Evaluation of the effectiveness of single-lane two-way traffic control at maintenance and reconstruction zones

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1217-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al-Kaisy ◽  
Eric Kerestes
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Stochastic Approach ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Zone Length ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Study Results

This paper presents a study on evaluating traffic control at single-lane closures on two-lane two-way highways. Four traffic control strategies were investigated by this study. Those strategies involved fixed-time control, fixed-queue control, "static optimum" or convoy rule, and adaptive control. Traffic control strategies were modeled using two approaches; a deterministic approach in spreadsheet application and a stochastic approach in microscopic traffic simulation. Parametric analyses were performed using several variables that are related to traffic control at this type of lane closure. Those variables involved work zone length, average speed at work zone, lost time, traffic level, directional split, and interruptions to traffic by movement of construction vehicle and (or) equipment into and out of the construction site. Study results suggest that significant savings in average delay can be accrued by using more advanced traffic control strategies. Those savings could be as high as 53% for the range of conditions investigated by this research.Key words: work zone, flaggers, adaptive control, simulation, optimization.

Work Zone Safety Performance: Comparison of Alternative Traffic Control Strategies

2017 ◽  
Vol 2617 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emira Rista ◽  
Timothy Barrette ◽  
Raha Hamzeie ◽  
Peter Savolainen ◽  
Timothy J. Gates
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Segment Length ◽  
Crash Rates ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lane Closures

Work zone temporary traffic control strategies generally affect both traffic safety and operations. However, there is a substantial gap in the knowledge base with respect to the safety impacts of various work zone characteristics. The Highway Safety Manual provides crash modification functions that account for the effects of project length and duration on crash frequency as compared with normal road operations. However, these methods do not allow for explicit comparisons of expected safety performance among different work or closure types. This research examined the safety impacts of various temporary traffic control strategies on freeways, including shoulder closures, lane closures, and lane shifts. Data were collected for the periods during which these treatments were in effect and during similar nonconstruction periods from the preceding year. Safety performance functions were estimated that account for segment length, duration, traffic volume, and closure type. Random parameter count data models were estimated to accommodate segment-specific temporal correlation and unobserved heterogeneity. Crash rates were shown to vary roughly in proportion to traffic volumes. In contrast, segment length and project duration showed inelastic effects; this finding implies that crash rates increase more rapidly in work zones that are shorter in length or duration. Single-lane closures, multilane closures, and lane shifts were associated with an increase in crashes, whereas shoulder closures did not show a significant difference compared with similar, non-work-zone conditions. Ultimately, the study results provide important information that can be used to assess the crash risk for various temporary traffic control strategies.

Easinet: Procedural Package for Development and Analysis of Intersection Control Strategies

1996 ◽  
Vol 1553 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Shahram Malek ◽  
Peter S. Parsonson ◽  
M. John Moskaluk ◽  
Hobih Chen
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Simulation Program ◽  
Signal Design ◽  
Knowledge Based System ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
System Module ◽  
User Access ◽  
Intersection Control

The purpose of the research was to investigate and develop a comprehensive tool to assist traffic engineers in the development and analysis of intersection control strategies. The interactive, microcomputer-based package developed as a result is called EASINET. EASINET consists of a number of tools, including a simulation program, an optimization-capacity analysis program, a knowledge-based system, and a number of support and utility programs. The simulation program is used to model the existing or projected traffic conditions and traffic control strategies. The knowledge-based system module is used to diagnose the problem and recommend solutions. The optimization model is used to perform the necessary computations, evaluate recommended solutions, and provide recommendations. EASINET guides a traffic engineer in designing traffic control strategies for fixed-time, noninterconnected intersections. The knowledge embedded in EASINET and its components is gathered from nationally accepted and respected human experts, publications, and programs. EASINET thereby gives the user access to accepted knowledge of confirmed practices in traffic signal design and operation. EASINET uses the results of the simulation component and capabilities of its components to identify locations with substandard performance, determine possible origins of the problem, generate and evaluate possible solutions to the problem, and make recommendations to the user for implementation. Using EASINET can enable this analysis procedure to be implemented more efficiently and effectively in a fraction of the time that would be required for an engineer to perform the analysis conventionally.

Design and Optimization of Urban Signal Fuzzy Controller Based on IQPSO

2014 ◽  
Vol 527 ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Xin Bi ◽  
Yun Xia Cao ◽  
Jin Song Du
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Traffic Signal ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Phase Switching ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Time Control

In order to overcome the shortcomings of traffic signal fixed-time control method, a fuzzy control algorithm for urban traffic signal is proposed. The signal phase switching order is adjustable. The improved quantum particle swarm optimization(QPSO) is also introduced to optimize fuzzy control rules of traffic signal controller. Take four-phase traffic signal commonly used in current practice for example. Compared with traffic signal fixed-time control and single fuzzy control method, the control method put forward in this paper can reduce the vehicles’ average delay time in junction. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is proved to be an effective and practicable method for urban traffic self-adaptive control.

