Peak Oxygen Consumption and Ventilatory Thresholds on Six Modes of Exercise

In order to compare responses on six modes of exercise for maximal oxygen consumption [Formula: see text] and ventilatory thresholds (VT-I, VT-2), 10 male recreational exercisers (23 ± 3 yrs) completed incremental maximal tests on treadmill, stationary skier, shuffle skier, stepper, stationary cycle, and rower. After extensive habituation, [Formula: see text], VT-1, and VT-2 were determined during each maximal bout. A MANOVA followed by ANOVAs, Tukey post hoc tests, and noncentral F tests indicated that the treadmill elicited a significantly higher peak oxygen consumption than did the other modes, and the skier and stepper values were higher than the rower. [Formula: see text] at VT-1 was higher on the treadmill than cycle. The treadmill also elicited a higher [Formula: see text] at VT-2 than the shuffle skier, cycle, and rower. However, no differences were observed among modes for VT-1 and VT-2 when expressed as a percentage of [Formula: see text]. These results suggest that the treadmill elicits a higher aerobic capacity measure than other modes, but the ventilatory threshold responses [Formula: see text] are similar among modes. Key words: exercise mode, aerobic capacity, lactate threshold

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β-Adrenergic receptor number in human lymphocytes is inversely correlated with aerobic capacity

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1998.274.6.e1106 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 274 (6) ◽

pp. E1106-E1112 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nobuharu Fujii ◽

Sachiko Homma ◽

Fumio Yamazaki ◽

Ryoko Sone ◽

Takeshi Shibata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Aerobic Capacity ◽

Adrenergic Receptor ◽

Ventilatory Threshold ◽

Human Lymphocytes ◽

Mrna Level ◽

Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽

Subsequent Degradation ◽

Intracellular Compartments ◽

Model Cell

In the present study, the relationships between β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) expression and aerobic capacity evaluated by maximal oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]) and oxygen consumption level at ventilatory threshold (V˙o 2@VT) were investigated. Seventeen physically untrained and 25 trained men participated in the study. After supine resting, the peripheral blood was sampled for preparation of lymphocytes, the model cell used to analyze the β-AR state. The total number of β-AR in lymphocytes (β-ARtotal) was inversely correlated with theV˙o 2 max( r = −0.368; P < 0.05) and theV˙o 2@VT ( r = −0.359; P < 0.05). Similar relationships were also observed between the number of β-AR in cell surface and both V˙o 2 max( r = −0.491; P < 0.05) andV˙o 2@VT ( r = −0.498; P < 0.05). However, no correlation was obtained between the number of β-AR in intracellular compartments and eitherV˙o 2 max orV˙o 2@VT. The β2-AR mRNA level quantified by the use of competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was inversely correlated withV˙o 2@VT ( r = −0.567; P < 0.05) and positively correlated with β-ARtotal( r = 0.521; P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the β-AR number in lymphocytes is inversely correlated with aerobic capacity. This relationship may be explained by downregulation of β-AR, including internalization with subsequent degradation of the receptors and inhibition of the β-AR biosynthesis.

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Aerobic capacity and respiratory patterns are better in recreational basketball-engaged university students than age-matched untrained males

Biomedical Human Kinetics ◽

10.2478/bhk-2021-0014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 111-120

Author(s):

Mladen Mikić ◽

Marko D.M. Stojanović ◽

Aleksandra Milovančev ◽

Tatjana Miljković ◽

Marija Bjelobrk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Oxygen Consumption ◽

University Students ◽

Aerobic Capacity ◽

Ventilatory Threshold ◽

Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽

Body Height ◽

Time To Exhaustion ◽

Respiratory Parameters ◽

Recreational Basketball

Abstract Study aim: To asses and compare the aerobic capacity and respiratory parameters in recreational basketball-engaged university students with age-matched untrained young adults. Material and methods: A total of 30 subjects were selected to took part in the study based on recreational-basketball activity level and were assigned to a basketball (BG: n = 15, age 22.86 ± 1.35 yrs., body height 185.07 ± 5.95 cm, body weight 81.21 ± 6.15 kg) and untrained group (UG: n = 15, age 22.60 ± 1.50 yrs., body height 181.53 ± 6.11 cm, body weight 76.89 ± 7.30 kg). Inspiratory vital capacity (IVC), forced expiration volume (FEV1), FEV1/IVC ratio, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), ventilatory threshold (VO2VT) and time to exhaustion, were measured in all subjects. Student T-test for independent Sample and Cohen’s d as the measure of the effect size were calculated. Results: Recreational basketball-engaged students (EG) reached significantly greater IVC (t = 7.240, p < 0.001, d = 1.854), FEV1 (t = 10.852, p < 0.001, d = 2.834), FEV1/IVC ratio (t = 6.370, p < 0.001, d = 3.920), maximal oxygen consumption (t = 9.039, p < 0.001, d = 3.310), ventilatory threshold (t = 9.859, p < 0.001, d = 3.607) and time to exhaustion (t = 12.361, p < 0.001, d = 4.515) compared to UG. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to recreational basketball leads to adaptive changes in aerobic and respiratory parameters in male university students.

