Survey for Gnathotrichussulcatus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in a Commercial Sawmill with the Pheromone, Sulcatol

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 586-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Mclean ◽  
J. H. Borden
Keyword(s):  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Seasonal Trend ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Population Aggregation

Ethanol and sulcatol (6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol), primary attractant and population aggregation pheromone, respectively, for Gnathotrichussulcatus, were deployed alone or in combination in traps at 10 locations in a commercial sawmill at Chemainus, B.C. The traps were in operation for the last week of the months, April through October 1974, and caught 3098 beetles. Sulcatol was the only significant treatment. Traps baited with it alone or in combination with ethanol caught over 98% of the beetles. There was no significant interaction between ethanol and sulcatol. There was a distinct bimodal seasonal trend in numbers of beetles caught. Locations with the greatest catches of beetles were those where unseasoned lumber was stored, which suggests that beetles either emerged from and (or) oriented to such lumber.

Effects of Early Writing Intervention Delivered Within a Data-Based Instruction Framework

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pyung-Gang Jung ◽  
Kristen L. McMaster ◽  
Robert C. delMas
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Early Writing ◽  
Writing Intervention ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Based Instruction ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Preliminary Support

We examined effects of research-based early writing intervention delivered within a data-based instruction (DBI) framework for children with intensive needs. We randomly assigned 46 students with and without disabilities in Grades 1 to 3 within classrooms to either treatment or control. Treatment students received research-based early writing intervention within a DBI framework for 30 min, 3 times per week, for 12 weeks. Control students received business-as-usual writing instruction. We measured writing performance using curriculum-based measures (CBM) and Woodcock Johnson III Tests of Achievement (WJ III). We found significant treatment effects on CBM outcomes (Hedges g = 0.74 to 1.36). We also found a significant interaction between special education status and condition on the WJ III favoring treatment students with disabilities (Hedges g = 0.45 to 0.70). Findings provide preliminary support for using a combination of research-based intervention and DBI with students with intensive writing needs.

Altering Preferences for Leadership Style of Men and Women Undergraduate Residence Advisors through Leadership Training

1984 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marice Heft ◽  
Richard Deni
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
Leadership Training ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Training Effects ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The People ◽  
People Orientation ◽  
And Training

12 men and 12 women Residence Advisors were administered the T-P Leadership Questionnaire on two separate occasions. Two groups were formed; one served as a control and the other received leadership training prior to administration of the posttest. It was expected that preferences for leadership style would become more people-oriented after leadership training. Effects of sex of subject and exposure to training (trained and untrained) on scores from the T-P Leadership Questionnaire were examined. Separate scores were obtained for concern for task and concern for people. Significant treatment effects were obtained for the people-orientation measure. Male Residence Advisors showed a significant increase on the “people dimension” after leadership training. Compared with women, men showed a greater increase in people orientation. There was a significant interaction of sex of subject and training condition.

Sulcatol: Population aggregation pheromone in the scolytid beetle, Gnathotrichus sulcatus

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1895-1900 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. Byrne ◽  
A.A. Swigar ◽  
R.M. Silverstein ◽  
J.H. Borden ◽  
E. Stokkink
Keyword(s):  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Population Aggregation ◽  
Scolytid Beetle

AGGREGATION PHEROMONE IN THE RUSTY GRAIN BEETLE, CRYPTOLESTES FERRUGINEUS (COLEOPTERA: CUCUJIDAE)

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Borden ◽  
M.G. Dolinski ◽  
L. Chong ◽  
V. Verigin ◽  
H.D. Pierce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Porapak Q ◽  
Population Aggregation ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Mixed Age ◽  
True Population ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractAn open arena, airflow olfactometer was developed and used to test the response of adult Cyrptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) to various volatile stimuli. Beetles of mixed age and sex oriented positively upwind to the odor of beetles, frass, pentane extracts of frass, and pentane extracts of Porapak Q-captured volatiles from beetles or frass. Both sexes responded to the odor of beetle populations of mixed sex as well as to the odor of males, indicating that males produce a true population aggregation pheromone Only females responded to the odor of females. C. ferrugineus may utilize the aggregation pheromone in conjunction with fungal odors to locate suitable habitats.

scholarly journals Reproducibility of effects of homeopathically potentised Argentum nitricum on the growth of Lemna gibba L. in a randomized and blinded bioassay

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 07-08
Author(s):  
Vera Majewsky
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Original Study ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Lemna Gibba ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Growth State

