FUSION OF CARROT AND BARLEY PROTOPLASTS AND DIVISION OF HETEROKARYOCYTES

1976 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Dudits ◽  
K. N. Kao ◽  
F. Constabel ◽  
O. L. Gamborg
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Carrot Cell ◽  
Fusion Of Protoplasts ◽  
Fusion Products ◽  
Carrot Cell Cultures

Fusion of protoplasts from cultured cells of carrot (Daucus carota L.) and from leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) by means of polyethylene glycol resulted in the formation of 4-5 fusion products (heterokaryocytes) per 100 protoplasts. When incubated in culture medium, the heterokaryocytes regenerated cell walls and divided. The frequency of division depended on the viability of the protoplasts from carrot cell cultures, specifically, on the mitotic activity of the cells. Fusion of interphase carrot and barley nuclei was detected by differential staining. Synchronized mitosis was observed in heterokaryons containing barley and carrot nuclei.

Fusion of protoplasts from carrot cell cultures and the green alga Stigeoclonium

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1021-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry C. Fowke ◽  
Harvey J. Marchant ◽  
Peter M. Gresshoff
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Carrot Cell ◽  
Fusion Of Protoplasts ◽  
Fusion Products ◽  
Carrot Cell Cultures

Protoplasts from will carrot (Daucus carota) cell cultures were fused with protoplasts of the filamentous green alga Stigeoclonium sp. using polyethylene glycol. Following fusion of the algal and higher plant plasma membranes, intact Stigeoclonium chloroplasts, nuclei, and centrioles were observed within the carrot cytoplasm. Other algal organelles were not distinguishable in the fusion products.

A set of cell surface glycoproteins forms an early position, but not cell type, in the root apical carota L

Development ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
J.P. Knox ◽  
S. Day ◽  
K. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Seedling Root ◽  
Carrot Cell ◽  
Cell Surface Glycoproteins ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections

A monoclonal antibody (JIM4) has been derived that series of glycoproteins associated with the plasma suspension-cultured carrot cell line and also an proteoglycan secreted by the cultured cells. indicated that the plasma membrane antigen(s) specific to certain cells of Daucus carota L. apex JIM4 labelled two segments of the stele. These the poles of the protoxylem. An axis of unlabelled two phloem regions. Two sections of the pericycle with oblique longitudinal divisions were particularly This pattern of reactive cells, reflecting cell specific future cell type, would appear to be a unique plants. The association of JIM4 antigens with these maintained through the transition from root to the cotyledons and the mature plant. Examination of JIM4 ultrathin frozen sections of the carrot seedling root indicated that the expression of the antigen is a very root development. Cells express the surface epitope, cells of the dome of apical initials, before the vascular tissue can be discerned and well before its differentiation.

Characterisation of extracellular polysaccharides from suspension cultures of members of the Poaceae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Sims ◽  
K Middleton ◽  
AG Lane ◽  
AJ Cairns ◽  
A Bacic
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Arabinogalactan Protein ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Suspension Cultured Cells

Microscopic examination of suspension-cultured cells of Phleum pratense L., Panicum miliaceum L., Phalaris aquatica L. and Oryza sativa L. showed that they were comprised of numerous root primordia. Polysaccharides secreted by these suspension cultures contained glycosyl linkages consistent with the presence of high proportions of root mucilage-like polysaccharides. In contrast, suspension-cultured cells of Hordeum vulgare L. contained mostly undifferentiated cells more typical of plant cells in suspension culture. The polysaccharides secreted by H. vulgare cultures contained mostly linkages consistent with the presence of glucuronoarabinoxylan. The soluble polymers secreted by cell-suspension cultures of Phleum pratense contained 70% carbohydrate, 14% protein and 6% inorganic material. The extracellular polysaccharides were separated into four fractions by anion-exchange chromatography using a gradient of imidazole-HCl at pH 7.0. From glycosyl-linkage analyses, five polysaccharides were identified: an arabinosylated xyloglucan (comprising 20% of the total polysaccharide), a glucomannan (6%), a type-II arabinogalactan (an arabinogalactan-protein; 7%), an acidic xylan (3%), and a root-slime-like polysaccharide, which contained features of type-II arabinogalactans and glucuronomannans (65%).

