Preferential acceleration of heavy ions from thermal velocities
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The acceleration of ions from thermal velocities is analyzed to determine conditions under which heavy ions can be preferentially accelerated. Two accelerating mechanisms involving high-and low-frequency hydromagnetic waves respectively are considered. Preferential acceleration of heavy ions occurs for high-frequency waves if the frequency spectrum falls off faster than (frequency)−1. For the low-frequency waves heavy ions are less effectively accelerated than lighter ions. However, very heavy ions can be preferentially accelerated, the abundances of the very heavy ions being enhanced by a factor Ai over the thermal abundances. Acceleration of ions in the envelope of the Crab nebula is considered as an example.
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1983 ◽
Vol 101
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pp. 499-501
1994 ◽
Vol 142
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pp. 797-806
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1968 ◽
Vol 39
(1)
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pp. 238-239
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2014 ◽
Vol 92
(6)
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pp. 476-480
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2012 ◽
Vol 42
(9)
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pp. 1524-1547
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