PROTON CONDUCTION IN LITHIUM HYDRAZINIUM SULPHATE, Li(N2H6)SO4

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1871-1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vanderkooy ◽  
J. D. Cuthbert ◽  
H. E. Petch
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Proton Conduction ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Electrical Charge ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Conduction Process

Electrical conductivity measurements have been made over a range of temperatures on single crystals of lithium hydrazinium sulphate. The d-c. conductivity was found to be markedly anisotropic with the direction of easiest conduction along the ferroelectric c axis. The protonic nature of the current carriers was established in an electrolysis experiment in which the evolution of hydrogen gas was found to be, after an initial time lag, directly proportional to the electrical charge transported across the crystal. The conduction process is discussed in terms of crystal structure and proton reorientations.

scholarly journals Analysis of X-ray structure, dielectric properties and AC conductivity of (4E)-2-amino-3-cyanobenzo[b]oxocin-6-one

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.A.M. Ali ◽  
Magdy A. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ac Electrical Conductivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Temperatures

AbstractThe crystal structure of (4E)-2-amino-3-cyanobenzo[b]oxocin-6-one, denoted as 4(E)-ACBO, was analyzed using X-ray diffraction technique. The dielectric and AC electrical conductivity measurements of the bulk 4(E)-ACBO in the form of pellet were studied in the range of frequency 42 Hz to 5 MHz and the temperature range of 303 K to 373 K. The temperature and frequency dependence of dielectric constant (∊1), dielectric loss (∊2) and AC electrical conductivity (σAC) were investigated. The relaxation time (τ) for electrons to hop over a barrier of height WH was calculated at different temperatures. The AC activation energy was determined from the temperature dependence of σAC at different frequencies.

Electrical conductivity measurements on pure and amino acids added triglycine sulphate phosphate single crystals

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 394-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.P Rajesh ◽  
C Mahadevan ◽  
P Santhana Raghavan ◽  
Yen-Chieh Huang ◽  
P Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Triglycine Sulphate

scholarly journals Optical and Electrical Conductivity Measurements of GLO Single Crystals for NLO Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Shankar ◽  
G. Anbazhagan ◽  
P.S. Joseph ◽  
T. Balakrishn
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Conductivity Measurements

scholarly journals DIELECTRIC MEASUREMENTS ON PURE AND KDP ADDED DISODIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE (DSHP) SINGLE CRYSTALS

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
J. Asbalter ◽  
S. Mugundakumari ◽  
N. Joseph John
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Parallel Plate Capacitor ◽  
Dc Conductivities ◽  
Increase With Increase ◽  
Experimental Tool

Electrical conductivity is an elegant experimental tool to probe the structural defects and internal purity of crystalline solids. In the present study we have grown pure and KDP added DSHP single crystals by the slow evaporation method from aqueous solutions at room temperature. Good quality transparent crystals have been obtained. Melting point and density measurements were done. Electrical conductivity measurements were carried out with two frequencies, 100 Hz and 1 kHz at various temperatures ranging from 2 to 30oC by using the parallel plate capacitor method. The present study indicate that the dielectric constant and AC and DC conductivities increase with increase of temperature.

Synthesis, crystal structure, and thermoelectric properties of a new layered carbide (ZrC)3[Al3.56Si0.44]C3

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 2888-2894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichiro Fukuda ◽  
Miyuki Hisamura ◽  
Yusuke Kawamoto ◽  
Tomoyuki Iwata
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Thermoelectric Properties ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Maximal Power ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reliability Indices

A new quaternary layered carbide, (ZrC)3[Al3.56Si0.44]C3, has been synthesized and characterized by x-ray powder diffraction and thermopower and electrical conductivity measurements. The crystal structure was successfully determined using direct methods and further refined by the Rietveld method. The crystal is trigonal (space group R3m*, Z = 3) with lattice dimensions a = 0.331389(7), c = 4.90084(7) nm, and V = 0.46610(1) nm3. The final reliability indices calculated from the Rietveld refinement were Rwp = 9.53% (S = 1.70), Rp = 7.22%, RB = 1.81%, and RF = 0.94%. The crystal structure is composed of the NaCl-type [Zr3C4] slabs separated by the Al4C3-type [Al0.89Si0.11C] layers. This material had thermoelectric properties comparable to the layered carbides (ZrC)2[Al3.56Si0.44]C3 (Zr2[Al3.56Si0.44]C5), (ZrC)2Al3C2, and (ZrC)3Al3C2 in the temperature range of 373–1273 K, with the maximal power-factor value of 6.6 × 10−5 W m−1K−2 at 545 K. The two quaternary carbides have been found to form a homologous series with the general formula of (ZrC)n[Al3.56Si0.44]C3 (n = 2 and 3).

Influence of annealing on the electrical conductivity of single crystals of Cu2O

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Weichman ◽  
R. Kužel
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Activation Energies ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Activation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Ranges

A series of conductivity measurements were made on single crystals of Cu2O from 20 to 840 °C to explain the various activation energies which appear at different temperatures and oxygen pressures. Crystals were annealed in the 10−8 and 10−4 Torr region in the stability ranges of Cu2O, Cu, and CuO at various temperatures. For the low-temperature activation energies ranging from 0.60 to 0.26 eV, an excellent agreement with the empirical Meyer–Neldel rule was found. The highest activation energy of 1.12 eV in the 570 to 680 °C range at 10−8 Torr is associated with the boundary between the two stable phases Cu and Cu2O. The changes in defect concentration are ascribed to the mechanism of self-compensation. The energy-level diagram proposed by Bloem is adequate to explain the present results.

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