The significance of antibody to the psittacosis–L.G.V. group antigen

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1173-1178
Author(s):  
H. Wyman ◽  
C. Rigby ◽  
J. C. Wilt ◽  
J. A. Hildes
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
The North ◽  
Antigen Present ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Animal Reservoirs

Antibody to the psittacosis–lymphogranuloma venereum (psittacosis–L.G.V.) group antigen was present in 88% of serum samples collected in 1967 from 100 persons at Eskimo Point, Northwest Territories (N.W.T.), thus confirming previous reports of a high incidence of this antibody in Northern residents. The present study to determine the significance of these antibodies, excluded the possibility that they had been formed in response to a heterophile antigen present in bacteria, rickettsia, or egg yolk, While the sera of Manitobans that reacted with the group antigen also reacted with a specially prepared specific antigen of psittacosis, none of the Eskimo sera that reacted with the group antigen reacted with the specific antigens prepared from psittacosis or meningopneumonitis. The antibody against the group antigen was totally adsorbed with live meningopneumonitis group antigen. These findings, plus the fact that some chlamydial diseases do not occur in the North, and that the animal reservoirs of other chlamydia do not exist in the North, limit the possible causative agents of these antibodies to ornithosis, human pneumonitis, and animal pneumonitis. Evidence suggests that a unique, endemic chlamydial agent stimulated the production of these antibodies; further work will be required to determine which particular member of the chlamydial group is responsible, and to demonstrate its reservoir.

Survey of Japanese Layer Farms for Salmonella Enteritidis with Vaccination- and Infection-Specific Antigens for Egg Yolk Antibodies

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. MIZUMOTO ◽  
Y. TOYOTA-HANATANI ◽  
K. SASAI ◽  
H. TANI ◽  
T. EKAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Egg Yolk Antibodies ◽  
Elisa Titer ◽  
Specific Antigens

Japanese layer farms were surveyed for Salmonella Enteritidis vaccination and infection with specific antigens for egg yolk antibodies with the use of vaccination-specific antigen Salmonella Enteritidis FliC-specific 9-kDa polypeptide (SEP9) and infection-specific antigen deflagellated Salmonella Enteritidis whole cell (DEWC). The specific antibodies in eggs from 201 commercial layer farms throughout Japan were surveyed. The percentages of farm flocks with a mean enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) titer of over 0.1 were 56.2% (113 of 201) in DEWC-ELISA and 22.3% (45 of 201) in SEP9-ELISA. Flocks indicating high titers in SEP9-ELISA always showed high titers in DEWC-ELISA. Because both specific antibody titers of the vaccinated flocks monitored long term remained high throughout life, flocks with high titers of both ELISAs in this survey must be vaccinated. On the other hand, 34.3% (69 of 201) of flocks had high titers of DEWC-specific antibody alone. Because Salmonella Enteritidis infection induces the DEWC-specific antibody but not the SEP9-specific antibody, detecting only high ELISA titers of DEWC-specific antibody can be an effective monitoring tool for Salmonella Enteritidis exposure rather than vaccination. These results suggest that vaccination programs in Japanese layer farms would be insufficient to control Salmonella Enteritidis infection, and egg screening to detect specific antibodies would be valuable in obtaining the necessary information to control Salmonella Enteritidis infection.

CHANGES IN ANTIGENICITY OF THE BRAIN OF THE CHICK EMBRYO

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. McCallion ◽  
J. C. Trott
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Embryonic Brain ◽  
Chicken Serum ◽  
Immunoelectrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Embryonic Antigens ◽  
Antigen Present ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Embryo Brain

Antiserum against 9-day chick embryo brain was obtained in rabbits. After absorption on chicken serum this antiserum was used in immunoelectrophoretic analysis of the brain of the developing chick. Several embryonic antigens common to all tissues that disappear at hatching were detected. Three adult neural-specific antigens were revealed. At least one neural-specific antigen, present in embryonic brain, disappears before hatching.

scholarly journals Development of Sensitive Immunoassays for Free and Total Human Glandular Kallikrein 2

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1607-1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ville Väisänen ◽  
Susann Eriksson ◽  
Kaisa K Ivaska ◽  
Hans Lilja ◽  
Martti Nurmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Human Kallikrein 2 ◽  
Kallikrein 2 ◽  
Capture Antibody ◽  
Total Psa

