Reproductive Behavior of Hybrid Charr (Salvelinus fontinalis × S. namaycush)

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred H. Berst ◽  
Alan R. Emery ◽  
George R. Spangler
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Courtship Behavior ◽  
Lake Algonquin ◽  
Acoustic Signaling ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
Nest Digging ◽  
Males And Females

Observations of the reproductive behavior of splake (Salvelinus fontinalis × S. namaycush) planted in Jack Lake, Algonquin Park, Ont., indicated that they spawned on rocky shoals from late October to early November. In mid-October, splake approached the spawning locations. By late October females had selected redd sites and dominant males were aggressively defending the sites that had been cleared by the females, against other males. Redd digging was variable in duration and frequency. Depth of water over redds varied between 0.5 and 4 m. No attempts were made to cover the eggs, most of which settled into the crevices between rocks. Males and females used acoustic signals during both aggression and courtship. The male initiated courtship by maintaining his head over the female's tail, then crisscrossing over the tail. Parallel positioning of the two sexes was a prerequisite to release of sex products. Visual and sonic cues appeared to be used in sequencing behavior. Circling functioned as a neutral action to which any other courting behavior could revert. Nest digging ceased after completion of egg deposition. A swim-in-place behavior of the female was a positive indicator of egg deposition. Egg predation by adult splake was observed, but it appeared to offer no serious threat to natural reproduction. Laboratory observations of splake reproductive behavior in aquaria did not indicate any behavioral obstacles to successful natural reproduction. Courtship behavior and egg deposition in the artificial spawning beds was followed by normal development and emergence of fry.Key words: splake, reproductive behavior, Ontario, visual and acoustic signaling

Genetic and environmental correlates of variation in body weight of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moira M. Ferguson ◽  
Arunas P. Liskauskas ◽  
Roy G. Danzmann
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Environmental Correlates ◽  
Hatching Time ◽  
First Feeding ◽  
Lake Algonquin ◽  
Nested Designs ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Provincial Park

Families of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were produced from adults collected from Mykiss Lake, Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario, and reared in the laboratory for 1 year. Egg size and hatching time explained a significant amount of variation among families in mean weight of hatched embryos. Heavier embryos were produced from larger eggs, and embryos with earlier hatching times were also larger. First-feeding alevins reared at higher densities were smaller than those at lower densities. Multilocus enzyme heterozygosity was neither a significant predictor of mean family body weight at any age nor significantly associated with body weight of juveniles within families. Analyzing each enzyme locus separately revealed significant effects for G3PDH-1 in two families but in different directions. Fish from two mitochondrial DNA phylogenetic assemblages, A and B, differed significantly in weight as hatched embryos and first-feeding alevins. Similarly, the progeny of different males and females differed significantly in body weight at all ages sampled. Thus, parental effects were the most persistent correlates of body size of all those examined. The statistical analyses and the nested designs suggest that variation in body weight among the progeny of specific parents can partially be attributed to genetic effects.

Reproductive behavior

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Olzer ◽  
Rebecca L. Ehrlich ◽  
Justa L. Heinen-Kay ◽  
Jessie Tanner ◽  
Marlene Zuk
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Female Choice ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Mating Systems ◽  
Insect Behavior ◽  
Sequential Approach ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Males And Females

Sex and reproduction lie at the heart of studies of insect behavior. We begin by providing a brief overview of insect anatomy and physiology, followed by an introduction to the overarching themes of parental investment, sexual selection, and mating systems. We then take a sequential approach to illustrate the diversity of phenomena and concepts behind insect reproductive behavior from pre-copulatory mate signalling through copulatory sperm transfer, mating positions, and sexual conflict, to post-copulatory sperm competition, and cryptic female choice. We provide an overview of the evolutionary mechanisms driving reproductive behavior. These events are linked by the economic defendability of mates or resources, and how these are allocated in each sex. Under the framework of economic defendability, the reader can better understand how sexual antagonistic behaviors arise as the result of competing optimal fitness strategies between males and females.

