Fat-free mass and gender influences the rapid-phase excess postexercise oxygen consumption

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda S. Lamont ◽  
Rochelle Romito ◽  
Karin Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Rapid Phase ◽  
Gender Dimorphism ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Influences ◽  
Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of gender dimorphism and body composition on postexercise oxygen consumption during the rapid recovery phase. We compared the rapid-phase excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) in men and women matched for age (32.1 years), physical activity status, and maximal oxygen consumption (44.7 mL·kg–1·min–1), but not for body mass or fat-free mass (FFM). All subjects exercised for 1 h at 50% of their peak capacity. Although there were differences between genders in the magnitude of the absolute oxygen consumption and EPOC during the rapid phase of recovery, there were no differences found when EPOC was corrected for FFM. We conclude that the gender differences in the absolute O2 consumption and EPOC are related to the size of the FFM.

Maximal Oxygen Consumption In Professional Firefighters Across Position And Gender

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S87
Author(s):  
Jeffrey T. Soukup ◽  
Timothy S. Maynard ◽  
Michael J. Webster ◽  
Edward P. Freeman ◽  
Janelle M. Hauser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
And Gender

THE FUNCTION OF MAXIMAL OXYGEN CONSUMPTION, JOB INTENSITY, SMOKING, AND GENDER ON WORK-RELATED INJURIES 199

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Eldridge ◽  
C. DiClemente ◽  
R. G. Frankeiwicz ◽  
J. J. Zhang ◽  
A. S. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Work Related ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Exercise-induced reversal of insulin resistance in obese elderly is associated with reduced visceral fat

2006 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 1584-1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie B. O’Leary ◽  
Christine M. Marchetti ◽  
Raj K. Krishnan ◽  
Bradley P. Stetzer ◽  
Frank Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Men And Women

Exercise improves glucose metabolism and delays the onset and/or reverses insulin resistance in the elderly by an unknown mechanism. In the present study, we examined the effects of exercise training on glucose metabolism, abdominal adiposity, and adipocytokines in obese elderly. Sixteen obese men and women (age = 63 ± 1 yr, body mass index = 33.2 ± 1.4 kg/m2) participated in a 12-wk supervised exercise program (5 days/wk, 60 min/day, treadmill/cycle ergometry at 85% of heart rate maximum). Visceral fat (VF), subcutaneous fat, and total abdominal fat were measured by computed tomography. Fat mass and fat-free mass were assessed by hydrostatic weighing. An oral glucose tolerance test was used to determine changes in insulin resistance. Exercise training increased maximal oxygen consumption (21.3 ± 0.8 vs. 24.3 ± 1.0 ml·kg−1·min−1, P < 0.0001), decreased body weight ( P < 0.0001) and fat mass ( P < 0.001), while fat-free mass was not altered ( P > 0.05). VF (176 ± 20 vs. 136 ± 17 cm2, P < 0.0001), subcutaneous fat (351 ± 34 vs. 305 ± 28 cm2, P < 0.03), and total abdominal fat (525 ± 40 vs. 443 ± 34 cm2, P < 0.003) were reduced through training. Circulating leptin was lower ( P < 0.003) after training, but total adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor-α remained unchanged. Insulin resistance was reversed by exercise (40.1 ± 7.7 vs. 27.6 ± 5.6 units, P < 0.01) and correlated with changes in VF ( r = 0.66, P < 0.01) and maximal oxygen consumption ( r = −0.48, P < 0.05) but not adipocytokines. VF loss after aerobic exercise training improves glucose metabolism and is associated with the reversal of insulin resistance in older obese men and women.

Comparison of leucine kinetics in endurance-trained and sedentary humans

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 320-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda S. Lamont ◽  
Arthur J. McCullough ◽  
Satish C. Kalhan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leucine Oxidation ◽  
Leucine Kinetics

Whole body leucine kinetics was compared in endurance-trained athletes and sedentary controls matched for age, gender, and body weight. Kinetic studies were performed during 3 h of rest, 1 h of exercise (50% maximal oxygen consumption), and 2 h of recovery. When leucine kinetics were expressed both per unit of body weight and per unit of fat-free mass, both groups demonstrated an increase in leucine oxidation during exercise ( P < 0.01). Trained athletes had a greater leucine rate of appearance during exercise and recovery compared with their sedentary counterparts ( P < 0.05) and an increased leucine oxidation at all times on the basis of body weight ( P < 0.05). However, all of these between-group differences were eliminated when leucine kinetics were corrected for fat-free tissue mass. Therefore, correction of leucine kinetics for fat-free mass may be important when cross-sectional investigations on humans are performed. Furthermore, leucine oxidation, when expressed relative to whole-body oxygen consumption during exercise, was similar between groups. It is concluded that there was no difference between endurance-trained and sedentary humans in whole body leucine kinetics during rest, exercise, or recovery when expressed per unit of fat-free tissue mass.