Characterisation of extracellular polysaccharides from suspension cultures of members of the Poaceae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Sims ◽  
K Middleton ◽  
AG Lane ◽  
AJ Cairns ◽  
A Bacic
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Arabinogalactan Protein ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Suspension Cultured Cells

Microscopic examination of suspension-cultured cells of Phleum pratense L., Panicum miliaceum L., Phalaris aquatica L. and Oryza sativa L. showed that they were comprised of numerous root primordia. Polysaccharides secreted by these suspension cultures contained glycosyl linkages consistent with the presence of high proportions of root mucilage-like polysaccharides. In contrast, suspension-cultured cells of Hordeum vulgare L. contained mostly undifferentiated cells more typical of plant cells in suspension culture. The polysaccharides secreted by H. vulgare cultures contained mostly linkages consistent with the presence of glucuronoarabinoxylan. The soluble polymers secreted by cell-suspension cultures of Phleum pratense contained 70% carbohydrate, 14% protein and 6% inorganic material. The extracellular polysaccharides were separated into four fractions by anion-exchange chromatography using a gradient of imidazole-HCl at pH 7.0. From glycosyl-linkage analyses, five polysaccharides were identified: an arabinosylated xyloglucan (comprising 20% of the total polysaccharide), a glucomannan (6%), a type-II arabinogalactan (an arabinogalactan-protein; 7%), an acidic xylan (3%), and a root-slime-like polysaccharide, which contained features of type-II arabinogalactans and glucuronomannans (65%).

scholarly journals THE INCORPORATION OF RADIOACTIVE PROLINE INTO CULTURED CELLS

1968 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 698-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Israel ◽  
M. M. Salpeter ◽  
F. C. Steward
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Special Problem ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Cell Wall Protein ◽  
Quiescent Cells ◽  
Growth Induction

Cultured carrot explants, stimulated to grow rapidly in a medium containing coconut milk, were labeled with radioactive proline. After an initial period of absorption (8 hr for proline-3H; 24 hr for proline-14C) the tissue was allowed to grow for a further period of 6 days in a similar medium free from the radioactivity. Samples were prepared for electron microscopy and radioautography at the end of the absorption period and also after the further growth. The distribution of the products from the radioactive proline in the cells is shown by high-resolution radioautography and is rendered quantitative for the different regions of the cells. The results show that the combined label, which was present in the form of proline and the hydroxyproline derived from it, was all in the protoplasm, not in the cell walls. Any combined label that appeared to be over the cell walls is shown to be due to scatter from adjacent cytoplasmic sites. Initially the radioactivity was concentrated in nuclei, even more so in nucleoli, but it subsequently appeared throughout the ground cytoplasm and was also concentrated in the plastids. The significance of these observations for the general concept of a plant cell wall protein and for the special problem of growth induction in otherwise quiescent cells is discussed.

scholarly journals Cross-Linking Patterns in Salt-Extractable Extensin from Carrot Cell Walls

1986 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel P. Stafstrom ◽  
L. Andrew Staehelin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Carrot Cell

scholarly journals SELECTIVE "STAINING" FOR ELECTRON MICROGRAPHY

1942 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Mudd ◽  
Thomas F. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Selective Staining ◽  
Electron Micrography ◽  
Chemical Effects ◽  
Microchemical Analysis ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Selective Chemical

The physical basis of contrast and image formation in electron micrography is considered in relation to the possibility of recording selective chemical effects on cell components. A technology of selective microchemical analysis, equivalent to differential staining, is suggested as practicable in electron micrography. Electron pictures of bacteria after exposure to salts of heavy metals have shown the bacterial inner protoplasm, but not the cell walls, to be selectively darkened; shrinkage, coagulation, or escape of protoplasm from the injured cells may result and be recorded in the electron micrographs. Recording of the action of germicidal agents on individual bacterial cells is indicated as one promising field of application of microchemical analysis with the aid of the electron microscope.

The Auxin-like Activity of Humic Substances is Related to Membrane Interactions in Carrot Cell Cultures

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Muscolo ◽  
M. Sidari ◽  
O. Francioso ◽  
V. Tugnoli ◽  
S. Nardi
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Membrane Interactions ◽  
Carrot Cell ◽  
Carrot Cell Cultures
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document