Linkage mapping in diploid alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Echt ◽  
K. K. Kidwell ◽  
S. J. Knapp ◽  
T. C. Osborn ◽  
T. J. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Linkage Mapping ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genome Mapping ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Backcross Population ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Genome Map

A genome map of cultivated alfalfa was constructed using segregating restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) in a diploid backcross population generated from noninbred parents. Among the 153 loci scored in 87 progeny, four segregation ratios were observed for codominant and dominant markers: 1:1, 1:2:1, 1:1:1:1, and 3:1. Deviations from expected Mendelian ratios (p < 0.05) were observed for 34% of the loci studied. A genome map was assembled from two separate linkage maps, each constructed from a subset of the segregation data. One linkage map was constructed from 46 RFLP and 40 RAPD markers segregating 1:1 from the F1 parent of the backcross and the other linkage map was constructed from 33 RFLP and 28 RAPD markers segregating 1:1 from the recurrent parent. Sixteen loci with alleles segregating 1:1 from both parents were used as locus bridges to align individual linkage groups between the two maps. The combined use of RFLPs and RAPDs was an effective method for developing an alfalfa genome map.Key words: genome mapping, RAPD, RFLP, locus bridges.

scholarly journals Genetic Linkage Mapping of RAPD Markers Segregating in Korean Ogol Chicken - White Leghorn Backcross Population

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Hwang ◽  
K. D. Song ◽  
T. H. Kim ◽  
D. K. Jeong ◽  
S. H. Sohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Mapping ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Backcross Population ◽  
Genetic Linkage Mapping

A genetic linkage map for Stevia rebaudiana

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Yao ◽  
M Ban ◽  
J Brandle
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Linkage Map ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Genome Map ◽  
High Level ◽  
Map Distance

To lay a foundation for molecular breeding efforts, the first genetic linkage map for Stevia rebaudiana has been constructed using segregation data from a pseudo test-cross F1 population. A total of 183 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were analysed and assembled into 21 linkage groups covering a total distance of 1389 cM, with an average distance between markers of of 7.6 cM. The 11 largest linkage groups consisted of 4-19 loci, ranged in length from 56 to 174 cM, and accounted for 75% of the total map distance. Fifteen RAPD loci were found to be unlinked. From the 521 primers showing amplification products, 185 (35.5%) produced a total of 293 polymorphic fragments, indicating a high level of genetic diversity in stevia. Most of the RAPD markers in stevia segregated in normal Mendelian fashion.Key words: stevia, open-pollinated, genome map, RAPD.

Genetic segregation of random amplified polymorphic DNA in diploid cultivated alfalfa

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Echt ◽  
L. A. Erdahl ◽  
T. J. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genome Mapping ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Arbitrary Sequence ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Backcross Population ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Polymerase chain reaction was used, with single 10-mer primers of arbitrary sequence, to amplify random regions of genomic DNA from a diploid cultivated alfalfa backcross population. Segregation of the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fragments was analysed to determine if RAPD markers are suitable for use as genetic markers. Of the 19 primers tested, 13 amplified a total of 37 polymorphic fragments, of which 28 (76%) segregated as dominant Mendelian traits. RAPD markers appear useful for the rapid development of genetic information in species like alfalfa where little information currently exists or is difficult to obtain.Key words: random amplified polymorphic DNA, polymerase chain reaction amplification, genome mapping, restriction fragment length polymorphism, Medicago sativa.

scholarly journals Genetic Linkage of Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers in Sweetpotato

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul. G. Thompson ◽  
Liang L. Hong ◽  
Kittipat Ukoskit ◽  
Zhiqiang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Linkage Mapping ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Linkage Map ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genetic Linkage Mapping ◽  
Map Construction

RAPD marker analyses were completed on parents and progeny of two sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] crosses to determine the feasibility of genetic linkage map construction. A total of 100 primers was tested and 96 produced amplified genomic DNA fragments. The average number of polymorphisms per primer was 0.69. A total of 134 polyphorphic markers was observed and 74 (60%) segregated 1 band present : 1 band absent as needed for use in genetic linkage mapping of polyploids. The 60% of RAPD markers that segregated 1:1 shows that genetic linkage mapping of the hexaploid sweetpotato by RAPD marker analysis is feasible. Linkage was determined for all markers that segregated 1:1 and five pairs of linked markers were found. These were the first linked molecular markers found in sweetpotato and they show that construction of a genetic linkage map is feasible. A genetic linkage map will be a valuable tool to assist in genetic improvements.

scholarly journals Genome Mapping in Citrullus Lanatus Populations Segregating for Fusarium Wilt Resistance

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 558C-558b
Author(s):  
Leigh K. Hawkins ◽  
Fenny Dane ◽  
Tom Kubisiak ◽  
Bill Rhodes ◽  
Bob Jarrett
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genome Mapping ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Marker Locus ◽  
Dna Pools ◽  
Race 1

