Acid and alkaline treatments for enhancing the growth of rhizobia in sludge

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faouzi Ben Rebah ◽  
Rajeshwar D Tyagi ◽  
Danielle Prévost
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Original Sample ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Sludge Pretreatment ◽  
Secondary Sludge

Wastewater sludges have been proposed as an effective media for the production of rhizobia. The effect of total suspended solid (TSS) concentrations and pretreatments of sludge on the growth of Sinorhizobium meliloti were investigated. Acid (pH 2.0–6.0 obtained with H2SO4) and alkaline (50–200 mequiv.wt./L of NaOH) treatments were applied to enhance the biodegradability of primary (0.325%–3.2% TSS obtained by dilution of original sample) and secondary (0.2%–0.4% TSS obtained by concentration of original sample) sludges. In primary sludge without pretreatment, the highest cell count (11.10 × 109 cfu/mL) was obtained with 1.3% TSS. However, a maximum cell count of 13.00 × 109 cfu/mL was reached using an acid treatment of pH 2.0 and a 0.325% TSS concentration. Moreover, the alkaline treatment with 100 mequiv.wt./L of NaOH and 0.65% TSS increased the cell yield to 21.00 × 109 cfu/mL. For secondary sludge without pretreatment, no enhancement of growth was observed while increasing TSS concentration. This may be due to the increase of inhibitory substances, such as heavy metals, and of the Ca and Mg concentrations. As in primary sludge, some acid and alkaline treatments of secondary sludge tend to improve the cell count of S. meliloti. However, the highest value of 9.80 × 109 cfu/mL obtained with 0.4% TSS at pH 2.0 was lower than that obtained with primary sludge. It was also observed that S. meliloti grown in treated sludges maintained its capacity to nodulate alfalfa.Key words: wastewater sludge, rhizobium, inoculum, sludge pretreatment, nodulation.

scholarly journals Dissolved organic matter byproducts from combined low-level alkaline and mechanical treatment of sludge: species, and their bioavailability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Tian ◽  
Pengbo Jiao ◽  
Haoliang Lu ◽  
Yanbin Zhu ◽  
Sand Wolfgang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
Sludge Pretreatment ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Mechanical Cutting

Abstract Low-level alkalinity (pH 9–10) coupled with ultrasonic or mechanical cutting with different energy input for obtaining carbon sources were tested for sludge pretreatment process before anaerobic sludge digestion. The differences between the primary sludge (PS) and waste activated sludge (WAS)-derived DOM species were evaluated for their bioavailability and affinity (in the form of amino acids) to the bio-nutrient removal (BNR) biomass. Soluble microbial by-product-like substances as the predominant DOM components in the raw PS and WAS increased by 23 and 22%, respectively, after low-level alkaline treatment (pH 9–10) and ultrasonication. In addition, the protein components were degraded further as free amino acids (FAAs). The sludge-derived aspartate, glutamate, followed by arginine were most commonly used FAAs by the BNR biomass. The pattern of recovering this special sludge-derived carbon source to enhance P removal and recovery in the BNR process is depicted.

Wastewater Sludge as a New Medium for Rhizobial Growth

2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faouzi Ben Rebah ◽  
Rajeshwar D. Tyagi ◽  
Danielle Prévost ◽  
Rao Y. Surampalli
Keyword(s):  
Generation Time ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract The objective of this study was to demonstrate that municipal and industrial wastewater sludges could be used as a sole raw material to sustain growth of rhizobia. Growth of two different groups of rhizobium (fast growing: Sinorhizobium meliloti, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv viciae; and slow growing: Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Bradyrhizobium elkanii) was tested on primary, secondary and mixed sludges obtained from different wastewater treatment plants. The results obtained in Erlenmeyer flasks indicated that slow- and fast-growing rhizobia grew well in sludge. Generally, the number of cells of rhizobia exceeds 1 × 109 cfu/mL in 72 h. The composition of sludges varies with the sludge type and origin. The sludge composition affected the generation time, cell yield and nodulation index. Higher solids concentration tended to give higher generation time. The high sludge metals concentration did not affect the growth kinetics of rhizobia. However, primary sludge could inhibit cell growth. Acid, alkaline and oxidative pre-treatments increased the primary sludge biodegradability and consequently the cell count of S. meliloti. Pre-treatment of pulp and paper sludge with NaOH enhanced the bacterial cell concentration to a maximum 1 × 1010 cfu/mL. Sludge pre-treatment decreased the generation time and reduced the process time.