Remote Simulation to Evaluate Real-Time Traffic Control Strategies

2000 ◽  
Vol 1727 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Lucas ◽  
Pitu B. Mirchandani ◽  
K. Larry Head
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Control System ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Remote Access ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Real Time Traffic

Simulation is a valuable tool for evaluating the effects of various changes in a transportation system. This is especially true in the case of real-time traffic-adaptive control systems, which must undergo extensive testing in a laboratory setting before being implemented in a field environment. Various types of simulation environments are available, from software-only to hardware-in-the-loop simulations, each of which has a role to play in the implementation of a traffic control system. The RHODES (real-time hierarchical optimized distributed effective system) real-time traffic-adaptive control system was followed as it progressed from a laboratory project toward actual field implementation. The traditional software-only simulation environment and extensions to a hardware-in-the-loop simulation are presented in describing the migration of RHODES onto the traffic controller hardware itself. In addition, a new enhancement to the standard software-only simulation that allows remote access is described. The enhancement removes the requirement that both the simulation and the traffic control scheme reside locally. This architecture is capable of supporting any traffic simulation package that satisfies specific input-output data requirements. This remote simulation environment was tested with several different types of networks and was found to perform in the same manner as its local counterpart. Remote simulation has all of the advantages of its local counterpart, such as control and flexibility, with the added benefit of distribution. This remote environment could be used in many different ways and by different groups or individuals, including state or local transportation agencies interested in performing their own evaluations of alternative traffic control systems.

scholarly journals Control Strategy Optimization for Two-Lane Highway Lane-Closure Work Zones

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua ◽  
Wang ◽  
Yu ◽  
Zhu ◽  
Wang
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Queue Length ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Delay Model ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
Two Phase

Traffic control is very important for two-lane highway lane-closure work zone traffic management. Control of the open lane’s right of way is very similar to that of a two-phase signalized intersection. Thus, four control strategies including flagger control, pre-timed control proposed by Schonfeld, pre-timed control proposed by Webster, and actuated control are employed for possible use at work zones. Two primary methodologies, the mathematical delay model adopted from signalized intersections, and the simulation model calibrated with field data, are proposed. The simulation and mathematical results show that control strategies for two one-way road intersections could be used for two-lane highway lane-closure work zones. Flagger control after gap-out distance optimization prevails over all the other control strategies in terms of stopped delay, queue length, and throughput, under low or high volumes. Actuated control could be a good alternative for work zone areas due to its small queue length and large vehicle throughput under moderate volume conditions. Our findings may help to optimize the work-zone control strategy and improve operational efficiency at two-lane highway lane-closure work zones.

Application of Some Parameter Adaptive Control Algorithms in Machining

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Elbestawi ◽  
Y. Mohamed ◽  
L. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
System Response ◽  
Nonlinear Controller ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Process Dynamics ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Oscillatory Response ◽  
Parameter Adaptive

Several parameter adaptive control strategies are applied to the problem of regulating cutting forces in end milling under varying cutting conditions. These strategies are shown, using real time control experiments, to be stable with good performance characteristics. It is also shown that the oscillatory response of the adaptive control (AC) system at low feedrates can be substantially improved using a nonlinear controller. Finally, the effect of cutter flexibility on the AC system response is investigated. It is concluded that a first-order model is adequate to represent the cutting process dynamics for a certain range of cutter stiffness.

scholarly journals Long-term evaluation of the operational performance of fixed time ramp metering control strategy: a freeway corridor study

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 910-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Osman ◽  
Julius Codjoe ◽  
Sherif Ishak ◽  
Jose Rodriguez ◽  
Marlene Russell
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Ramp Metering ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Before And After

Ramp metering is one of the successful active traffic control strategies to control traffic flow at entry points to freeways. This study evaluates the effectiveness of fixed-time ramp metering control strategy on the day-to-day operation of traffic over two segments (easternmost and westernmost) of the I-12 corridor in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Detector speeds and volumes were collected over 11 months and used to generate three performance measures, speed, travel time, and level of service to compare traffic conditions before and after the deployment of ramp meters. Comparative analysis, comprising statistical analysis, analysis of travel time savings, and level of service were then undertaken for traffic conditions before and after ramp meters installation. Overall, the results show some improvements in traffic conditions in the eastbound direction of the westernmost segment; however, the conditions slightly deteriorated on the westbound of the same segment. For the easternmost segment of I-12, no improvement was detected.

scholarly journals Traffic Signal Control with Connected Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah J. Goodall ◽  
Brian L. Smith ◽  
B. Brian Park
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Traffic Signal Control ◽  
Connected Vehicles ◽  
Microscopic Simulation ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Vehicle Information

The operation of traffic signals is currently limited by the data available from traditional point sensors. Point detectors, often in-ground inductive loop sensors, can provide only limited vehicle information at a fixed location. The most advanced adaptive control strategies are often not implemented in the field due to their operational complexity and high-resolution detection requirements. However, a new initiative known as connected vehicles would allow for the wireless transmission of vehicles’ positions, headings, and speeds to be used by the traffic controller. A new traffic control algorithm, the predictive microscopic simulation algorithm (PMSA), was developed in this research to utilize these new, more robust data. The decentralized, fully adaptive traffic control algorithm uses a rolling horizon strategy, where the phasing is chosen to optimize an objective function over a 15-second period in the future. The objective function uses either delay-only, or a combination of delay, stops, and decelerations. To measure the objective function, the algorithm uses a microscopic simulation driven by present vehicle positions, headings, and speeds. Unlike most adaptive control strategies, the algorithm is relatively simple, does not require point detectors or signal-to-signal communication, and is completely responsive to immediate vehicle demands. To ensure drivers’ privacy, the algorithm stores no memory of individual or aggregate vehicle locations. Results from simulation show that the algorithm maintains or improves performance compared to a state-of-practice coordinated-actuated timing plan optimized by Synchro at low- and mid-level volumes, but performance worsens during saturated and oversaturated conditions. Testing also showed improved performance during periods of unexpected high demand and the ability to automatically respond to year-to-year growth without retiming.

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