scholarly journals The 3-I framework: a framework for developing public policies regarding pharmacogenomics (PGx) testing in Canada

Genome ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 527-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naazish S. Bashir ◽  
Wendy J. Ungar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Tool ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Confidentiality And Privacy

The 3-I framework of analyzing the ideas, interests, and institutions around a topic has been used by political scientists to guide public policy development. In Canada, there is a lack of policy governing pharmacogenomics (PGx) testing compared to other developed nations. The goal of this study was to use the 3-I framework, a policy development tool, and apply it to PGx testing to identify and analyze areas where current policy is limited and challenges exist in bringing PGx testing into wide-spread clinical practice in Canada. A scoping review of the literature was conducted to determine the extent and challenges of PGx policy implementation at federal and provincial levels. Based on the 3-I analysis, contentious ideas related to PGx are (i) genetic discrimination, (ii) informed consent, (iii) the lack of knowledge about PGx in health care, (iv) the value of PGx testing, (v) the roles of health care workers in the coordination of PGx services, and (vi) confidentiality and privacy. The 3-I framework is a useful tool for policy makers, and applying it to PGx policy development is a new approach in Canadian genomics. Policy makers at every organizational level can use this analysis to help develop targeted PGx policies.

Towards an AIDS-free generation by 2030: how are South African children, adolescents, caregivers and health care workers coping with HIV?

2021 ◽  
pp. 008124632199217
Author(s):  
Yogan Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
South African ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Free Generation ◽  
Living With Hiv

We are committed to an AIDS free generation by 2030 – nine short years away. This article reflects on the global and South African data on new infections, total number of children and adolescents living with HIV as well as data on vertical transmission. The article includes the voices of key stakeholders in the quest to end HIV in children so that lessons from their experiences can be used by policy makers in strengthening services.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health of the General Population, Students, and Health Care Workers: A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Sankhi ◽  
Nirmal Raj Marasine
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
General Population ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Psychological Reactions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Impact

Background: The COVID-19 among humans is spreading heavily and is largely impacting the mental health of the general population, students, and health care workers worldwide. Hence, this review aims to summarize the literatures addressing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of the general population, students, and health care workers. Methods: Published articles concerning mental health of the general population, students, and health care workers related to the COVID-19 outbreak have been considered and reviewed. Results and Discussion: Mental health symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression are common psychological reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population, students, and health care workers. This collectively influences daily behavior, economy, prevention strategies and decision making from policy makers and health organizations, weakening the strategies of COVID-19 control leading to more morbidity and mental health needs at the global level. Conclusion: There is a need for more evidence-based research from other affected countries, particularly in vulnerable populations such as children and adolescents, people of lower socioeconomic status, and those residing in rural areas, so that valid strategies can be developed and COVID-19 and outbreaks of similar types in the near future can be prevented.

Leading through COVID-19: understanding and supporting grief and loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Ethan Kutanzi ◽  
Kathleen Fraser ◽  
Debrah Wirtzfeld
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Grief And Loss ◽  
Workplace Relationships ◽  
Anticipatory Grief ◽  
Disenfranchised Grief ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Care Workers

The COVID-19 pandemic has created an environment in which grief and loss are being experienced collectively. This grief can lead to increased burnout, decreased productivity, and increased likelihood of job turnover. With health care workers already facing increased risks because of their frontline pandemic responsibilities, it is important to provide leaders with knowledge and tools to support their grieving team members. Understanding the Kübler-Ross grief model, as well as grief-related concepts such as anticipatory grief, disenfranchised grief, moral injury, and complicated grief, will help leaders provide normalizing support. This approach may include building and fostering trusting relationships, engaging in self-reflection, participating in supportive conversations, and, when appropriate, sharing information around grief-support resources. There is no universal timeline for the resolution of grief; mental health impacts can last for many months and can continue to resurface for years. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we educated health care workers around the issues of grief and loss by focusing on the relationship side of the Wheel of Change, interviewing people with expertise in the area, holding town hall meetings, and hosting online “coffee and chat” sessions for physicians. We recommend relying less on policy development and, instead, focus on strengthening workplace relationships and creating opportunities for connection and discussions.

scholarly journals Assessment of needle stick and sharp injuries among health care workers in central zone of Tigray, northern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Weldesamuel ◽  
Hailay Gebreyesus ◽  
Berhe Beyene ◽  
Mebrahtu Teweldemedhin ◽  
Zemichael Welegebriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Needle Sticks

Abstract Objective Accidental occupational injuries to health care workers (HCWs) continue to have a significant problem in the healthcare system. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess prevalence of needle sticks and sharp injury and associated factors among health care workers working in Central Zone Tigray northern Ethiopia. Result The prevalence of needle stick and sharp injury in the past 12 months preceding the study and entire job were 25.9% and 38.5% respectively. Nearly one-third (31%) of the injuries occurred in emergency unit and 122 (71.3%) of the materials caused injury were used on patients. Practice of needle recap, ever used cigarette in last 12 months, training, work hours > 40 per week, job dissatisfaction and work experience less than 5 years were found factors significantly associated with needle stick and sharp injury for health care workers. The magnitude of Needle stick and sharp injury is high in the study area. Policy makers should formulate strategies to improve the working condition for healthcare workers and increase their adherence to universal precautions.

