Comparison of Productivity Estimates for Laminaria in Nova Scotia

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Previous Estimate ◽  
Annual Productivity ◽  
Dynamic Simulation Model ◽  
Population Recruitment ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Productivity Estimate

An estimate of productivity for a southwestern Nova Scotia Laminaria community was obtained using a dynamic simulation model which incorporated data on population recruitment and mortality, lamina growth and attrition, and interspecific competition for L. longicruris and L. digitata. The estimate for the total quantity of particulate material produced by this community at equilibrium is ≈6800 g∙m−2∙yr−1 (wet weight), or ≈408 g C∙m−2∙yr−1. The annual productivity to standing crop ratio (P:S) was determined to be ≈2.1:1. The productivity estimate for this community at equilibrium is considerably lower than a widely cited previous estimate for Laminaria productivity in Nova Scotia, which placed the seaweed zone amongst the most productive plant communities known. An evaluation of the methodology yielding this estimate has indicated that inaccurate estimates of population age structure and mortality have possibly resulted in a significant overestimation of particulate productivity.

Caloric Content of the Standing Crop of Benthic and Epibenthic Invertebrates of St. Margaret's Bay, Nova Scotia

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1803-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Brawn ◽  
D. L. Peer ◽  
R. J. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epibenthic Invertebrates

The benthos of St. Margaret's Bay at depths of 28–62 m was sampled quantitatively during the summer and the caloric contents of the common invertebrates determined. The shrimps, amphipods, and the polychaete Lumbrinereis with caloric contents between 1000 and 1300 cal/g wet weight had the highest caloric content of those tested. The mean caloric content of the standing crop was 76 kcal/m2 with the highest values occurring where the sand and silt–clay fractions of the sediment were nearly equal and the lowest where either sand or silt–clay predominated. Annelids and echinoderms together accounted for more than three-quarters of the caloric content of the standing crop.

Plant communities of selected urbanized areas of Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 191-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Turner ◽  
L. Lefler ◽  
B. Freedman
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Urbanized Areas

Plant Communities within Atlantic Coastal Heathlands in Nova Scotia

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-709
Author(s):  
Robert P. Cameron ◽  
Soren Bondrup-Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

Carbon Reduction Pathways and Standing Crop in Three Chihuahuan Desert Plant Communities

1976 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Syvertsen ◽  
G. L. Nickell ◽  
R. W. Spellenberg ◽  
G. L. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Desert Plant ◽  
Carbon Reduction

Species richness – standing crop relationships along four lakeshore gradients: constraints on the general model

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1609-1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene C. Wisheu ◽  
Paul A. Keddy
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
General Model ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
Habitat Variation ◽  
The Relationship

The applicability of a model describing the relationship between species richness and standing crop and litter was tested in each of four lakeshore habitats within Wilsons Lake, Nova Scotia. The shapes of the curves describing the species richness – standing crop relationships in the four habitats were significantly different. Standing crop and litter values were positively correlated with measured indices of soil fertility (loss on ignition and silt and clay content) and negatively correlated with disturbance as determined by the location of the shrub zone and overwinter damage to wooden pegs. Sites with high standing crop had a lower proportion of biomass composed of evergreen and isoetid species than the proportion in sites where standing crop was low. The among habitat variation observed in this study, and the variation in published values of standing crop values yielding maximum species richness, limit the accuracy of predictions from this model. Steps for refinement are suggested.

Estimation of Productivity and the Construction of Energy Budgets

2021 ◽  
pp. 430-457
Author(s):  
Peter A. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Bomb Calorimetry ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Living Material ◽  
Crop Energy

Methods to assess the size of a population and the interactions between populations in terms of biomass (weight of living material) or energy content are described. Biomass can be expressed as wet weight, dry weight (DW), shell-free dry weight (SFDW), ash-free dry weight, or as the amount of organic carbon present. The energy content of a material may be determined directly by oxidation, either by potassium dichromate in sulphuric acid, or by burning in oxygen and determining the amount of heat liberated. The latter method—bomb calorimetry—is most convenient and is widely used in ecology, but it involves drying the material, and volatile substances can be lost. Methods to estimate standing-crop, energy density, feeding and assimilation, and production are reviewed. Energy budgets can usefully be summarized and compared if the efficiencies of various processes are calculated. Dynamic energy budget models are introduced.