A linkage map was constructed of the watermelon genome using F2 and F2:3 populations segregating for resistance to race 1 and 2 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON 1 and 2). Sixty-four percent of the RAPD primers used in the parents and F1 detected polymorphism. In the F2, 143 polymorphic bands were scored, 60% of which exhibited the expected 3:1 segregation ratio. A 113 cM linkage map was constructed using Mapmaker version 3 and LOD of 4. DNA pools of Fusarium wilt resistant or susceptible F2:3 lines were created and bulked segregant analysis was used to detect molecular markers linked to FON 1 or FON 2 resistance. Four individuals per line were used to confirm linkages and construct an F2:3 linkage map. One large linkage group was detected in both generations. A large proportion of the RAPD and SSR markers were unlinked and many showed segregation distortion. Single-factor ANOVA for each pairwise combination of marker locus and resistance or morphological trait was conducted. RAPD markers with putative linkages to FON 1 and FON 2 and several morphological traits were detected.

scholarly journals Location of Four Morphological Markers (dgs, blu, arg, and y) in a Molecular Linkage Map of Common Bean

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 544B-544
Author(s):  
Gino Beltran ◽  
Geunhwa Jung ◽  
Mark Bassett ◽  
James Nienhuis
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Linkage Map ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Blue Flower ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Morphological Markers ◽  
Molecular Linkage Map

The development of a complete linkage map including both morphological and molecular markers is important to understand the genetic relationships among quantitatively and qualitatively inherited traits in common bean. The objective of this study was to identify RAPD markers linked to genes for four morphological traits using bulked segregant analysis and to map the markers to a molecular linkage map previously constructed in common bean. Three segregating populations were evaluated. Two BC2F2 populations with dgs (dark green savoy leaf) and blu (blue flower) induced mutant was developed with a Florida breeding line 7-1404 and 5-593 as the recurrent parent. In addition, a BC3F2 population with the y (yellow wax pod) and the arg (silvery green pod) mutants was developed from the Lamprecht line PI 527858 and 5-593 as the recurrent parent. RAPD markers linked in coupling to the morphological traits were detected to be 4.1 cM, 4.3 cM, 7.3 cM, and 12.3 cM distant from the dgs, blu, y, and arg genes, respectively. The linked RAPD markers were mapped in the molecular linkage map previously constructed using recombinant inbred population of the cross PC-50 × XAN-159. In this linkage map, we observed a linkage between the C locus and blu gene whose location was not previously known. In addition, a linkage between an abaxial leaf pubescent gene and dgs gene was observed. These results indicate that integrating morphological markers and molecular markers can result in a more complete genetic linkage map in common bean.

Mapping of Five Morphological Markers (dgs, blu, rnd, Ib, and asp) in a Molecular Linkage Map of Common Bean

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 547c-547
Author(s):  
Gino Beltran ◽  
Geunhwa Jung ◽  
Mark Bassett ◽  
James Nienhuis
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Linkage Map ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Linkage Map ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Blue Flower ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Molecular Linkage Map ◽  
Dark Green

The classical genetic linkage map of common bean contains only a fraction of the total genes that has been reported. These genes can be mapped in a molecular linkage map so that genetic relationship among diferent genes can be better understood. The objective of this study was to identify RAPD markers linked to genes for five morphological traits using bulked segregant analysis and to map the markers to a molecular linkage map previously constructed in common bean. Five segregating populations were evaluated. Three BC2F2 populations with dgs (dark green savoy leaf), blu (blue flower), and rnd (round leaf), respectively, were developed with a Florida breeding line 7-1404 and 5-593 as the recurrent parent. One BC3F2 population with the asp (dull seed coat) was developed from a BC2F2 5-593 line and 5-593 as the recurrent parent. Finally, an F2 segregating population for Ib (flat pod) was developed from `Hialeah' flat pod mutant × `Hialeah'. The linked RAPD markers were mapped in a molecular linkage map previously constructed using recombinant inbred population of the cross PC-50 × XAN-159. The results of this study indicate that integrating morphological and molecular merkers can result in a more complete genetic linkage map in common bean.

