ORIGIN OF THE FREE THRESHING CHARACTER IN HEXAPLOID WHEAT

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Kerber ◽  
G. G. Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Common Wheat Cultivar ◽  
The Past ◽  
Aegilops Squarrosa ◽  
Chromosome 5A ◽  
The Common ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploids ◽  
Free Threshing

All 15 hexaploid wheats (2n = 42 = AABBDD) synthesized from various combinations of nine tetraploid wheats (2n = 28 = AABB) and seven forms of Aegilops squarrosa L. (2n = 14 = DD) were non-free-threshing, regardless of the presence or absence of the Q factor. Monosomic and telosomic analysis of synthetic hexaploids RL 5404 and RL 5406, produced from crosses of Tetra Canthatch (the AABB component extracted from the common wheat cultivar Canthatch) with two forms of Ae. squarrosa, revealed the presence of a partially dominant gene for tenacious glumes, Tg, on chromosome 2Dα. This gene, derived from the squarrosa parent, inhibited the expression of Q located on chromosome 5A. The recessive allele tg as well as Q must be present for the expression of the free-threshing character in hexaploid wheat. On the assumption that Ae. squarrosa of the past possessed Tg, as apparently do all extant forms, it is hypothesized that the primitive hexaploid progenitor of free-threshing hexaploid wheat also carried this gene and, therefore, was non-free-threshing. The mutation from Tg to tg is presumed to have occurred at the hexaploid level.

INHERITANCE IN HEXAPLOID WHEAT OF LEAF RUST RESISTANCE AND OTHER CHARACTERS DERIVED FROM AEGILOPS SQUARROSA

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Kerber ◽  
P. L. Dyck
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Aegilops Squarrosa ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid ◽  
Free Threshing

The inheritance of seedling leaf rust resistance and several morphological characters derived from Aegilops squarrosa (2n = 14 = DD) was investigated in a synthetic hexaploid wheat. The hexaploid was obtained by combining the tetraploid component (2n = 28 = AABB) extracted from the common wheat cultivar Canthatch with Ae. squarrosa var. meyeri R.L. 5289.A major, partially dominant gene was identified that gives good resistance (type 0;1 reaction) to leaf rust races 1, 5, 9, 11, 15, 30, 58 and 126a. This gene was shown to be different from the resistance genes Lr1, Lr2, Lr3, Lr10, Lr16, Lr17 and Lr18. A minor second gene was also detected which gives resistance (type 2 reaction) to race 9 and slight resistance to some of the other races.Each of the characters purple coleoptile, non-waxy foliage, brown glumes, and non-free threshing (tenacious glumes) of the synthetic wheat was monogenically inherited. The gene for threshability may be different from other genetic systems known to affect this character. The gene for brown glumes was linked with the major gene for leaf rust resistance with a recombination value of 3.1 ± 1.1%. The genes for non-waxy foliage and non-free threshing were associated with an estimated linkage value of 15.1 ± 2.6%.The results effectively demonstrated the relative ease with which genetic variation may be incorporated into common hexaploid wheat from its ancestral diploid, Ae. squarrosa, by means of a synthetic hexaploid intermediary. The method avoids the difficulties and complications often encountered with the transfer of genes from more distantly related species which do not have a genome in common with T. aestivum.

A cytogenetic study of the blue-grain line of the common wheat cultivar Saratovskaya 29

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 785-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Arbuzova ◽  
E. D. Badaeva ◽  
T. T. Efremova ◽  
T. S. Osadchaya ◽  
N. V. Trubacheeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Cytogenetic Study ◽  
Common Wheat Cultivar ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Mutants at gliadin loci on the basis of the common wheat cultivar Bezostaya 1

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Kozub ◽  
I. A. Sozinov ◽  
H. Ya. Bidnyk ◽  
N. A. Demianova ◽  
O. I. Sozinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Common Wheat Cultivar ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sds Electrophoresis