scholarly journals Introduction

2004 ◽  
Vol 359 (1447) ◽  
pp. 1047-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. McLean ◽  
R. M. May ◽  
J. Pattison ◽  
R. A. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Emerging Infections ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Broad Community ◽  
A Current

In the summer of 2003, as the first global severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic stuttered to a close, The Royal Society set about organizing a meeting that would take stock of the year's events and ask ‘what can we learn from SARS about emerging infections in general?’ Emerging infections are more than just a current biological fashion. The bitter ongoing experience of AIDS and the looming threat of an influenza pandemic teach us that the control of infectious disease is a problem we have not yet solved. It is a problem that needs to be addressed by a broad community. Scientists, policy makers and health care workers all need to be prepared, but prepared to do what? The purpose of the meeting was to use SARS as an example to enumerate the generic issues that must be considered when planning for the control of emerging infections.

scholarly journals Perspectives on non-clinical health care workers’ moral obligation to report for work during virulent epidemics: an exploration in Guinea

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Lonzozou Kpanake ◽  
Vissého Adjiwanou ◽  
Paul Clay Sorum ◽  
Etienne Mullet
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Lay People ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Study Participants

Objectives To examine the views of non-clinical health care workers (NCHW) and lay people in Guinea on NCHWs’ moral obligation to work during epidemics. Methods NCHWs ( N = 227) and lay people ( N = 253) were presented with theoretical vignettes of NCHWs who refused to work during a virulent epidemic and invited to rate the extent to which such decision was acceptable. Vignettes varied in four factors: level of risk of getting infected; the nature of the infection (Ebola, influenza, tuberculosis); working conditions and the NCHW’s family status. Results Three general qualitatively different positions were identified: (a) NCHWs have an unlimited moral obligation to work, irrespective of circumstances (10% of study participants); (b) NCHWs do not have a moral obligation to work (12%), and (c) the moral obligation to work depends entirely on circumstances (58%), while 19% of participants did not express any position. Conclusions Only a small proportion of NCHWs and lay people in Guinea considered that NCHWs’ refusal to work during an epidemic is always unacceptable. Policy makers planning for future epidemics need to take account of NCHWs’ moral dilemmas in deciding whether to report to work during epidemics and provide appropriate working conditions.

scholarly journals “We All Held Our Own”: Job Demands and Resources at Individual, Leader, Group, and Organizational Levels During COVID-19 Outbreak in Health Care. A Multi-Source Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 216507992110384
Author(s):  
Davide Giusino ◽  
Marco De Angelis ◽  
Greta Mazzetti ◽  
Marit Christensen ◽  
Siw Tone Innstrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Group Leader ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Individual Group ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Job Demands And Resources

Background: Interventions tackling COVID-19 impact on health care workers’ mental health would benefit from being informed by validated and integrated assessment frameworks. This study aimed to explore the fitness of integrating the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model and the Individual-Group-Leader-Organization (IGLO) framework to investigate the pandemic’s impact on health care workers’ mental health. Methods: Qualitative data were collected via 21 semi-structured interviews with senior and middle managers and four focus groups with employees (doctors, nurses, health care assistants) from three areas (Department of Emergency, Department of Medicine, Research Institute of Neuroscience) of a large health care institution facing the first wave of COVID-19. NVivo deductive content analysis of text data was performed. Findings: Several COVID-19-related job demands and resources were found at IGLO levels. Individual-level demands included emotional load, while resources included resilience and motivation. Group-level demands included social distancing, while resources included team support and cohesion. Leader-level demands included managers’ workload, while resources included leader support. Organizational-level demands included work reorganization, while resources included mental health initiatives. Conclusions/Application to Practice: Integrating JD-R and IGLO proved feasible, as job demands and resources could be categorized according to the individual, group, leader, and organization framework. The findings expand previous studies by filling the lack of knowledge on how job demands and resources might unfold at different workplace levels during a pandemic. Results provide unit-level evidence for designing and implementing multilevel interventions to manage health care workers’ mental health during COVID-19 and future pandemics. Our findings offer occupational health practitioners a suitable approach to perform workplace mental health assessment activities.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health of the General Population, Students, and Health Care Workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Sankhi ◽  
Nirmal Raj Marasine
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
General Population ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Psychological Reactions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Impact

Background: The COVID-19 among humans is spreading heavily and is largely impacting the mental health of the general population, students, and health care workers worldwide. Hence, this review aims to summarize the literatures addressing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of the general population, students, and health care workers. Methods: Published articles concerning mental health of the general population, students, and health care workers related to the COVID-19 outbreak have been considered and reviewed. Results and discussion: Mental health symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression are common psychological reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population, students, and health care workers. This collectively influences daily behavior, economy, prevention strategies and decision making from policy makers and health organizations, weakening the strategies of COVID-19 control leading to more morbidity and mental health needs at the global level. Conclusion: There is a need for more evidence-based research from other affected countries, particularly in vulnerable populations such as children and adolescents, people of lower socioeconomic status, and those residing in rural areas, so that valid strategies can be developed and COVID-19 and outbreaks of similar types in the near future can be prevented

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document