Avian responses to experimental harvest in southern boreal mixedwood shoreline forests: implications for riparian buffer management

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2375-2388 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. Kardynal ◽  
J.L. Morissette ◽  
S.L. Van Wilgenburg ◽  
E.M. Bayne ◽  
K.A. Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Management ◽  
Buffer Strips ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Reference Sites ◽  
Seiurus Aurocapillus ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Riparian Birds ◽  
Interior Forest ◽  
Boreal Landscapes

Conventional management of shoreline forest in harvested boreal landscapes involves retention of treed buffer strips to provide habitat for wildlife species and protect aquatic habitats from deleterious effects of harvesting. With shoreline forests being considered for harvest in several jurisdictions, it is important to determine the potential impacts of this disturbance on birds. In this study, responses of riparian- and upland-nesting birds to three levels of harvest (0%–50%, 50%–75%, and 75%–100% within 100 m of the water) in shoreline forests around boreal wetlands were assessed 1 year before and each year for 4 years after harvest relative to unharvested reference sites. Upland-nesting species showed variable responses to harvest, with greatest declines in abundance of interior forest nesting species (e.g., Ovenbird, Seiurus aurocapillus L.) with the highest levels of harvest. Shrub-nesting and generalist species increased in abundance in harvest treatments relative to reference sites. Riparian birds showed little response to harvest, suggesting that shoreline forest harvest has little effect on their abundance up to 4 years after harvest. Retention of small buffers may not be an effective management strategy for conservation of birds occupying shoreline forests, particularly interior forest nesting species. We suggest that alternatives to conventional buffer management be explored.

Assessing rainforest restoration: the value of buffer strips for the recovery of rainforest remnants in Australia?s Wet Tropics

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Sonter ◽  
Daniel J. Metcalfe ◽  
Margaret M. Mayfield
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Edge Effects ◽  
Functional Trait ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Buffer Strips ◽  
Buffer Strip ◽  
Restoration Technique ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Interior Forest

Throughout the tropics, forest remnants are under increasing pressure from habitat fragmentation and edge effects. To improve the conservation value of forest remnants, restoration plantings are used to accelerate and redirect ecological succession. Unfortunately, many restoration projects undergo little to no evaluation in achieving project goals. Here we evaluate the success of one common restoration technique, ?buffer strip planting,? at the Malanda Scrub in North Queensland, Australia. Buffer strips are used to reduce the impacts associated with edge effects and improve overall forest quality. To evaluate the success of the Malanda project, we compared the microclimate, understorey community structure and functional trait-state diversity (functional diversity) for a range of plant functional traits along the original forest edge, a reference forest edge, and the interior forest of the Malanda reserve. We found the buffer strip restored the original forest edge to interior forest conditions for the majority of measured features. Edge effects were not found more than 5 m from any measured edge, and edge effects penetrated to even shorter distances along the buffer strip edge. The buffer strip appeared to have a similar microclimate (here represented by soil temperature) and physical structure; however, it did not (after 14 years) closely resemble the interior forest floristically nor did it have the same functional diversity for measured traits. Results suggest that the buffer strip was successful in reducing edge effects but not in restoring the forest to original conditions within 14 years.

scholarly journals Simultaneous acoustic monitoring uncovers evidence of biodiversity loss and overlooked temporal variation in a threatened Amazonian bird community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Alexander Hopping ◽  
Holger Klinck
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Acoustic Monitoring ◽  
Avian Species ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
Vocal Activity ◽  
Interior Forest