Survival, Growth, Reproduction, and Diet of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) Stocked into Lakes after Liming to Mitigate Acidity

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven P. Gloss ◽  
Carl L. Schofield ◽  
Robert L. Spateholts ◽  
Barbara A. Plonski
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Mountain Lakes ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Population Loss ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
Woods Lake ◽  
Adirondack Mountain

Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were stocked into two previously acidic (pH 4.5–5.2) Adirondack Mountain lakes, Woods Lake and Cranberry Pond, following liming in June, 1985. Age 0+ Temiscamie × Domestic hybrid brook trout were stocked at 200∙ha−1 with one-half of the fish selected for presumed acid tolerance. Age 1+ Temiscamie strain brook trout were also stocked at 50∙ha−1. Liming increased pH to well above 7 and alkalinity to over 200 μeq∙L−1. Growth and condition of stocked fish were good while water quality conditions remained suitable. However, in Cranberry Pond, which reacidified 6 mo after liming, both growth and survival declined dramatically. Much of the population loss was due to emigration. Annual survival in Woods Lake averaged 35 and 25% for the age 0+ and 1+ fish, respectively. Initially large invertebrates made up most of the diet for stocked fish. These taxa were replaced by zooplankton within a few months. Limited natural reproduction was associated with low velocity groundwater inflows and high acidity in tributary streams. Fry emergence from artificial spawning substrates placed in Woods Lake peaked well after snowmelt inflows which produced toxic conditions in littoral areas.

The reproductive cycle of the newt Triturus italicus

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio M. Guarino ◽  
Vincenzo Caputo ◽  
Francesco Angelini
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Mountain Population

AbstractThis paper describes the reproductive cycle in male and female newts Triturus italicus (Peracca, 1898) from a mountain population living in southern Italy. The male shows a well-defined seasonal testicular cycle: spermatogenesis almost stops from November to March, resuming in April-May; the maturative stage of spermatogenesis occurs in summer and spermiohistogenesis is completed by late October. Spermiation starts in late autumn and culminates in the next spring. The female shows a seasonal ovarian cycle. Vitellogenesis starts in September; ovulation and egg deposition occur between late January and early June. Thus potentially long reproductive activity is demonstrated in both males and females of T italicus. Testicular and ovarian weights seem to be reliable indices of the reproductive status of an animal. Annual variation in gonadal weight appears unrelated to annual variation in fat body weight in both sexes.

Comparative Ecology and Behavior of Domestic, Hybrid, and Wild Strains of Brook Trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, after Stocking

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 2285-2292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Lachance ◽  
Pierre Magnan
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Niche Shift ◽  
Feeding Niche ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Sexually Mature

Two years after planting in six small oligotrophic lakes, domestic, hybrid and wild strains of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, used space and food resources in the same way as native trout. Although trout living with or without white sucker, Catostomus commersoni, were similarly spatially distributed, they had different diets, suggesting a feeding niche shift of trout in the presence of sucker; we concluded that this shift is under phenotypic control because each planted strain came from similar genetic backgrounds. Sexual maturity was related to the size of individuals, regardless of the strain, and males matured before females. Almost all males and females were sexually mature in the first fall after stocking except wild females (3.0 and 75% matured during the first and second fall, respectively). Gonadosomatic indices (GSI) of domestic and hybrid females were similar during the first fall, but the GSI of domestic females was significantly higher than that of hybrid and wild strains in the second fail. Mean egg diameters were similar among the three strains during the two falls, but fecundity of domestic females, after correction for size differences, was significantly higher than that of hybrid females which, in turn, was significantly higher than that of wild ones.

The mate-guarding behaviour of male kokanee oncorhynchus nerka

Behaviour ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Morbey
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Mate Guarding ◽  
Precopulatory Mate Guarding ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Random Pairing ◽  
Optimal Duration ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Game Context

AbstractThe patterns of mate-guarding in kokanee (non-anadromous Oncorhynchus nerka) are analysed and discussed in relation to existing theory of precopulatory mate-guarding. Male salmon typically guard females prior to spawning events and aggressively exclude other males from their vicinity. Mate-guarding is thought to increase the likelihood of releasing gametes before other males (during a spawning event) and fertilising the greatest proportion of the clutch. The optimal duration of mate-guarding can be considered in a game context because the mate-guarding behaviour of other males influences the probability of finding an unguarded female if a male leaves a female in search of other opportunities. At the Meadow Creek spawning channel, males guarded females, searched for unguarded females, or joined groups of non-breeding males and females. In accordance with mate-guarding theory, males continued to guard the same females after presumed spawning events (but during her egg deposition period) more often than expected on the basis of random pairing. This prevented some males from ever pairing with females. Gaining familiarity with habitat features may confer a competitive advantage to mate-guarding males and may favour prolonged mate-guarding. Because of the importance of finding nesting females quickly, before other males, unpaired males may wait for pairing opportunities rather than occupy distant satellite positions to breeding pairs.