Aim. The aim of this study was to isolate and propagate mutants at gliadin loci developed on the basis of the common wheat cultivar Bezostaya 1. Methods. We searched for spontaneous and gamma-irradiation induced mutations at gliadin loci among the progeny of F1 and F2 plants from crosses between near-isogenic lines by gliadin loci on the basis of the cultivar Bezostaya 1, including lines with the wheat-rye 1BL.1RS translocation. To identify mutations, we performed acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and SDS-electrophoresis of storage proteins. Results. On the basis of the common wheat cultivar Bezostaya 1, five mutants (six mutations) at gliadin loci were isolated and propagated, four of which were described for the first time. Three mutations occurred at the Gli-R1 locus involved in the wheat-rye 1BL.1RS translocation (the loss of secalins, intensification of a secalin component, and increased mobility of a secalin component). Two mutations were identified in the allele Gli-B1b, one caused the null-allele at the Gli-A2 locus. Conclusions. The material of mutants is of importance for studying the role of certain groups of storage proteins and their components in quality determination, as well as mechanisms of regulation of storage protein synthesis. Keywords: Triticum aestivum, gliadin, secalin, mutation, 1BL.1RS translocation.

Stem-rust resistance in 'Canthatch' hexaploid wheat induced by a nonsuppressor mutation on chromosome 7DL

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 935-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Kerber
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Ethyl Methanesulphonate ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Common Wheat Cultivar ◽  
The Common ◽  
Or Genes ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Dominant Suppressor

A recessive null mutation induced in the common wheat cultivar 'Canthatch' by ethyl methanesulphonate permits the expression of resistance to several cultures of stem rust to which this cultivar is susceptible. This susceptibility is due to a dominant suppressor on chromosome 7DL that inhibits resistance conferred by a gene or genes located elsewhere on the genomic complement. Genetical and cytogenetical evidence indicated that the mutation is simply transmitted and was induced either at the suppressor locus or at a locus closely linked with it, more than 50 crossover units from the centromere. Tentative results suggest that in addition to 'Canthatch', other backcross derivatives of the cultivar 'Thatcher', such as 'Katepwa' and 'Columbus', possess both the suppressor and the inactivated resistance gene(s). Consequently, incorporation of the mutant allele into these cultivars should permit the expression of inhibited resistance.Key words: hexaploid, Triticum, ethyl methanesulphonate, mutant, suppressor, Puccinia graminis.

Chromosomal location of AFLP markers in common wheat utilizing nulli-tetrasomic stocks

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuqiang Huang ◽  
Friedrich J Zeller ◽  
Sai LK Hsam ◽  
Gerhard Wenzel ◽  
Volker Mohler
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Chromosomal Location ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Common Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Chromosome Assignment ◽  
Aneuploid Chromosome ◽  
The Common

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers with a total of 256 EcoRI + ANN- MseI + CNN primer combinations were investigated employing the common wheat cultivar Triticum aestivum 'Chinese Spring.' On average, 103 fragments per primer combination were amplified, ranging from a maximum of 226 fragments to a minimum of 18 fragments. The primer combinations E + AAA - M + CNN and E + ATT - M + CNN produced very few distinct fragments. By using 15 randomly chosen EcoRI + ANN - MseI + CNN primer combinations, 928 AFLP markers were allocated to wheat chromosomes, of which 131 were assigned to specific chromosome arms. These AFLP markers were locus-specific and randomly distributed on the different chromosomes. In addition, 6 and 41 AFLP markers were simultaneously absent in two nulli-tetrasomics (NTs) of both homoeologous and non-homoeologous groups, respectively, whereas additional fragments were detected in N1BT1A, N5AT5D, and N6BT6A lines.Key words: aneuploid, chromosome assignment, Triticum aestivum.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE GENE FOR ADULT-PLANT LEAF RUST RESISTANCE IN THATCHER

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. DYCK
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Aegilops Squarrosa ◽  
The Common

The gene for adult-plant resistance to race 9 of leaf rust (Puccinia recondita Rob. ex. Desm.) in the common wheat cultivar Thatcher (Triticum aestivum L.) was allelic to Lr22a, a gene for adult-plant leaf rust resistance previously transferred to hexaploid wheat from Aegilops squarrosa L. This gene, designated Lr22b, was linked with Tg, a gene for tenacious glumes, and W21, an inhibitor of waxy foliage, both known to be on chromosome arm 2Dα and linked with Lr22a.

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