Abstract Background: Free and total human kallikrein 2 (hK2) might improve the discrimination between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Concentrations of hK2 are 100-fold lower than concentrations of prostate-specific antigen (PSA); therefore, an hK2 assay must have a low detection limit and good specificity. Methods: PSA- and hK2-specific monoclonal antibodies were used in solid-phase, two-site immunofluorometric assays to detect free and total hK2. The total hK2 assay used PSA-specific antibodies to block nonspecific signal. The capture antibody of the free hK2 assay did not cross-react with PSA. To determine the hK2 concentrations in the male bloodstream, total hK2 was measured in a control group consisting of 426 noncharacterized serum samples. Free and total hK2 were measured in plasma from 103 patients with confirmed prostate cancer. Results: All 426 males in the control group had a total hK2 concentration above the detection limit of 0.0008 μg/L. The median total hK2 concentration was 0.022 μg/L (range, 0.0015–0.37 μg/L). hK2 concentrations were 0.1–58% of total PSA (median, 3.6%). hK2 concentrations were similar in men 41–50 and 51–60 years of age. The ratio of hK2 to PSA steadily decreased from 5–30% at PSA <1 μg/L to 1–2% at higher PSA concentrations. In 103 patients with prostate cancer, the median hK2 concentration in plasma was 0.079 μg/L (range, 0.0015–16.2 μg/L). The median free hK2 concentration was 0.070 (range, 0.005–12.2) μg/L. The proportion of free to total hK2 varied from 17% to 131% (mean, 85%). Conclusions: The wide variation in the free-to-total hK2 ratio suggests that hK2 in blood plasma is not consistently in the free, noncomplexed form in patients with prostate cancer. The new assay is sufficiently sensitive to be used to study the diagnostic accuracies of free and total hK2 for prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Serological Assays for Identification of Human Gastric Colonization by Helicobacter pylori Strains Expressing VacA m1 or m2

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrabali Ghose ◽  
Guillermo I. Perez-Perez ◽  
Victor J. Torres ◽  
Marialuisa Crosatti ◽  
Abraham Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Secreted Protein ◽  
Gastric Epithelial Cells ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Development Of Gastric Cancer

ABSTRACT The Helicobacter pylori vacA gene encodes a secreted protein (VacA) that alters the function of gastric epithelial cells and T lymphocytes. H. pylori strains containing particular vacA alleles are associated with differential risk of disease. Because the VacA midregion may exist as one of two major types, m1 or m2, serologic responses may potentially be used to differentiate between patients colonized with vacA m1- or vacA m2-positive H. pylori strains. In this study, we examined the utility of specific antigens from the m regions of VacA as allele-specific diagnostic antigens. We report that serological responses to P44M1, an H. pylori m1-specific antigen, are observed predominantly in patients colonized with m1-positive strains, whereas responses to VacA m2 antigens, P48M2 and P55M2, are observed in patients colonized with either m1- or m2-positive strains. In an Asian-American population, serologic responses to VacA m region-specific antigens were not able to predict the risk of development of gastric cancer.

Differentiation of kidney antigens in the human foetus

Development ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-537
Author(s):  
Ewert Linder
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Mouse Kidney ◽  
Human Foetus ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Number Of Authors

The appearance of new antigens in the embryo during differentiation has been investigated by a number of authors. Among the proteins studied were myosin (Holtzer, 1961; Ebert, 1962), Jens crystallin (Ten Cate & Van Doorenmaalen, 1950), chick embryo haemoglobin (Wilt, 1962), and keratin during feather formation in chick embryo (Ben-Or & Bell, 1965). The development of liver proteins in the chick embryo was studied by D'Amelio, Mutolo & Piazza (1963). Okada & Sato (1963) and Okada (1965) studied the appearance of a ‘kidney-specific’ antigen in the developing mesonephros. Lahti & Saxen (1966) demonstrated the appearance of mouse kidney-specific tubule antigens during development both in vivo and in vitro. ‘Kidney-specific’ antigens are found in the metanephric proximal secreting tubules of various mammals (Hill & Cruickshank, 1953; Weiler, 1956; Groupe & Kaplan, 1967; Nairn, Ghose & Maxwell, 1967), including man (Nairn, Ghose, Fothergill & McEntegart, 1962), and in the mesonephric tubules of birds.

scholarly journals Quantification of a Proteotypic Peptide from Protein C Inhibitor by Liquid Chromatography–Free SISCAPA-MALDI Mass Spectrometry: Application to Identification of Recurrence of Prostate Cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1514-1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Razavi ◽  
Lisa DS Johnson ◽  
Julian J Lum ◽  
Gary Kruppa ◽  
N Leigh Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Biomarker Validation ◽  
Protein C Inhibitor ◽  
Proteotypic Peptide

