron/Sarnia and Sault outlets of Lake Huron and Lake Superior, respectively, no paleohydrograph has been created for southern Lake Michigan near the Chicago outlet. The Wentworth Woods area of the Cook County Forest Preserve, Illinois, contains more than 30 beach ridges that formed during the rise and fall from the peak elevation of the Nipissing phase. These relict shorelines were vibracored to recover basal foreshore sediments that can be used as a proxy for lake-level elevation at the time of individual shoreline formation. In addition, sand samples from soil pits and vibracores were collected for optically stimulated luminescence age determinations. This report addresses the sedimentological data used to determine the elevation of the conjoined upper Great Lakes (Lake Nipissing) when each beach ridge formed. The age data will be presented in future reports.

scholarly journals The late Holocene record of Lake Mareotis, Nile Delta, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104
Author(s):  
Clément Flaux ◽  
Matthieu Giaime ◽  
Valérie Pichot ◽  
Nick Marriner ◽  
Mena el-Assal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Isotopic Signature ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Lake Level Changes ◽  
Lake Maryut

Abstract. Lake Maryut (northwestern Nile Delta, Egypt) was a key feature of Alexandria's hinterland and economy during Greco-Roman times. Its shores accommodated major economic centers, and the lake acted as a gateway between the Nile valley and the Mediterranean. It is suggested that lake-level changes, connections with the Nile and the sea, and possible high-energy events considerably shaped the human occupation history of the Maryut. To reconstruct Lake Maryut hydrology in historical times, we used faunal remains, geochemistry (Sr isotopic signature of ostracods) and geoarcheological indicators of relative lake-level changes. The data show both a rise in Nile inputs to the basin during the first millennia BCE and CE and a lake-level rise of ca. 1.5 m during the Roman period. A high-energy deposit, inferred from reworked radiocarbon dates, may explain an enigmatic sedimentary hiatus previously attested to in Maryut's chronostratigraphy.

LAKE-LEVEL ELEVATION IN THE CHICAGO OUTLET DURING THE NIPISSING PHASE OF ANCESTRAL LAKE MICHIGAN: WENTWORTH WOODS STRANDPLAIN, ILLINOIS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd A. Thompson ◽  
◽  
Erin P. Argyilan ◽  
Henry M. Loope ◽  
Kenneth Lepper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Level Elevation ◽  
Nipissing Phase

Radiocarbon Reservoir Effect and the Timing of the Late-Glacial/Early Holocene Humid Phase in the Atacama Desert (Northern Chile)

1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mebus A. Geyh ◽  
Martin Grosjean ◽  
Lautaro Núñez ◽  
Ulrich Schotterer
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Vegetation Changes ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
History Of

We revise substantially the regional chronology of lake-level fluctuations from the late-glacial/early Holocene humid phase along a high altitude transect (3500 to 4500 m) between 18°S and 28°S in the Southwestern Altiplano of Northern Chile. Radiocarbon dates and 210Pb profiles for limnic and terrestrial materials allow us to estimate and justify reservoir correction values for conventional 14C dates. Our chronology suggests that the latest Pleistocene/early Holocene humid phase started between 13,000 and 12,000 14C yr B.P., and that maximum lake levels were reached between 10,800 and 9200 14C yr B.P. This is significantly younger than what has been established so far for the Titicaca–Uyuni Basin in Bolivia. The paleolakes disappeared sometime between 8400 and 8000 14C yr B.P. Our revised chronology agrees with the regional history of human occupation, and is broadly synchronous with vegetation changes in subtropical continental South America, and with the onset of wetland expansion in the northern hemisphere tropics.

scholarly journals Holocene palaeohydrological changes in the northern Mediterranean borderlands as reflected by the lake-level record of lake ledro, northeastern Italy

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Magny ◽  
Sébastien Joannin ◽  
Didier Galop ◽  
Boris Vannière ◽  
Jean Nicolas Haas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The North ◽  
Northeastern Italy ◽  
Insolation Maximum ◽  
Summer Rain ◽  
North Atlantic Area ◽  
Atlantic Area

A lake-level record of Lake Ledro (northern Italy) spans the entire Holocene with a chronology derived from 51 radiocarbon dates. It is based on a specific sedimentological approach that combines data from five sediment profiles sampled in distinct locations in the littoral zone. On a millennial scale, the lake-level record shows two successive periods from 11,700 to 4500 cal yr BP and from 4500 cal yr BP to the present, characterized by lower and higher average lake levels, respectively. In addition to key seasonal and inter-hemispherical changes in insolation, the major hydrological change around 4500 cal yr BP may be related to a non-linear response of the climate system to orbitally-driven gradual decrease in insolation. The Ledro record questions the notion of an accentuated summer rain regime in the northern Mediterranean borderlands during the boreal insolation maximum. Moreover, the Ledro record highlights that the Holocene was punctuated by successive centennial-scale highstands. Correlations with the Preboreal oscillation and the 8.2 ka event, and comparison with the atmospheric 14C residual record, suggest that short-lived lake-level fluctuations developed at Ledro in response to (1) final steps of the deglaciation in the North Atlantic area and (2) variations in solar activity.

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