Segmental allotetraploidy and allelic interactions in buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link syn. Cenchrus ciliaris L.) as revealed by genome mapping

Genome ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
R W Jessup ◽  
B L Burson ◽  
G Burow ◽  
Y -W Wang ◽  
C Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Genome Mapping ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽  
Preferential Pairing ◽  
Pennisetum Ciliare ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Linkage analyses increasingly complement cytological and traditional plant breeding techniques by providing valuable information regarding genome organization and transmission genetics of complex polyploid species. This study reports a genome map of buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link syn. Cenchrus ciliaris L.). Maternal and paternal maps were constructed with restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) segregating in 87 F1 progeny from an intraspecific cross between two heterozygous genotypes. A survey of 862 heterologous cDNAs and gDNAs from across the Poaceae, as well as 443 buffelgrass cDNAs, yielded 100 and 360 polymorphic probes, respectively. The maternal map included 322 RFLPs, 47 linkage groups, and 3464 cM, whereas the paternal map contained 245 RFLPs, 42 linkage groups, and 2757 cM. Approximately 70 to 80% of the buffelgrass genome was covered, and the average marker spacing was 10.8 and 11.3 cM on the respective maps. Preferential pairing was indicated between many linkage groups, which supports cytological reports that buffelgrass is a segmental allotetraploid. More preferential pairing (disomy) was found in the maternal than paternal parent across linkage groups (55 vs. 38%) and loci (48 vs. 15%). Comparison of interval lengths in 15 allelic bridges indicated significantly less meiotic recombination in paternal gametes. Allelic interactions were detected in four regions of the maternal map and were absent in the paternal map.Key words: linkage map, segmental allopolyploidy, restriction fragment length polymorphism, Poaceae, chromosome pairing.

scholarly journals Genome Plasticity among RelatedLactococcus Strains: Identification of Genetic Events Associated with Macrorestriction Polymorphisms

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (9) ◽  
pp. 2481-2491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Le Bourgeois ◽  
Marie-Line Daveran-Mingot ◽  
Paul Ritzenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Physical Map ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Genome Map ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Oligopeptide Transport System ◽  
Genetic Events

ABSTRACT The genomic diversity of nine strains of the Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (NCDO712, NCDO505, NCDO2031, NCDO763, MMS36, C2, LM0230, LM2301, and MG1363) was studied by macrorestriction enzyme analysis using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. These strains were considered adequate for the investigation of genomic plasticity because they have been described as belonging to the same genetic lineage. Comparison of ApaI and SmaI genome fingerprints of each strain revealed the presence of several macrorestriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), despite a high degree of similarity of the generated restriction patterns. The physical map of the MG1363 chromosome was used to establish a genome map of the other strains and allocate the RFLPs to five regions. Southern hybridization analysis correlated the polymorphic regions with genetic events such as chromosomal inversion, integration of prophage DNA, and location of the transposon-like structures carrying conjugative factor or oligopeptide transport system.

scholarly journals Physical mapping of repetitive oligonucleotides facilitates the establishment of a genome map-based karyotype to identify chromosomal variations in peanut

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liuyang Fu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Lina Li ◽  
Tao Lang ◽  
Junjia Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Physical Mapping ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Reference Sequence ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Genome Map ◽  
Chromosomal Variants

Abstract Background Chromosomal variants play important roles in crop breeding and genetic research. The development of single-stranded oligonucleotide (oligo) probes simplifies the process of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and facilitates chromosomal identification in many species. Genome sequencing provides rich resources for the development of oligo probes. However, little progress has been made in peanut due to the lack of efficient chromosomal markers. Until now, the identification of chromosomal variants in peanut has remained a challenge. Results A total of 114 new oligo probes were developed based on the genome-wide tandem repeats (TRs) identified from the reference sequences of the peanut variety Tifrunner (AABB, 2n = 4x = 40) and the diploid species Arachis ipaensis (BB, 2n = 2x = 20). These oligo probes were classified into 28 types based on their positions and overlapping signals in chromosomes. For each type, a representative oligo was selected and modified with green fluorescein 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) or red fluorescein 6-carboxytetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA). Two cocktails, Multiplex #3 and Multiplex #4, were developed by pooling the fluorophore conjugated probes. Multiplex #3 included FAM-modified oligo TIF-439, oligo TIF-185-1, oligo TIF-134-3 and oligo TIF-165. Multiplex #4 included TAMRA-modified oligo Ipa-1162, oligo Ipa-1137, oligo DP-1 and oligo DP-5. Each cocktail enabled the establishment of a genome map-based karyotype after sequential FISH/genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and in silico mapping. Furthermore, we identified 14 chromosomal variants of the peanut induced by radiation exposure. A total of 28 representative probes were further chromosomally mapped onto the new karyotype. Among the probes, eight were mapped in the secondary constrictions, intercalary and terminal regions; four were B genome-specific; one was chromosome-specific; and the remaining 15 were extensively mapped in the pericentric regions of the chromosomes. Conclusions The development of new oligo probes provides an effective set of tools which can be used to distinguish the various chromosomes of the peanut. Physical mapping by FISH reveals the genomic organization of repetitive oligos in peanut chromosomes. A genome map-based karyotype was established and used for the identification of chromosome variations in peanut following comparisons with their reference sequence positions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document