Biodegradation rates of components of petroleum

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1209-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Walker ◽  
R. R. Colwell ◽  
L. Petrakis
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Computer Analysis ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Logarithmic Phase ◽  
Total Residue ◽  
Microbial Biodegradation ◽  
Maximum Decrease ◽  
South Louisiana

Rates of microbial biodegradation of components of South Louisiana crude oil were determined by computer analysis of data obtained from computerized mass spectrometry. Total residue of the oil decreased exponentially with time, with maximum decrease noted at logarithmic phase, whereas asphaltenes and resins increased at the logarithmic phase of growth. Saturates decreased continuously during growth. Microbial degradation of components of crude oil was concluded to be a dynamic process.

Biodegradation of petroleum by Chesapeake Bay sediment bacteria

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Walker ◽  
R. R. Colwell ◽  
L. Petrakis
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Contaminated Sediment ◽  
Saturated And Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Sediment Bacteria ◽  
South Louisiana

Chesapeake Bay sediment bacteria from oil-contaminated and oil-free environments were compared for their ability to utilize a South Louisiana crude oil. Preferential solubility, column chromatography, gas–liquid chromatography, and computerized mass spectrometry were used to provide new and useful information regarding biodegradation of fractions and components of the crude oil. Vibrio, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter spp. were isolated from the culture inoculated with oil-contaminated sediment, whereas coryneforms and Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from the culture inoculated with oil-free sediment. Microorganisms from the oil-free sediment produced greater quantities of polar n-pentane-insoluble components (asphaltenes) after degradation, whereas microorganisms from the oil-contaminated sediments provided greater degradation of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons.

Comparison of the biodegradability of crude and fuel oils

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Walker ◽  
L. Petrakis ◽  
R. R. Colwell
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Fuel Oils ◽  
Generic Composition ◽  
Low Sulfur ◽  
South Louisiana

Crude and fuel oils were compared for ability to support growth of a mixed population of estuarine bacteria. A total of four oils, two crude and two fuel oils, were examined. It was found that each of the oils supported a unique population of bacteria and yeasts, with respect to generic composition. Low-sulfur, high-saturate, South Louisiana crude oil was found to be highly susceptible to degradation. In contrast, the dense, high-sulfur, high-aromatic, Bunker C fuel oil was strongly refractory to microbial degradation.

Microbial petroleum degradation: application of computerized mass spectrometry

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1760-1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Walker ◽  
R. R. Colwell ◽  
L. Petrakis
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Detailed Characterization ◽  
Aromatic Components ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
South Louisiana

An analytical procedure is presented for obtaining detailed characterization of petroleum hydrocarbons which undergo microbial degradation. The procedure includes column chromatographic separation and characterization of the resulting fractions by mass spectrometry and gas chromatography. The use of computerized low-resolution mass spectrometry is offered as a method for assessing microbial degradation of petroleum. This method provides information which cannot, at the present time, be obtained by other available analytical methods. Use of this method to evaluate degradation of a South Louisiana crude oil by a mixed culture of estuarine bacteria revealed that asphaltenes and resins increased by 28% after degradation, while saturates and aromatics decreased by 83.4% and 70.5%, respectively. Most of the normal and branched-chain alkanes were degraded (96.4%), but an increase in long-chain alkanes (C28–C32) after degradation was observed by gas–liquid chromatography. Susceptibility of cycloalkanes to degradation was less as the structure varied, i.e., 6-ring > 1-ring > 2-ring > 3-ring > 5-ring > 4-ring. Susceptibility of aromatic components to degradation decreased with increase in the number of rings, viz., monoaromatics > diaromatics > triaromatics > tetraaromatics > pentaaromatics. Aromatic nuclei containing sulfur were twice as refractory as non-sulfur analogs.

A STUDY OF THE BIODEGRADATION OF A SOUTH LOUISIANA CRUDE OIL EMPLOYING COMPUTERIZED MASS SPECTROMETRY

1975 ◽  
Vol 1975 (1) ◽  
pp. 601-605
Author(s):  
J.D. Walker ◽  
R.R. Colwell ◽  
L. Petrakis
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
South Louisiana ◽  
Similar Growth

ABSTRACT Inocula from oil-contaminated Colgate Creek and oil-free Eastern Bay sediment produced similar growth on a South Louisiana crude oil The Colgate Creek inoculum was found to contain a wider variety of bacterial genera and to produce greater degradation of South Louisiana crude oil than the Eastern Bay sediment inocula. The resin fraction of the crude oil increased during growth and weathering. All of the hydrocarbon classes of the crude oil were susceptible to degradation by microorganisms present in the Colgate Creek inoculum, but not by those in the Eastern Bay samples.

Long-chain n-alkanes occurring during microbial degradation of petroleum

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 886-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Walker ◽  
R. R. Colwell
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Axenic Cultures ◽  
South Louisiana ◽  
Long Chain

Five axenic cultures and a mixed culture were examined for ability to degrade South Louisiana, Brass River Nigerian, Anaco Venezuelan, and Altamont crude oils. A wax was observed during microbial degradation of Altamont crude oil, but not during weathering of the oil. The high-boiling n-alkanes in the wax were associated with microbial degradation of the oil and appeared to be similar to components of tarballs found in the open ocean.

scholarly journals Stenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol isolated from crude oil contaminated soil in Mexico that can degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and its whole genome sequence analyzed

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temidayo O Elufisan ◽  
Isabel C Rodríguez-Luna ◽  
Omotayo O Oyedara ◽  
Alejandro Sánchez-Varela ◽  
Armando Hernandez Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Background: Stenotrophomonas are ubiquitous gram-negative bacteria which survive in a wide range of environments. They can use many substances for their growth and are known to be intrinsically resistant to many antimicrobial agents. They have been tested for biotechnological applications, bioremediation and antimicrobial agents because of their recalcitrant nature to many toxic compounds. Method. Stenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol was isolated from a crude oil contaminated soil. The capability of this isolate to tolerate and degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (anthracene, anthraquinone, biphenyl, naphthalene, phenanthrene, phenanthridine and xylene) was evaluated on Bush Nell Hass medium containing PAHs as the unique carbon sources. The metabolites formed after 30-day degradation of naphthalene by Pemsol were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopic (FTIR), Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Results. Complete degradation of naphthalene at a concentration of 1 mg/mL was obtained and a newly formed catechol peak obtained from the UPLC-MS and GC-MS confirmed the degradation. The strain Pemsol lacked the ability to produce biosurfactant so that it cannot bio-emulsify PAHs. The whole genome analysis of Stenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol revealed a wealth of genes for hydrocarbon utilization and interaction with the environment and the presence of 147 genes associated with the degradation of PAHs, some of which are strain-specific on the genomic islands. Few genes are associated with bio-emulsification indicated that Pemsol without biosurfactant production has a genetic basis. This is the first report of the complete genome analysis sequence of a PAH-degrading Stenotrophomonas. Stenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol possesses features that makes it a good bacterium for genetic engineering and will therefore be a good tool for the remediation of crude oil or PAH-contaminated soil.

Studying the fragmentation mechanism of selected components present in crude oil by collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (24) ◽  
pp. 2141-2151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Vetere ◽  
M. Wasim Alachraf ◽  
Saroj K. Panda ◽  
Jan T. Andersson ◽  
Wolfgang Schrader
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Collision Induced Dissociation ◽  
Fragmentation Mechanism
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