Background: Reproducibility of basic research investigations in homeopathy is still a challenging issue. A former study reported a significant interaction between date of experiment and treatment effect of Argentum nitricum 14x–30x on the growth rate of duckweed (Lemna gibba L.). In a reproduction trial with duckweed (Lemna gibba L.) and potencies of gibberellic acid duckweed appeared only then sensitive to treatment with homeopathic potencies of gibberellic acid potencies when the plants were in the growth state of gibbosity. Aims: This study investigated if formerly observed effects of Argentum nitricum 14x – 30x on growth of Lemna gibba were reproducible and if sensitivity to homeopathic treatment was influences by the growth state of duckweed. Methods: Duckweed was grown in potencies of Argentum nitricum (14x–30x) and one time succussed and unsuccussed water control (c0 and c1). Area-related growth rate for day 0–7 was determined by a computerised image analysis system. The original study including six independent blinded and randomised experiments each were repeated one time completely and a second time with 3 experiments. Every repetition experiment was carried out in the same way as in the original study, only time and conductor of experiments were modified. System stability was controled by systematic negative control (SNC) experiments with the same set-up, but water as the only test substance. All water used in potency and SNC experiments was distilled and autoclaved before. Statistical analysis was evaluated with full two-way ANOVA (α = 5%), using treatment and experiment number as independent variables and r(area) for day 0–7 as dependent variable. Data of each experiment was normalised to its mean value to allow a better comparison between experiments. Only if the global ANOVA F-test was significant (p < 0.05) investigated groups were compared with Fisher`s LSD test (protected Fisher`s LSD). Results: The original study observed a significant interaction between treatment and experiment number compared to cpool (c0+c1).Caused to the fact that in the first repetition series a significant treatment difference between c0 and c1 was found, additionally a significant interaction between experiment number and c0 and c1, it was not possible to pool c0 and c1. All data (original study, as well as repetition series 1 and 2) was evaluated comparing potencies to one time succussed control c1. This new statistical evaluation confirmed the significant interaction between treatment and experiment number for data of the original study (p = 0.0055). In the first repetition series a significant treatment effect (p = 0.016) was observed, in the second series no effect.Variability in experiments with Argentum nitricum 14x – 30x was higher than in SNC experiments. The stability of the experimental system was verified by the SNC experiments. An a posteriori subgroup analysis suggests that using a specific growth state of Lemna gibba (gibbosity) seems to be crucial for successful reproduction of the significant interaction of the original study. Conclusions: With the original study design chosen (disregarding gibbosity of Lemna gibba), results of the original study could not be reproduced. Bioassays for use in homeopathic basic research must carefully consider different physiological states of the test organisms. Variability might be an interesting parameter to investigate effects of homeopathic remedies in basic research.

A Developmental Study of Intonation Recognition

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn M. Corlew
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Developmental Study ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
The Third ◽  
Matching Test ◽  
Better Than

Two experiments investigated the information conveyed by intonation from speaker to listener. A multiple-choice test was devised to test the ability of 48 adults to recognize and label intonation when it was separated from all other meaning. Nine intonation contours whose labels were most agreed upon by adults were each matched with two English sentences (one with appropriate and one with inappropriate intonation and semantic content) to make a matching-test for children. The matching-test was tape-recorded and given to children in the first, third, and fifth grades (32 subjects in each grade). The first-grade children matched the intonations with significantly greater agreement than chance; but they agreed upon significantly fewer sentences than either the third or fifth graders. Some intonation contours were matched with significantly greater frequency than others. The performance of the girls was better than that of the boys on an impatient question and a simple command which indicates that there was a significant interaction between sex and intonation.

Cardiogenic Shock – Developments and Treatment Strategies

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Seabra-Gomes ◽  
Jorge Ferreira ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Assist Devices ◽  
Left Ventricular Assist Devices ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Hard Data ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Cardiogenic shock remains one of the most serious and challenging conditions in cardiology and is responsible for the highest in-hospital mortality associated with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The only significant treatment strategy that has been shown to reduce its incidence and inherent mortality is emergent coronary revascularisation. Prevention should aim at early recognition of symptoms, appropriate pre-hospital emergency medical care and prompt primary revascularisation. Once established, cardiogenic shock still has an unacceptably high mortality rate. Approaches that include new pharmacological therapies and other forms of mechanical haemodynamic support are under investigation. The possible role of systemic inflammatory response has led to the investigation of nitric oxide synthase inhibition, although initial results with tilarginine were disappointing. The use of percutaneous left ventricular assist devices looks promising, but hard data regarding mortality benefit are still missing. Cardiogenic shock remains a perplexing and often fatal condition. The future may require more basic, translational and clinical research.

EFFECT OF SOWING DATE ON GRAIN YIELD OF CRAB GRASS

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
S. O. Bakare ◽  
M. G. M. Kolo ◽  
J. A. Oladiran
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Sowing Dates

There was a significant interaction effect between the variety and the sowing date for the number of productive tillers, indicating that the response to sowing date varied with the variety. A significant reduction in the number of productive tillers became evident when sowing was delayed till 26 June in the straggling variety as compared to sowing dates in May. Lower numbers of productive tillers were also recorded when the sowing of the erect variety was further delayed till 10 July. The grain yield data showed that it is not advisable to sow the straggling variety later than 12 June, while sowing may continue till about 26 June for the erect variety in the study area.

The Effect of Instructional Approaches and Learning Styles on Students’ Achievement of Grammar

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rista Damesari Saragih ◽  
Lince Sihombing ◽  
Eddi Setia
Keyword(s):  
Learning Styles ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Visual Learning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Instructional Approaches ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Instructional Approach ◽  
Auditory Learning

The objectives of this research are to investigate whether: (1) students’ achievement of grammar taught by applying inductive approach higher than taught by applying deductive approach, (2) achievement of grammar of visual learning style students higher than achievement of grammar of auditory learning style students, and (3) there is an interaction between instructional approaches and learning styles on the students’ achievement of grammar. The population was students of Grade X of Vocational High School 1 Beringin Deli Serdang. Based on Cluster Sampling technique, two classes were chosen, namely Grades X1 and X3. The data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA with 2 × 2 factorial design. The result reveals that (1) Students` grammar achievement taught by using inductive instructional approach is higher than that taught by using deductive instructional Approach (81,20 > 72,10), (2) Students with visual learning style have higher achievement in grammar than students with auditory learning style (81,90 > 72) and (3) there is significant interaction between instructional approaches and learning styles on students` achievement of grammar (4.906 > 3.96). Thus, it can be concluded that the application of instructional approaches and learning styles can affect students` achievement in grammar.   Keywords: Grammar; Instructional Approach; Learning Styles

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