Role of the solvent in the oxidative process of a Hg electrode in the presence of thiopyrimidine derivatives

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 1132-1136
Author(s):  
Souad Bakari ◽  
Marco Borsari ◽  
Maria Cannio ◽  
Giovanna Gavioli ◽  
Antonio Ranieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Oxidative Process ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Adsorption Wave ◽  
Adsorption Phenomena ◽  
Solvent Properties

The electrochemical oxidation of a Hg electrode in the presence of thiopyrimidine derivatives has been investigated in a collection of organic solvents using voltammetric and polarographic techniques. Remarkable adsorption phenomena control the electrochemical process, which in all cases gives rise to a Hg(I) complex. The Laviron adsorption model is found to describe well the polarographic adsorption wave. Some correlations between adsorption parameters and solvent properties have also been observed and discussed.Key words: polarography, voltammetry, thiopyrimidine, solvent effect, adsorption.

scholarly journals Low-coherence photonic method of electrochemical processes monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kosowska ◽  
Paweł Jakóbczyk ◽  
Michał Rycewicz ◽  
Alex Vitkin ◽  
Małgorzata Szczerska
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Electrochemical Measurements ◽  
Boron Doped Diamond ◽  
Silica Substrate ◽  
Low Coherence ◽  
Optical Responses ◽  
Boron Doped ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Hybrid Characterization

AbstractWe present an advanced multimodality characterization platform for simultaneous optical and electrochemical measurements of ferrocyanides. Specifically, we combined a fiber-optic Fabry–Perot interferometer with a three-electrode electrochemical setup to demonstrate a proof-of-principle of this hybrid characterization approach, and obtained feasibility data in its monitoring of electrochemical reactions in a boron-doped diamond film deposited on a silica substrate. The film plays the dual role of being the working electrode in the electrochemical reaction, as well as affording the reflectivity to enable the optical interferometry measurements. Optical responses during the redox reactions of the electrochemical process are presented. This work proves that simultaneous opto-electrochemical measurements of liquids are possible.

scholarly journals Investigation of the role of the C-PCM solvent effect in reactivity indices

2005 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Ordon ◽  
Akitomo Tachibana
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Reactivity Indices

Solvent effect on the conformational behavior of substituted spiro[4.5]decanes and spiro[5.5]undecanes

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sağ Erdem ◽  
T. Varnali ◽  
V. Aviyente ◽  
M.F. Ruiz-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Multipole Moment ◽  
Semiempirical Methods ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Reaction Field ◽  
Solvent Models ◽  
Conformational Equilibria

We studied the relatively complex polar systems 6-substituted-1,4-dioxospiro[4.5]decanes and 7-substituted-1,5-dioxospiro[5.5]undecanes with substituents X = CH3, F, Cl, CN, OH, OCH3, and NO2. Solvent effects on the equilibrium have been analysed by means of a Self-Consistent-Reaction-Field model and the PM3 method. Complete geometry optimizations have been carried out for all the structures in the gas phase and in solution. For some substituents, a set of rotamers have been separately optimized. The discussion of the results is focussed on the effects arising from structural aspects and from steric and electrostatic interactions on the axial/equatorial relative stability. The role played by multipole moment is considered. In general, good agreement with available experimental data and with previous theoretical studies has been obtained. Though the use of semiempirical methods and simple solvent models prevents us from reaching definitive conclusions, this approach seems to be very useful in predicting the main role of solute–solvent interactions in conformational equilibria of complex systems for which ab initio calculations cannot be performed. Keywords: conformational equilibria, spiro decanes and undecanes, cavity model, SCRF, solvent effect, PM3 calculations.

Control of disinfection and halogenated disinfection byproducts by the electrochemical process

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.J. Jung ◽  
B.S. Oh ◽  
J.W. Kang ◽  
M.A. Page ◽  
M.J. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Haloacetic Acids ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Inactivation Kinetic ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Electrochemical Processes

The aim of this study was to investigate some aspects of the performance of electrochemical process as an alternative disinfection strategy, while minimising DBPs, for water purification. The study of electrochemical processes has shown free chlorine to be produced, but smaller amounts of stronger oxidants, such as ozone, hydrogen peroxide and OH radicals (•OH), were also generated. The formation of mixed oxidants increased with increasing electric conductivity, but was limited at conductivities greater than 0.6 mS/cm. Using several microorganisms, such as E. coli and MS2 bacteriophage, inactivation kinetic studies were performed. With the exception of free chlorine, the role of mixed oxidants, especially OH radicals, was investigated for enhancement of the inactivation rate. Additionally, the formation and reduction of DBPs was studied by monitoring the concentration of haloacetic acids (HAAs) during the process.

scholarly journals Elucidation and Characterization of New Chlorinated By-Products after Electrochemical Degradation of Hydrochlorothiazide Using Graphite–Poly Vinyl Chloride Electrode

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 540
Author(s):  
Zainab Mussa ◽  
Fouad Al-Qaim ◽  
Ali Yuzir ◽  
Hirofumi Hara ◽  
Shamila Azman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Negative Ionization ◽  
By Products

This paper describes an electrochemical treatment process of hydrochlorothiazide (HDZ) under different conditions such as initial concentration, sodium chloride and applied voltage. In this present study, HDZ was treated by electrochemical oxidation process using graphite-PVC composite electrode as anode and Platinum (Pt) as cathode. All results were analyzed using liquid chromatography-time of flight/mass spectrometry (LC-TOF/MS). It was found that at high applied voltages, and high amounts of NaCl, the electrochemical treatment process was more efficient. The removal% of HDZ was 92% at 5 V after 60 min. From the obtained results, the electrochemical oxidation process of HDZ followed pseudo first order with rate constant values ranged between 0.0009 and 0.0502 min−1, depending on the experimental conditions. Energy consumption was also considered in this study, it was ranged between 0.9058 and 5.56 Wh/mg using 0.5, 0.3 and 0.1 g NaCl within interval times of (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 min). Five chlorinated and one non-chlorinated by-products were formed and analyzed in negative ionization (NI) mode during the electrochemical process. Due to the strong oxidizing potential of the chlorine (Cl2) and hypochlorite ion (ClO−), HDZ and its by-products were removed after 140 min. Furthermore, a novel synthesis of chlorothiaizde as one of the new by-products was reported in this present study. Toxicity was impacted by the formation of the by-products, especially at 20 min. The inhibition percentage (I%) of E. coli bacteria was decreased to be the lowest value after 140 min.

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