Foundation performance of Gardiner Dam

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 758-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Jaspar ◽  
N. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Shear Zones ◽  
Residual Shear Strength ◽  
Clay Shales ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Long Term Behavior ◽  
Overconsolidated Clay

Gardiner Dam is founded on a highly overconsolidated clay shale that had a profound influence on embankment design and performance. The shale contains preconstruction shear zones whose specific location, extent, and strength characteristics were virtually impossible to determine from test samples and soil logs. Analyses of slumped valley slopes and of shallow excavation slopes that moved during early stages of construction overestimated the strength of dormant shear zones that were activated during subsequent embankment construction. Major design modifications consisting of extensive slope flattening and toe-berm loading were undertaken to compensate for the weakness of the shear zones.About 2 m of foundation settlement and over 2 m of lateral displacement occurred under the central section of the 64 m high embankment during construction, but virtually none happened at the toe. Annual post construction increments of lateral displacement are related mainly to the yearly cyclic reservoir load. Although these deformations have decreased to the order of 2 cm/year, comprehensive monitoring and critical evaluation are maintained in order to ensure long-term safety and functional adequacy of the project.The design and construction of Gardiner Dam proceeded at the forefront of knowledge and understanding of the residual shear strength and behavior of highly overconsolidated clay shales. The construction and postconstruction performance of the foundation, which is described in this paper, indicates that much more information and research are needed to fully understand the long-term behavior of such materials.

scholarly journals Beyond brood: the potential impacts of insect growth disruptors on the long-term health and performance of honey bee colonies

Apidologie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia D. Fine ◽  
Vanessa Corby-Harris
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Insect Development ◽  
Insect Growth ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Critical Aspects

AbstractHoney bees are valued pollinators of agricultural crops, and heavy losses reported by beekeepers have spurred efforts to identify causes. As social insects, threats to honey bees should be assessed by evaluating the effects of stress on the long-term health and productivity of the entire colony. Insect growth disruptors are a class of pesticides encountered by honey bees that target pathways involved in insect development, reproduction, and behavior, and they have been shown to affect critical aspects of all three in honey bees. Therefore, it is imperative that their risks to honey bees be thoroughly evaluated. This review describes the effects of insect growth disruptors on honey bees at the individual and colony levels, highlighting hazards associated with different chemistries, and addresses their potential impacts on the longevity of colonies. Finally, recommendations for the direction of future research to identify strategies to mitigate effects are prescribed.

Long-Term Behavior and Performance of Ballastless Track Superstructure on China’s Suining-Chongqing Railway Line

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-song Lin ◽  
Xue-yi Liu ◽  
Hua Yan ◽  
Juan-Juan Ren
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ballastless Track ◽  
Design Speed ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Long Term Behavior

This paper briefly shows the experimental ballastless track section of Suining-Chongqing railway line in southwest China, which was designed by China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co. Ltd (CREEC) and was put into operation in 2007. The design speed of the experimental section amounts to 200 km/h for passenger trains and 120 km/h for freight trains, which is the first railway line built with such speed in southwest of China. The long-term observations of the performance of the ballastless track superstructures were implemented in the past three years, which are introduced in details in this paper, such as the performance of reinforced concrete slab with lattice two-block sleepers, coupled or uncoupled prefabricated slab-superstructure etc. Ballastless track superstructures’ damages are summarized and classified. In addition, causes of damaged cracks on track superstructure are discussed.

Design and planning of the balanced scorecard: A case study

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-227
Author(s):  
Ming-Hon Hwang ◽  
Hsin Rau
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Correct Process ◽  
The Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Strategy Planning ◽  
And Performance

In the industrial economy, evaluating company performance based on financial results was good enough. However, in the current globalized and highly competitive environment, maintaining long term competitiveness requires companies to engage in overall strategic planning and performance evaluation. The balanced scorecard is a tool or method for balancing an organization's performance and can react to situations where a company's direction becomes disoriented. This approach assists in strategy planning, process management, and performance evaluation from four perspectives, including financial, customer, internal process, and learning and growth. Good strategy planning provides companies with a correct management direction, correct process management ensures the efficient execution of plans, and correct performance evaluation illustrates the execution results. This study mainly focuses on how a large rubber company in Taiwan utilizes the balanced scorecard in its organization. As the technical perspective is important in the rubber keypad industry, besides the four above perspectives, this company has added the technical perspective. By introducing this company and its progress in implementing the balanced scorecard, this study hopes to provide other companies, especially rubber companies, with a planning direction and reference for the future implementation of the balanced scorecard.

Optimal adaptive inspection and maintenance for redundant systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 1748006X2110201
Author(s):  
Chaochao Lin ◽  
Matteo Pozzi
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Systems ◽  
Discounted Cost ◽  
Markov Decision ◽  
Inspection And Maintenance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Partially Observable ◽  
Series Systems ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Redundant Systems

Optimal exploration of engineering systems can be guided by the principle of Value of Information (VoI), which accounts for the topological important of components, their reliability and the management costs. For series systems, in most cases higher inspection priority should be given to unreliable components. For redundant systems such as parallel systems, analysis of one-shot decision problems shows that higher inspection priority should be given to more reliable components. This paper investigates the optimal exploration of redundant systems in long-term decision making with sequential inspection and repairing. When the expected, cumulated, discounted cost is considered, it may become more efficient to give higher inspection priority to less reliable components, in order to preserve system redundancy. To investigate this problem, we develop a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) framework for sequential inspection and maintenance of redundant systems, where the VoI analysis is embedded in the optimal selection of exploratory actions. We investigate the use of alternative approximate POMDP solvers for parallel and more general systems, compare their computation complexities and performance, and show how the inspection priorities depend on the economic discount factor, the degradation rate, the inspection precision, and the repair cost.

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