Birds are frequently used as indicator taxon in ecology, but traditional surveys are prone to error and largely inadequate in the dense, speciose tropical forests where they are most needed. Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) has the potential to address many of these pitfalls, providing unique advantages for both long-term monitoring and rapid biodiversity assessment. Here, we evaluate the effectiveness of PAM for characterizing spatiotemporal variation in avian species richness, diversity, vocal activity, and community composition in the Amazon basin global biodiversity hotspot. We employed an array of ten autonomous recording units (ARUs) spanning edge, degraded, and interior forest at a reserve on the deforestation frontier of Madre de Dios, Peru, a region featuring some of the richest, most complex avian assemblages on Earth. Recordings from 21 dawn-hours across three days at seven sites were manually annotated by a single observer. ARUs and manual annotation performed well as an inventory method, especially for midstory and understory species. Sites in edge and degraded habitats featured significantly lower avian species richness, Shannon diversity, and vocal activity levels than in the forest interior, patterns that replicate the findings of prior high-effort avian censuses in the region. We observed significant temporal variation between days; at all featured sites, vocal activity was highest on January 20th and lowest on January 31st. We demonstrated that novel annotation-generated metrics can work as effective proxies for abundance data and per-capita song rate, correlating with diversity indices and efficiently characterizing habitats at a level of detail unobtainable with human observers. Generalist species were significantly overrepresented in the soundscapes of interior forest, relative to their contributed share of species richness, and interior specialists were underrepresented, suggesting that the entire 191ha site is degraded. The between-days temporal variation that we documented, almost certainly overlooked without simultaneous monitoring, may obfuscate or distort the results of traditional surveys. Synthesis & Applications. We propose that PAM should become a cornerstone of biodiversity research. The standardization advantages demonstrated in this study, permanent storage, multi-taxa applications, and potential of automated identification make bioacoustics an ideal methodological avenue for guiding management and policy under rapid global change.

scholarly journals Movement Patterns of Adult Male Ovenbirds During the Post-Fledging Period in Fragmented and Forested Boreal Landscapes

The Condor ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin M. Bayne ◽  
Keith A. Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Seiurus Aurocapillus ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Metapopulation Theory ◽  
Forest Songbirds ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
Boreal Landscapes

Abstract Movement of forest songbirds among isolated forest patches following breeding represents an important but poorly understood component of landscape ecology and metapopulation theory. Using radio-telemetry, we followed 44 male Ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapillus) during the post-fledging period to determine if movement patterns differed in landscapes dominated by agriculture versus those dominated by forest. No differences in home-range size, mean distance moved per day, or maximum distance moved were observed for males captured in a forested landscape vs. those captured in forest fragments in an agriculturally dominated landscape. Male Ovenbirds observed with young moved less than males without young and rarely crossed open gaps. Individuals that failed to breed moved more extensively than successful breeders, possibly in an effort to find new territories for use in future breeding seasons.

scholarly journals House Mice as a Real Sanitary Threat of Human and Animal Leptospirosis: Proposal for Integrated Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Marquez ◽  
Tristan Ulivieri ◽  
Etienne Benoit ◽  
Angeli Kodjo ◽  
Virginie Lattard
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Transmission Cycle ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Anticoagulant Rodenticides ◽  
Commensal Rodents

Leptospirosis is a reemerging zoonosis and ranges in severity from benign to sometimes fatal. In cattle, infection may be responsible for abortion and infertility cases causing economic losses. Humans may be contaminated through direct contact with urine of infected animals or indirectly though interaction with urine-contaminated environment. Many wildlife species living close to cattle, especially commensal rodents may play a role in the transmission of leptospires. Because little is known on the epidemiology of nonmaintenance Leptospira serovars, appropriate management is still limited. On a French farm where human and cattle leptospirosis were detected, the transmission cycle was explored to propose appropriate mitigation measures. For that, commensal rodents present on the farm were trapped and their leptospires carriage was studied by molecular methods. Trapped mice were shown to carry two pathogenic Leptospira species (L. interrogans and L. kirschneri). Since these 2 serogroups were simultaneously detected in the trapped mice and in the cows of this farm, we suspected an initial Leptospira transmission from mice to cows requiring an effective management of mice on this farm. Because resistance to anticoagulant rodenticides due to Vkorc1 mutations has been largely described in rodents and first-generation anticoagulant rodenticides seemed to be inefficient in controlling mice on this farm, susceptibility of these mice to anticoagulants has been characterized by Vkorc1 sequencing. 50% of the trapped mice carried mutations in the Vkorc1 gene leading to severe resistance to first-generation anticoagulants. The management of such mice that are a real sanitary threat can be achieved only by using the most toxic second-generation anticoagulants or nonanticoagulant solutions.