scholarly journals Light dependent courtship behavior in Drosophila simulans and D. melanogaster

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9499
Author(s):  
Michael P. Shahandeh ◽  
Cameryn Brock ◽  
Thomas L. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Courtship Behavior ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Drosophila Simulans ◽  
Behavioral Variation ◽  
Wide Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Courtship Signals ◽  
Behavioral Assays

Differences in courtship signals and perception are well-known among Drosophila species. One such described difference is the dependency on light, and thus presumably vision, for copulation success. Many studies have described a difference in light-dependent copulation success between D. melanogaster and D. simulans, identifying D. simulans as a light-dependent species, and D. melanogaster as a light-independent one. However, many of these studies use assays of varying design and few strains to represent the entire species. Here, we attempt to better characterize this purported difference using 11 strains of each species, paired by collection location, in behavioral assays conducted at two different exposure times. We show that, while there is a species-wide difference in magnitude of light-dependent copulation success, D. melanogaster copulation success is, on average, still impaired in the dark at both exposure times we measured. Additionally, there is significant variation in strain-specific ability to copulate in the dark in both species across two different exposure times. We find that this variation correlates strongly with longitude in D. melanogaster, but not in D. simulans. We hypothesize that differences in species history and demography may explain behavioral variation. Finally, we use courtship assays to show that light-dependent copulation success in one D. simulans strain is driven in part by both males and females. We discuss potential differences in courtship signals and/or signal importance between these species and potential for further comparative studies for functional characterization.

scholarly journals Reproductive behavior of Leptodactylus mystacinus (Anura, Leptodactylidae) with notes on courtship call of other Leptodactylus species

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlio C. de Oliveira Filho ◽  
Ariovaldo A. Giaretta
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Courtship Behavior ◽  
Male Behavior ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Field Works

Here we present data on the reproductive behavior of Leptodactylus mystacinus (Burmeister, 1861), including details on courtship behavior. We also describe and compared the courtship calls of L. mystacinus, L. furnarius Sazima & Bokermann, 1978 and Leptodactylus sp. (L. aff. andreae). Field works were conducted in Uberlândia (central Brazil). During courtship, a female approaches a calling male and is led to a previously excavated chamber; a female can approach a silent male that beat his hands and/or feet on the ground as well. The courtship call of L. mystacinus consists of one single arch-shaped note (duration = 0.04 s) repeated 258 times per minute; the courtship calls of L. furnarius (0.06 s, 84 times per minute) and Leptodactylus sp. (0.15 s, 5 times per minute) also are arch-shaped. The courtship behavior of L. mystacinus is similar to that of other species of the L. fuscus (Schneider, 1799) group; unique to it is that males can beat his hands and/or feet on the ground while courting. The male behavior of conducting the female to a previously excavates chamber and the arch-shaped courtship call may represent other shared derived features of members of the L. fuscus group, including the former Adenomera species.

scholarly journals Observations on the courtship behavior and nesting in Phyllomedusa venusta (Anura: Phyllomedusidae) from a seasonally dry forest in Colombia

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Juan Salvador Mendoza-Roldán
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Courtship Behavior ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Physical Stimulation ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Egg Capsules ◽  
Seasonally Dry Forest

I investigated the reproductive behavior of the poorly known leaf frog Phyllomedusa venusta. Courtship, amplexus, and nesting were observed during the rainy season in an ephemeral pool surrounded by forest. Based on the behavior of a single, amplectant pair, it seems likely that physical stimulation may play a role in courtship in this leaf frog that shows little vocalization. A second amplectant pair formed a nest, with leaves surrounding the clutch in a funnel. Both ends of the nest were plugged with empty jelly egg capsules, which also were dispersed throughout the egg mass. A separate spawn was collected, containing 390 viable eggs. By wrapping eggs in leaves, and depositing water in empty egg capsules in the egg mass and jelly plugs, the frogs doubtless protect developing embryos from desiccation, an important adaptation for leaf-nesting among phyllomedusids.

An lmmunoassay to Detect Human Mullerian Inhibiting Substance in Males and Females during Normal Development

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 386-387
Author(s):  
PETER L. HUDSON ◽  
IRENE DOUGAS ◽  
RICHARD L. CATE ◽  
JAMES EPSTEIN ◽  
R. BLAKE PEPINSKY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Development ◽  
Müllerian Inhibiting Substance ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Mullerian Inhibiting Substance
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