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Ventilatory threshold may be a more specific measure of aerobic capacity than peak oxygen consumption rate in persons with stroke

Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation ◽

10.1080/10749357.2016.1209831 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 149-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Pierce Boyne ◽

Darcy Reisman ◽

Michael Brian ◽

Brian Barney ◽

Ava Franke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Aerobic Capacity ◽

Oxygen Consumption Rate ◽

Consumption Rate ◽

Ventilatory Threshold ◽

Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽

Specific Measure

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Maximal Fat Oxidation: Comparison between Treadmill, Elliptical and Rowing Exercises

Journal of Sports Science and Medicine ◽

10.52082/jssm.2021.170 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 170-178

Author(s):

Michelle Filipovic ◽

Stephanie Munten ◽

Karl-Heinz Herzig ◽

Dominique D. Gagnon

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽

Blood Gases ◽

Fat Oxidation ◽

Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽

Whole Body ◽

Mixed Venous Blood ◽

Exercise Modality ◽

Maximal Fat Oxidation

Fat oxidation during exercise is associated with cardio-metabolic benefits, but the extent of which whole-body exercise modality elicits the greatest fat oxidation remains unclear. We investigated the effects of treadmill, elliptical and rowing exercise on fat oxidation in healthy individuals. Nine healthy males participated in three, peak oxygen consumption tests, on a treadmill, elliptical and rowing ergometer. Indirect calorimetry was used to assess maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2peak), maximal fat oxidation (MFO) rates, and the exercise intensity MFO occurred (Fatmax). Mixed venous blood was collected to assess lactate and blood gases concentrations. While V̇O2peak was similar between exercise modalities, MFO rates were higher on the treadmill (mean ± SD; 0.61 ± 0.06 g·min-1) compared to both the elliptical (0.41 ± 0.08 g·min-1, p = 0.022) and the rower (0.40 ± 0.08 g·min-1, p = 0.017). Fatmax values were also significantly higher on the treadmill (56.0 ± 6.2 %V̇O2peak) compared to both the elliptical (36.8 ± 5.4 %V̇O2peak, p = 0.049) and rower (31.6 ± 5.0 %V̇O2peak, p = 0.021). Post-exercise blood lactate concentrations were also significantly lower following treadmill exercise (p = 0.021). Exercising on a treadmill maximizes fat oxidation to a greater extent than elliptical and rowing exercises, and remains an important exercise modality to improve fat oxidation, and consequently, cardio-metabolic health.

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Performance Effects of Carbohydrate Ingestion Between Bouts of Intense Aerobic Interval Exercise

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2019-0239 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 262-267

Author(s):

Devin G. McCarthy ◽

Lawrence L. Spriet

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽

Trial Duration ◽

Carbohydrate Ingestion ◽

Subsequent Performance ◽

Performance Effects ◽

Improved Performance ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Glycogen Stores

Background: Rest between training sessions can be short for athletes. In these situations, consuming carbohydrate (CHO) postexercise replenishes glycogen stores, which is important for recovery and subsequent performance. Purpose: This study tested whether CHO intake during a 2-hour rest between exercise bouts improved performance in the subsequent bout. Methods: In a randomized, single-blinded, crossover design, 10 recreationally active participants (23 [4] y, 70.8 [6.6] kg, 47.0 [5.4] mL·O2·min−1·kg·body·mass−1) arrived at the lab postprandial and completed 2 exercise bouts separated by a 2-hour rest. Bouts included 5 × 4-minute intervals at ∼80% peak oxygen consumption separated by 2 minutes at ∼40% peak oxygen consumption and ended with an endurance trial to voluntary exhaustion at ∼90% peak oxygen consumption. During intervals 1 and 4 in each bout, expired gases were collected and O2 deficit was estimated. Immediately following bout 1, either a CHO (1.2 g CHO·kg·body·mass−1) or placebo solution was consumed. Results: Endurance trial duration decreased in bout 2 versus 1 in both conditions (P < .01) but was ∼35% longer in bout 2 with CHO versus placebo (interaction, P = .03; post hoc, P = .03). Oxygen uptake increased during interval 4 versus 1 in both bouts (P < .01) but was unaffected by CHO (P ≥ .58). O2 deficit was unaffected by CHO (P = .93), bout, or interval (P ≥ .15). Perceived exertion was higher in bout 2 versus 1 (P < .001) and reduced in intervals 2 and 4 in CHO (P ≤ .01). Conclusions: When rest between training sessions is 2 hours, athletes may improve subsequent performance by consuming CHO during recovery.