BACKGROUND Biomarker validation remains one of the most challenging constraints to the development of new diagnostic assays. To facilitate biomarker validation, we previously developed a chromatography-free stable isotope standards and capture by antipeptide antibodies (SISCAPA)-MALDI assay allowing rapid, high-throughput quantification of protein analytes in large sample sets. Here we applied this assay to the measurement of a surrogate proteotypic peptide from protein C inhibitor (PCI) in sera from patients with prostate cancer. METHODS A 2-plex SISCAPA-MALDI assay for quantification of proteotypic peptides from PCI and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) was used to measure these peptides in 159 trypsin-digested sera collected from 51 patients with prostate cancer. These patients had been treated with radiation with or without neoadjuvant androgen deprivation. RESULTS Patients who experienced biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer showed decreased serum concentrations of the PCI peptide analyte within 18 months of treatment. The PCI peptide concentrations remained increased in the sera of patients who did not experience cancer recurrence. Prostate-specific antigen concentrations had no predictive value during the same time period. CONCLUSIONS The high-throughput, liquid chromatography–free SISCAPA-MALDI assay is capable of rapid quantification of proteotypic PCI and sTfR peptide analytes in complex serum samples. Decreased serum concentrations of the PCI peptide were found to be related to recurrence of prostate cancer in patients treated with radiation with or without hormone therapy. However, a larger cohort of patients will be required for unequivocal validation of the PCI peptide as a biomarker for clinical use.

scholarly journals A new Salmonella type possessing a hitherto undescribed non-specific antigen

1937 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip R. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
New Type ◽  
Specific Antigens

The designation, Newington, is proposed for those cultures ofS. anatumhaving the antigenic formula III XV:eh: 1, 4, 6. A new type, New Brunswick, is described which is represented by the formula III XV:lv: 1, 7 +. Attention is called to the inadequacy of the symbols currently employed in the representation of the non-specific antigens to express correctly the non-specific phases of the Nyborg and New Brunswick types.

Circulating filarial antigen detection in brugian filariasis

Parasitology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-357
Author(s):  
PRAVEEN KUMAR TRIPATHI ◽  
RAMESH CHANDER MAHAJAN ◽  
NANCY MALLA ◽  
ABHISHEK MEWARA ◽  
SHAILJA MISRA BHATTACHARYA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Worm ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Helminthic Infections ◽  
Filarial Antigen ◽  
Endemic Normal ◽  
Grade Iii ◽  
Antigen Reactivity ◽  
Circulating Filarial Antigen

SUMMARYHuman lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a major cause of disability globally. The success of global elimination programmes for LF depends upon effectiveness of tools for diagnosis and treatment. In this study on stage-specific antigen detection in brugian filariasis, L3, adult worm (AW) and microfilarial antigenaemia were detected in around 90–95% of microfilariae carriers (MF group), 50–70% of adenolymphangitis (ADL) patients, 10–25% of chronic pathology (CP) patients and 10–15% of endemic normal (EN) controls. The sensitivity of the circulating filarial antigen (CFA) detection in serum samples from MF group was up to 95%. In sera from ADL patients, unexpectedly, less antigen reactivity was observed. In CP group all the CFA positive individuals were from CP grade I and II only and none from grade III or IV, suggesting that with chronicity the AWs lose fecundity and start to disintegrate and die. Amongst EN subject, 10–15% had CFA indicating that few of them harbour filarial AWs, thus they might not be truly immune as has been conventionally believed. The specificity for antigen detection was 100% when tested with sera from various other protozoan and non-filarial helminthic infections.

scholarly journals STRUCTURE OF TYPE 5 ADENOVIRUS

1963 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley C. Wilcox ◽  
Harold S. Ginsberg
Keyword(s):  
Virus Particle ◽  
Density Gradient ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Equilibrium Density ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Virus Antigens

Type 5 adenovirus was purified by fluorocarbon (freon 113) treatment followed by banding in a CsCl equilibrium density gradient. This method permitted separation of virus from normal host cell materials and virus-specific soluble antigens. Virus banded in CsCl with a mean bouyant density of 1.3349 gm/cm3. The three virus-specific soluble antigens (group- and type-specific antigens and toxin) banded together with a mean bouyant density of 1.2832 gm/cm3. The group-specific antigen was the predominant antigen of the purified virus particle, whereas the group- and type-specific antigens were present in equal titers in the antigen band. Infectious virus particles were inactivated by prolonged dialysis at pH 10.5. Centrifugation of inactivated virus preparations in a CsCl equilibrium density gradient resulted in separation of virus DNA from specific antigen: the antigens banded with a mean bouyant density of 1.2832 gm/cm3 and the DNA sedimented to the bottom of the tube. The predominant antigen derived from purified virus particles was the group-specific antigen and it was in the same relative proportion to the type-specific antigen as measured in intact particles. The antigens derived from disrupted virus were immunologically identical with the soluble virus antigens present in infected cells.

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