Efektivitas Biokoagulan Cangkang Telur Ayam Ras dan Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa Balbisiana ABB) dalam Menurunkan Turbiditas, TDS, dan TSS dari Limbah Cair Industri Farmasi

al-Kimiya ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Hesty Nuur Hanifah ◽  
Ginayanti Hadisoebroto ◽  
Turyati Turyati ◽  
Ineu Sintia Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Musa Balbisiana

Koagulasi merupakan tahap awal dalam proses pengolahan limbah cair. Salah satu industri yang berpotensi untuk menimbulkan pencemaran air bila limbah cairnya tidak dikelola dengan baik adalah industri farmasi. Cangkang telur ayam ras dan kulit pisang kepok merupakan limbah padat yang belum termanfaatkan, padahal kedua bahan tersebut mengandung zat-zat yang bisa membantu dalam proses koagulasi. Oleh karena itu, peneliti tertarik untuk mengembangkan biokoagulan dari cangkang telur ayam ras dan kulit pisang kepok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari cangkang telur ayam ras dan kulit pisang kepok sebagai biokoagulan dalam menurunkan nilai turbiditas, TDS (Total Disolved Solid) dan TSS (Total Suspended Solid) dari limbah cair industri farmasi. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jartest. Sampel air limbah yang digunakan dalam percobaan ini yaitu sampel air limbah industri farmasi dari PT Sinkona Indonesia Lestari. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa biokoagulan cangkang telur ayam mempunyai dosis optimum yaitu 50 g/500 mL dan pada pH optimum 8 terjadi penurunan turbiditas sebesar 81,18%, TDS sebesar 24,3% dan TSS sebesar 82,05%. Sedangkan  biokoagulan kulit pisang kepok mempunyai dosis optimum 5 g/500 ml dan pada pH optimum 2 terjadi penurunan  turbiditas sebesar   94,9%, TDS 51,3% dan TSS  83,2%. Dari data tersebut bisa disimpulkan bahwa cangkang telur ayam ras dan kulit pisang kepok bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai biokoagulan untuk pengolahan limbah cair dari industri farmasi.

Characteristics of sludge reduction in an integrated pretreatment and aerobic digestion process

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hwang ◽  
H. Jang ◽  
M. Lee ◽  
J. Song ◽  
S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Reduction Ratio ◽  
Effective Dosage ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Sludge Reduction ◽  
Aerobic Digestion ◽  
Cake Volume ◽  
Sludge Cake ◽  
Feasible Alternative

In this study, integrated pretreatments and aerobic digestion processes were investigated in order to provide a feasible alternative that can achieve effective sludge reduction. An ozone treatment in the presence of ionic manganese, a catalyst, increased the sludge reduction ratio three times higher than that of a single ozonation, presumably due to an increase in OH radical production. The ozone treatment yielded the effective sludge reduction ratio with an increasing ozone dosage, and an effective dosage of the catalyst was found to be 4 mg-Mn/g-TS. When a mechanical pretreatment and an ozone/catalyst were applied in a series, the integrated process, even at a half mechanical intensity and a half level of ozone dosage, showed higher and faster sludge reduction than each single process did. In addition, the integrated pretreatment process showed the highest dewaterability of the treated sludges. A ratio of sludge cake generation, which was newly introduced to quantify overall performance of sludge treatment processes, showed that the integrated pretreatment followed by the aerobic digestion yielded approximately a half of the sludge cake volume compared to the single aerobic digestion. Therefore, the integrated pretreatment can be a feasible method for the effective reduction of total suspended solid and the final volume.

Biodegradation Potential of Abattoir Wastewater Microbiota in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
J.D Bala ◽  
F. A Kuta ◽  
N.U Adabara ◽  
O.P Abioye ◽  
H.S Auta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Abattoir Wastewater ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Water used for washing carcasses of slaughtered animals and slaughter house is referred to as abattoir wastewater. This study was designed to investigate the microorganisms associated with abattoir wastewater and to establish the biodegradation potential of abattoir wastewater microbiota. Isolation of the microbes was carried out using pour plate technique. The total viable count for the microbes’ ranges from 2.5×104 - 4.6×105 cfu/mL. Results revealed that all the physicochemical parameters exceeded the permissible limits (total dissolved solid (TDS) 1748mg/L, total suspended solid (TSS) 176mg/L, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) 91 mg/L and chemical oxygen demand (COD) 227 mg/L). Microorganisms isolated include Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus anthracis, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Mucor sp, Trichophyton quickeanum and Penicillium sp. Some of the microbes were observed to have biodegradation potential by their ability to grow on mineral salt media (MSM) incorporated with starch, cellulose, crude oil, kerosene and diesel as the sole source of carbon and energy. This study suggests that abattoir wastewater harbors microorganisms that could be hazardous to public health when discharged into the environment untreated hence the need for strict monitoring. These microbes isolated could be employed as agent of bioremediation of wastewaters. Key words: Abattoir; Biodegredation; Isolation; Microbiota; Wastewater

