Simulation of Temperature and Upwelling Effects on the English Sole (Parophrys vetulus) Spawning Season

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon H. Kruse ◽  
Albert V. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Spawning Season ◽  
English Sole ◽  
Bottom Temperature ◽  
Temperature Index ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Parophrys Vetulus ◽  
Mathematical Relationships ◽  
Shelf Temperature

Spawning times for English sole (Parophrys vetulus) in Oregon waters were estimated for 13 yr using data on adult female gonadal condition, and surveys of pelagic larvae and benthic juveniles of known ages. The spawning season for this species is extremely protracted and variable. Some spawning may occur in all months, but most occurs between September and April, with a peak lasting 1–3 mo within this period. Variations in the English sole spawning season appear to be largely accountable by variations in a continental shelf temperature index (developed from a relationship with Neah Bay sea level). The following three hypotheses about temperature control of spawning were described by mathematical relationships which were incorporated into a simulation model that was driven by the time series of the bottom temperature index: (1) the rate of gonadal development is inversely related to summer bottom temperatures; (2) spawning is inhibited by temperatures below about 7.8 °C; and (3) spawning is delayed by rapid increases in bottom temperature. The model in its present form can be used to simulate spawning activity for years void of empirical spawning records and to design laboratory experiments capable of validating cause-and-effect relationships.Key words: Oregon, English sole, spawning time, upwelling, shelf temperature, hypotheses, simulation model

Simulation Model of English Sole (Parophrys vetulus) Population Dynamics in Washington and Oregon Coastal Waters

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1870-1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall M. Peterman ◽  
Michael J. Bradford ◽  
Gordon H. Kruse
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
English Sole ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Historical Variation ◽  
Parophrys Vetulus

We constructed an empirically based simulation model of population dynamics for English sole (Parophrys vetulus) occupying waters off the Washington and Oregon coast. While the original purpose for developing this model was to provide a tool for analysis of management questions, we also found it useful in evaluating hypotheses about biological processes in the early life history of sole. By comparing the ability of alternative sets of model hypotheses to reflect historical variation in abundance of age 4 recruits, we found some combinations of hypothesized mechanisms to be better than others. Approximately 61% of the interannual variation in recruitment was accounted for by a model which included (1) the effect of ocean temperatures on spawning timing, egg hatching, and fish growth, (2) density-dependent larval mortality, (3) age-dependent mortality of fish younger than age 4 yr, and (4) density-dependent growth of age 1 fish. This model explained more variation in recruitment than previous models of this population and emphasized the importance of timing of spawning on the subsequent abundance of the cohort.

scholarly journals Optimising pasture and grazing management decisions on the Cicerone Project farmlets over variable time horizons

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Behrendt ◽  
Oscar Cacho ◽  
James M. Scott ◽  
Randall Jones
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Stochastic Dynamic ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stocking Rates

This study addresses the problem of balancing the trade-offs between the need for animal production, profit, and the goal of achieving persistence of desirable species within grazing systems. The bioeconomic framework applied in this study takes into account the impact of climate risk and the management of pastures and grazing rules on the botanical composition of the pasture resource, a factor that impacts on livestock production and economic returns over time. The framework establishes the links between inputs, the state of the pasture resource and outputs, to identify optimal pasture development strategies. The analysis is based on the application of a dynamic pasture resource development simulation model within a seasonal stochastic dynamic programming framework. This enables the derivation of optimum decisions within complex grazing enterprises, over both short-term tactical (such as grazing rest) and long-term strategic (such as pasture renovation) time frames and under climatic uncertainty. The simulation model is parameterised using data and systems from the Cicerone Project farmlet experiment. Results indicate that the strategic decision of pasture renovation should only be considered when pastures are in a severely degraded state, whereas the tactical use of grazing rest or low stocking rates should be considered as the most profitable means of maintaining adequate proportions of desirable species within a pasture sward. The optimal stocking rates identified reflected a pattern which may best be described as a seasonal saving and consumption cycle. The optimal tactical and strategic decisions at different pasture states, based on biomass and species composition, varies both between seasons and in response to the imposed soil fertility regime. Implications of these findings at the whole-farm level are discussed in the context of the Cicerone Project farmlets.

scholarly journals Bottom temperature and in situ development of chokka squid eggs (Loligo vulgaris reynaudii) on mid-shelf spawning grounds, South Africa

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1967-1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anè Oosthuizen ◽  
Mike J. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Bottom Temperature ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
Loligo Vulgaris ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Temperature Environment ◽  
Development Data ◽  
Shelf Temperature