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Maximal and submaximal aerobic fitness in postmenopausal women: influence of hormone-replacement therapy

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h08-070 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 922-928 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Liza Stathokostas ◽

John M. Kowalchuk ◽

Robert J. Petrella ◽

Donald H. Paterson

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽

Replacement Therapy ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Body Mass ◽

Aerobic Fitness ◽

Ventilatory Threshold ◽

Hormone Replacement ◽

Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽

Fitness Parameters

The purpose of this study was to examine whether maximal and submaximal aerobic fitness parameters (peak oxygen consumption and ventilatory threshold, respectively) are affected by hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) in moderately active postmenopausal women. Forty healthy, active, postmenopausal women (21 taking HRT, mean age 62 ± 5 years; 19 not taking HRT, mean age 62 ± 7 years) met the peak oxygen consumption criteria during a cycle ergometer test (15 W ramp) and achieved volitional fatigue. Breath-by-breath measurement was used to determine peak oxygen consumption and to estimate ventilatory threshold. There were no differences in characteristics (age, body mass, height, body mass index, leisure-time physical activity) between the non-HRT and HRT groups, nor were there any differences in responses to maximal exercise, with an observed peak oxygen consumption (mL·kg–1·min–1) of 22.9 ± 3.8 in the non-HRT group and 22.0 ± 4.7 in the HRT group. There was also no difference in submaximal aerobic capacity, with ventilatory threshold values (mL·kg–1·min–1) of 16.7 ± 3.4 in the non-HRT group and 15.6 ± 3.2 in the HRT group. In a sample of healthy moderately active postmenopausal women, there was no difference in maximal or submaximal aerobic fitness parameters beteen the HRT and non-HRT groups.

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Relationship between VO2max, under Water Swim Testing and Artistic Swim Solo Performance

Sports Medicine International Open ◽

10.1055/a-1089-5051 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (01) ◽

pp. E27-E31

Author(s):

Eric Viana ◽

David J Bentley ◽

Heather M. Logan-Sprenger

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Ventilatory Threshold ◽

Important Determinant ◽

Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽

Solo Performance ◽

Performance Score ◽

Swim Test ◽

And Performance ◽

The Relationship

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between: 1) laboratory-determined cycling peak oxygen consumption (VO2max) and AS performance in a new underwater swim test (UWST), and 2) cycling VO2max and ventilatory threshold (VT) in cycling and performance score during a simulated AS solo routine. Trained artistic swimmers (n=15, 15.8±0.8 yrs., height: 169.1±5.4 cm, body mass: 57.1±6.3 kg) completed (1) a maximal incremental cycle test to exhaustion to determine VO2max, (2) the UWST which comprised 275 m of freestyle and underwater breaststroke, and (3) a simulated solo competition where artistic swimming elements were evaluated by five FINA judges. There was a significant correlation between mean element score and (i) VO2max (48±4 mL. kg.min−1, r=0.44, p=0.05), and (ii) UWST (r=−0.64, p=0.005). However, there was an insignificant relationship between cycling ventilatory threshold and mean element score (r=–0.36, p=0.10). In addition, the results demonstrate a significant relationship between HR at the ventilatory threshold and peak HR of the UWST (r=–0.64, p=0.014). The results of this study demonstrate that VO2max is an important determinant of AS performance. In addition, the UWST appears to be a useful indicator of AS performance.

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The acute physiological and perceptual effects of recovery interval intensity during cycling-based high-intensity interval training

European Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1007/s00421-020-04535-x ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Christopher R. J. Fennell ◽

James G. Hopker

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

High Intensity ◽

Lactate Threshold ◽

Interval Training ◽

Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Active Recovery ◽

Recovery Interval ◽

High Intensity Interval

Abstract Purpose The current study sought to investigate the role of recovery intensity on the physiological and perceptual responses during cycling-based aerobic high-intensity interval training. Methods Fourteen well-trained cyclists ($$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$ V ˙ O 2peak : 62 ± 9 mL kg−1 min−1) completed seven laboratory visits. At visit 1, the participants’ peak oxygen consumption ($$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$ V ˙ O 2peak ) and lactate thresholds were determined. At visits 2–7, participants completed either a 6 × 4 min or 3 × 8 min high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol with one of three recovery intensity prescriptions: passive (PA) recovery, active recovery at 80% of lactate threshold (80A) or active recovery at 110% of lactate threshold (110A). Results The time spent at > 80%, > 90% and > 95% of maximal minute power during the work intervals was significantly increased with PA recovery, when compared to both 80A and 110A, during both HIIT protocols (all P ≤ 0.001). However, recovery intensity had no effect on the time spent at > 90% $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$ V ˙ O 2peak (P = 0.11) or > 95% $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$ V ˙ O 2peak (P = 0.50) during the work intervals of both HIIT protocols. Session RPE was significantly higher following the 110A recovery, when compared to the PA and 80A recovery during both HIIT protocols (P < 0.001). Conclusion Passive recovery facilitates a higher work interval PO and similar internal stress for a lower sRPE when compared to active recovery and therefore may be the efficacious recovery intensity prescription.

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