Short-term response of wildlife to clear-cutting in Quebec boreal forest: multiscale effects and management implications

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1120-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Potvin ◽  
Réhaume Courtois ◽  
Louis Bélanger
Keyword(s):  
Home Ranges ◽  
Buffer Strips ◽  
Telemetry Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Term Response

We studied the short-term response of wildlife to clear-cutting in four blocks (52-114 km2) that were logged in 100- to 250-ha clustered patches. Surveys were conducted, 2 years before and 2 years after logging, to determine the relative abundance of 12 wildlife species, and telemetry data were also gathered on four species. Small mammals, species with the smallest home ranges ([Formula: see text]1 ha), either remained in the clearcut patches or had replacement habitat in the buffer strips. Most species with home ranges up to 25 ha (spruce grouse, Falcipennis canadensis Linné; snowshoe hare, Lepus americanus Erxleben) were excluded from clearcut patches. Species with home ranges [Formula: see text]5 km2 (marten, Martes americana Turton; moose, Alces alces Linné) remained in some residual forest patches scattered throughout clearcuts and in the adjacent uncut forest. In their home range, these two species avoided clearcut patches where the shrub layer and coniferous regeneration were scattered. Because many wildlife species depend on residual forest, the important issue is not the size of clearcut patches but the extent and configuration of the remaining forest. Instead of a clustered distribution of clearcut patches, we propose two harvest scenarios more compatible with integrated wildlife-forest management objectives on a local scale.

scholarly journals Short-Term Effects of Timber Harvest on Abundance, Territory Characteristics, and Pairing Success of Ovenbirds in Riparian Buffer Strips

The Auk ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Daniel Lambert ◽  
Susan J. Hannon
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Timber Harvest ◽  
Riparian Buffer ◽  
Territory Size ◽  
Buffer Strips ◽  
Seiurus Aurocapillus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Riparian Buffer Strips ◽  
Territory Characteristics ◽  
Regional Forest

AbstractIn managed forests, riparian buffer strips typically are maintained to protect water quality. If properly designed, buffer strips also may act as wildlife reserves. However, forest managers have lacked the information to develop standards for buffer strips to maximize benefits for wildlife species. We assessed the conservation potential of 20-, 100-, and 200-m wide buffers for an area-sensitive songbird in boreal mixed-wood forest in Alberta. We measured abundance, territory characteristics, and pairing success of Ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapillus) at treatment and control lakes one year before and after upland timber harvest. After harvest, Ovenbirds were absent from 20-m buffer strips. Harvesting did not significantly influence abundance or territory size in 100-m or 200-m buffers, although territories generally became narrower. Postharvest territory position did not change in 200-m buffers, but territories in 100-m strips shifted lakeward and included more habitat adjacent to the riparian edge than before harvest. Despite this shift in territory position, males that occupied 100-m strips successfully attracted mates. High availability of regional forest cover may have muted the more pronounced effects of habitat alteration observed in other studies. Our research is among the first to evaluate individual behavioral responses to the creation of forest edges. Our data indicate that 20-m buffer strips do not support breeding Ovenbirds, whereas 100- and 200-m buffers retain Ovenbirds during the year following harvest. Long-term harvest effects may differ from those we monitored and require study, particularly as timber extraction increases in the boreal mixed-wood ecoregion.

The Value of Private Non-Industrial Forestland for Wildlife Species Conservation

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly A. Johnson ◽  
Timm Kroeger ◽  
Josh Horn ◽  
Alison E. Adams ◽  
Damian C. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Wildlife Viewing ◽  
Animal Habitat

Animals in Florida provide a variety of benefits to people, from recreation (fishing, hunting, or wildlife viewing) to protection of human life and property (oysters and corals provide reef structures that help protect coasts from erosion and flooding). By measuring the economic value of these benefits, we can assign a monetary value to the habitats that sustain these species and assess the value that is lost when development or other human-based activities degrade animal habitat. This 5-page fact sheet presents the results of a study that assessed the value of protecting five animal species in Florida and showed the economic value of protecting animal habitat.

Public Procurement and Innovative Economy Forming

2010 ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Smotritskaya ◽  
S. Chernykh
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
Procurement System

The article analyzes the conceptual framework of public procurement system as an integral part of public regulation to ensure effective management of public resources. The authors consider the problems of transition to a new "quality" of the procurement system, increasing its innovative activity. They put forward proposals for institutional framework and mechanisms of regulating procurement, meeting the needs in innovative upgrading and modernization of the Russian economy.

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