Abstract Oosthuizen, A., and Roberts, M. J. 2009. Bottom temperature and in situ development of chokka squid eggs (Loligo vulgaris reynaudii) on mid-shelf spawning grounds, South Africa. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1967–1971. The aim of the study was to test the development success of squid eggs on the mid-shelf (60–150 m deep) spawning grounds in relation to previous laboratory results, and to describe the mid-shelf temperature environment and how it could affect egg development. A series of in situ egg incubation experiments was conducted on the mid-shelf (∼119 m deep) spawning grounds using cages, temperature sensors, and acoustic releases for retrieval. Newly spawned eggs were collected by scuba, and continuous temperature data were collected at two points between the known inshore spawning grounds and the mid-shelf areas. Temperature variations followed a seasonal warming and cooling cycle, with superimposed peaks and troughs. Egg development data indicated that warm temperature peaks (10–13°C) are sufficient for normal development of eggs on the mid-shelf. Egg development time on the mid-shelf was 2–3 times longer (50–60 vs. 20–30 d) than inshore. The scarcity of abnormalities (0.45%) disputes previous laboratory results that suggested that ∼50% of eggs would suffer abnormalities in the colder mid-shelf temperature environment.

Effects of toxicant exposure on reproductive success of female English sole (Parophrys vetulus) from Puget Sound, Washington

1988 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 435-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.L. Johnson ◽  
E. Casillas ◽  
D. Misitano ◽  
B.B. McCain ◽  
M.S. Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
English Sole ◽  
Toxicant Exposure ◽  
Parophrys Vetulus

scholarly journals Patient Flow Simulation Using Historically Informed Synthetic Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezra Kenny ◽  
Hamed Hassanzadeh ◽  
Sankalp Khanna ◽  
Justin Boyle ◽  
Sandra Louise
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Patient Flow ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Average Patient ◽  
Future Demands ◽  
Healthcare Administrators ◽  
Using Data

Hospital overcrowding is a major problem for healthcare systems around the globe. In order to better estimate future demands and adequate resources for coping with such demands, statistical and computerised modelling can be applied. This can then allow healthcare administrators and decision makers to quantify the impacts of various “what-if” scenarios on hospital performance measures. This paper investigates the application of Discrete Event Simulation towards optimising Emergency Department resources while measuring overall length of stay and queuing time of emergency patients as a target performance measure. In particular, we explore strategies for generating historically informed synthetic data that helps the simulation model track patient flow through the target hospital over a future time frame. Using the developed simulation model, several resource configurations are tested using data from one of the busiest emergency departments in the state of Queensland as the baseline while quantifying the impacts of such changes on key patient flow metrics. It was found that adding a single bed (and associated resources) to the emergency department would result in a 23% decrease in average patient treatment delay.

Formation and persistence of benzo[a]pyrene-diolepoxide-DNA adducts in liver of English sole (Parophrys vetulus)

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 203-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usha Varanasi ◽  
William L. Reichert ◽  
Bich-Thuy Le Eberhart ◽  
John E. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Dna Adducts ◽  
English Sole ◽  
Parophrys Vetulus

Modern Hypermarket Receiving Yard Utilization: The Implementation of a Simulation Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Mohammad Annas
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Exponential Distribution ◽  
Poisson Distribution ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Arrival Rate ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Processing Times ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Using Data

Objective - This research is a direct observation of initial queuing, using data that is categorised into two clusters: the number of people queuing at busy hours, and processing times in the same circumstances. Methodology/Technique - The raw data was converted for use in the Poisson distribution test, as well as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov exponential distribution options. An arena simulation model was also applied to identify the vendor's waiting time and to analyse receiving yard utilization. The average waiting time according to the Poisson distribution, the average serving time per vendor by an exponential distribution, and the number of receiving yards, are all essential factors effecting the utilization of receiving yards. Findings - The study compares the length of queues, serving times, arrival rate, and time in the system using dual and single receiving yard systems. However, the utilization rate on a two receiving yards system is less than the rate on single receiving yard system. As the aim of this study is to identify the utilization rate of the receiving yard, a single receiving yard operation is more representative of modern hypermarkets, and more efficient in terms of resource efficiency. Novelty - This study depends fully on the homogeneous operating hours of the retailers' receiving yards, the type of vehicle used by vendors to unload merchandises, procedures on moving the products to the inspections phase, a generalization of the products delivered by the vendors and the size of the modern hypermarkets business itself. Type of Paper: Empirical. Keywords: Receiving Yard Utilization; Hypermarket Receiving Yard; Queuing Simulation. JEL Classification: M1, M10, M19.

The gaseous gastrointestinal tract of a seawater teleost, the English sole (Parophrys vetulus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 110743
Author(s):  
Ellen H. Jung ◽  
Junho Eom ◽  
Colin J. Brauner ◽  
Fernando Martinez-Ferreras ◽  
Chris M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
English Sole ◽  
Parophrys Vetulus
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