Inovasi Pengolahan Limbah Cair Batik dengan IPAL Ekonomis di Desa Maos Kidul Cilacap

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Theresia Evila Purwanti Sri Rahayu ◽  
Rosita Dwityaningsih ◽  
Murni Handayani ◽  
Khoeruddin Witriansyah ◽  
Ayu Pramita
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Service Project ◽  
Hazardous Metal ◽  
Dark Blue

Wastewater resulted from the batik dying process is known for its environmentally hazardous substances including hazardous natural and synthetic organic matter, suspended particles, and hazardous metal. But in the micro and medium scale batik textile business, wastewater treatment is mostly not carried because it does not give benefit for the owner. Economical wastewater treatment constructions can be an alternative for the business owner for their free operational cost. Batik wastewater treatment ought to be carried out to meet government standards but most importantly to decrease hazardous pollutant’s concentrations so it does not harm the environment. This society service project aims to provide alternatively economical wastewater treatment for batik business owners by applying simples and cheapest yet effective treatment methods to reduce pollutant concentrations in wastewater. Methods applied in this project including sedimentation, filtration, and landfill-bioremediation. The laboratorium analysis result shows that sedimentation and filtration are significantly reduced total suspended solid particles in wastewater from 2450 to 100 mg/L in line with wastewater decoloring from dark blue to clear yellow.

Isolation of cellulase-producing Cellulomonas sp. from wastewater sludge for solubilization of primary sludge

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. S79
Author(s):  
B.R. Oh ◽  
S.Y. Heo ◽  
J.H. Ju ◽  
J.W. Seo ◽  
C.H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Primary Sludge

scholarly journals Phytoplankton community structure and it’s relationships with water quality in Bangka Island, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Muh Yusuf ◽  
Robin Robin ◽  
Wahyu Adi ◽  
Mu’alimah Hudatwi ◽  
Widianingsih Widianingsih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Primary Producer

Phytoplankton plays an important role in primary productivity in marine environment. Various environmental changes in coastal area will impact the water quality and their phytoplankton compositions. The purpose of this study is to examine the abundance of phytoplankton from two different sites, i.e Tanah Merah (close to mining site) and Semujur Island (away from mining site) in Bangka Island. Phytoplankton and water sample were collected on June- August 2018. Water quality was measured using water quality checker, whereas the phytoplankton was identified under the microscope with a magnification of 100x. Non-parametric Kruskal test and T-test analysis was performed to determine the abundance, diversity, uniform, and dominance of phytoplankton between Sites, respectively. Statistical analyses showed the abundance of phytoplankton at Semujur Island was significantly higher than that at Tanah Merah (p = 0.003). In additions the diversity, uniform, and dominance were also significantly different between sites (all p <0.05). In Semujur Island, Diatoms (Thalassiothrix, Chaetoceros and Thalassionema) were more dominants than the Dinophyceae group. However, in Tanah Merah, the genera Ceratium belong to class Dinophyceae was more dominant than the class Bacillariophyceae. These results performed that the phytoplankton in Tanah Merah and Semujur Island was affected by environment, in this case the mining area. The water quality in Semujur Island (non-mining Area) might have good quality than in Tanah Merah (mining area). The average value of turbidity and Total Suspended Solid in Tanah Merah Waters causes low abundance of phytoplankton. It can be concluded that tin mining can disrupt the abundance and composition of phytoplankton as a primary producer of waters.

scholarly journals Analysis of total suspended solid content based on rain characteristics in the Ciliwung River basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-363
Author(s):  
Sulistyo Ariebowo Djajusman ◽  
Hadi Susilo Arifin ◽  
Etty Riani
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Rainfall Characteristics ◽  
Middle Stream ◽  
The Relationship

Total suspended solid (TSS) is one of the parameters that determines whether or not a body of water is polluted. One factor that influences the amount of TSS content is the characteristic of rainfall in an area. Purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the effect of rainfall characteristics and TSS content in Ciliwung River. Multiple regression analysis was used for analytical method.  Results of multiple regression analysis showed that the correlation coefficient (adjusted R2) for the factors of rainfall, discharge and sediment show a low correlation to changes the content of TSS in Ciliwung River. The value of each correlation coefficient in the upstream, middle, and downstream of Ciliwung River are 0.21, 0.31, and 0.09 respectively. According to the F test, rainfall, discharge and sediment  were significantly affect TSS content in the upstream and middle stream.  Based on t test, it is known that only rainfall affect TSS content in the upstream and midlle stream.

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