Quantitative differences in the fauna of boreal mud associations

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Standing Crop ◽  
Coarse Silt ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Benthic Production ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Characteristic Species ◽  
Similar Area ◽  
Northern North Sea

SUMMARYThe fauna of a muddy area in the northern North Sea (the Fladen ground) is compared with that of a similar area in a Scottish west-coast sea loch (Loch Nevis). These areas were selected because certain similarities in environmental features and in fauna, coupled with their marked difference in biomass, make them particularly suitable for studies of the factors affecting benthic production.For macrobenthos samples (from a grab) a coarse sieve with round holes of 1-3 mm diameter and a fine sieve with meshes of 0-5 mm side were used. Meiobenthos samples (from a corer) were sieved through a 0124 mm mesh and the total residue stained in rose bengal.The Fladen ground, depth 140 m, had annual bottom temperatures between 6-31 and 8-22 C and salinities between 35-20 and 35-2.50. The deposit was mainly of coarse silt with abundant tests of small Foraminifera. The fauna is redescribed. The characteristic species was the foraminifer Saccammina sphaerica. By separating empty tests from living specimens it is shown that this species was not so abundant as had been thought. The main lamellibranch was Thyasira equalis, not T. flexuosa as recorded in previous work. Other important species were the polychaetes Paraonis gracilis, Myriochele heeri, Spiophanes kroyeri, Tharyx sp., Lumbrineris impatiens, and Nephthys incisa. The standing crop of macrobenthos was 6-42 g/m2 wet weight.

Energy budget for a stream population of the freshwater clam, Sphaerium striatinum Lamarck (Bivalvia: Pisidiidae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 2410-2417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Hornbach ◽  
Thomas E. Wissing ◽  
Albert J. Burky
Keyword(s):  
Energy Budget ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Energy Partitioning ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Annual Productivity ◽  
Deposit Feeding ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

An annual energy budget was constructed for a stream population of Sphaerium striatinum. The annual productivity (P) was 2.79 g C∙m−2∙year−1 and the average standing crop biomass (B) was 0.58 g C∙m−2; the resulting annual P:B ratio of 4.58 is below that expected for a bivoltine animal. The low value for reproductive effort (Re:P = 16.1%) may partially be attributed to the ovoviviparous, iteroparous nature of this population. A strategy of partitioning a large proportion of production to growth (G:P = 83.9%) may insure a high probability of attaining the minimum size necessary for reproduction. Production accounts for 44% of assimilation (A) with 56% of A lost through respiration. The net production efficiency (P:A = 44%) is high and indicates that this population is efficient in partitioning energy to growth and reproduction. The population must consume (C) 10.57 g C∙m−2∙year−1 to meet its energy needs. Only 35% of this could be accounted for by filter feeding; the remainder may have come from deposit feeding. Comparisons of P, P:B, Re:P and P:A with published values for corbiculacean clams indicates that this population of S. striatinum is one of the most productive and efficient in its energy partitioning of populations studied to date.

Phytoplankton Summer Standing Crop and Annual Productivity as Functions of Phosphorus Loading and Various Physical Factors

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2255-2270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray T. Oglesby
Keyword(s):  
Standing Crop ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Mixing Processes ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Annual Productivity ◽  
Variable Function ◽  
Morphoedaphic Index

Relations of phytoplankton summer standing crop and annual productivity to morphometric properties and edaphic factors, especially phosphorus loading, have been examined for a large, diverse, globally distributed group of lakes. Standing crop was highly correlated with dissolved phosphorus loading when mixing of the water column was taken into account. A regression applicable to lakes of all depths is given as a log-log function with predictive confidence intervals for summer mean values. Boundary conditions for the exclusion of certain lakes have been roughly determined. For lakes of mean depth > 25 m areal loading accounted for 97% of the variance in summer phytoplankton standing crop. Phosphorus inputs to shallower systems were adjusted to give a simple approximation of the influence of mixing processes and the ratio of bottom area to overlying water volume. Annual primary productivity seems to be a more complex and variable function of phosphorus loading than is summer standing crop. The former correlated fairly well with the morphoedaphic index. Productivity and standing crop showed well-defined trends in relation to other variables, but point scatter was so great that more exact definition of these functions was not justified. Key words: phytoplankton, phosphorus, eutrophication, lakes, morphoedaphic index

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