Assessment of the degradation of thyroid hormones in man during bed rest

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Balsam ◽  
L. E. Leppo
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Physical Deconditioning

The effect of bed rest on the absolute turnover rates of thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), was evaluated in man. Bed rest resulted in physical deconditioning, measured by a decreased rate of maximal oxygen consumption; physical deconditioning was associated with no significant alterations in the metabolic clearance of T4 and T3. Plasma concentrations of these iodothyronines were not changed as a result of bed rest. Absolute hormone turnover rates were similar in control and bed-rest subjects. The data suggest that the degradation of thyroid hormones is not influenced by physical deconditioning or hypodynamia.

Maximal Oxygen Consumption In Professional Firefighters Across Position And Gender

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S87
Author(s):  
Jeffrey T. Soukup ◽  
Timothy S. Maynard ◽  
Michael J. Webster ◽  
Edward P. Freeman ◽  
Janelle M. Hauser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
And Gender

Predictors of cardiovascular fitness in sedentary men

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Ève Riou ◽  
Étienne Pigeon ◽  
Josée St-Onge ◽  
Angelo Tremblay ◽  
André Marette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle

The relative contribution of anthropometric and skeletal muscle characteristics to cardiorespiratory fitness was studied in sedentary men. Cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen consumption) was assessed using an incremental bicycle ergometer protocol in 37 men aged 34–53 years. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsy samples were used to assess fiber type composition (I, IIA, IIX) and areas, capillary density, and activities of glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolic pathway enzymes. Correlations (all p < 0.05) were observed between maximal oxygen consumption (L·min–1) and body mass (r = 0.53), body mass index (r = 0.39), waist circumference (r = 0.34), fat free mass (FFM; r = 0.68), fat mass (r = 0.33), the enzyme activity of cytochrome c oxidase (COX; r = 0.39), muscle type IIA (r = 0.40) and IIX (r = 0.50) fiber area, and the number of capillaries per type IIA (r = 0.39) and IIX (r = 0.37) fiber. When adjusted for FFM in partial correlations, all correlations were lost, with the exception of COX (r = 0.48). Stepwise multiple regression revealed that maximal oxygen consumption was independently predicted by FFM, COX activity, mean capillary number per fiber, waist circumference, and, to a lesser extent, muscle capillary supply. In the absence of regular physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly predicted by the potential for aerobic metabolism of skeletal muscle and negatively correlated with abdominal fat deposition.

Comparison of energy expenditure elevations after submaximal and supramaximal running

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Laforgia ◽  
R. T. Withers ◽  
N. J. Shipp ◽  
C. J. Gore
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Oxygen Cost ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Total Oxygen ◽  
Rest Periods ◽  
Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Continuous Running

Laforgia, J., R. T. Withers, N. J. Shipp, and C. J. Gore.Comparison of energy expenditure elevations after submaximal and supramaximal running. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(2): 661–666, 1997.—Although exercise intensity has been identified as a major determinant of the excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), no studies have compared the EPOC after submaximal continuous running and supramaximal interval running. Eight male middle-distance runners [age = 21.1 ± 3.1 (SD) yr; mass = 67.8 ± 5.1 kg; maximal oxygen consumption (V˙o 2 max) = 69.2 ± 4.0 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1] therefore completed two equated treatments of treadmill running (continuous running: 30 min at 70%V˙o 2 max; interval running: 20 × 1-min intervals at 105%V˙o 2 max with intervening 2-min rest periods) and a control session (no exercise) in a counterbalanced research design. The 9-h EPOC values were 6.9 ± 3.8 and 15.0 ± 3.3 liters ( t-test: P = 0.001) for the submaximal and supramaximal treatments, respectively. These values represent 7.1 and 13.8% of the net total oxygen cost of both treatments. Notwithstanding the higher EPOC for supramaximal interval running compared with submaximal continuous running, the major contribution of both to weight loss is therefore via the energy expended during the actual exercise.

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