EFFECTS OF AMPHENONE B AND OF DIET ON CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN THE RAT

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1069-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adrenal Weight ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
High Doses

Amphenone B was added in concentrations of 0.1 to 0.5% to a number of synthetic diets and to a fox chow diet. These were then fed to young male rats to determine the effects on adrenal weight and on the cholesterol content of the adrenals, liver, and plasma. The rats fed amphenone mixed with synthetic diets showed a greater increase in adrenal size and adrenal cholesterol than those fed amphenone mixed with the chow diet. The liver and plasma cholesterol values of rats fed amphenone on synthetic diets were also increased appreciably while those of rats fed amphenone in the chow diet were near normal. Synthetic diets containing erucic acid and amphenone appeared to have the greatest effect on adrenal size and cholesterol content but other synthetic diets in some cases caused a greater increase in liver and plasma cholesterol concentrations. An attempt to examine the effect of injected amphenone on cholesterol levels in rats fed different diets was limited by the fact that high doses of amphenone cause prolonged anesthesia.

EFFECTS OF AMPHENONE B AND OF DIET ON CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN THE RAT

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1069-1074
Author(s):  
K. K. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adrenal Weight ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
High Doses

Amphenone B was added in concentrations of 0.1 to 0.5% to a number of synthetic diets and to a fox chow diet. These were then fed to young male rats to determine the effects on adrenal weight and on the cholesterol content of the adrenals, liver, and plasma. The rats fed amphenone mixed with synthetic diets showed a greater increase in adrenal size and adrenal cholesterol than those fed amphenone mixed with the chow diet. The liver and plasma cholesterol values of rats fed amphenone on synthetic diets were also increased appreciably while those of rats fed amphenone in the chow diet were near normal. Synthetic diets containing erucic acid and amphenone appeared to have the greatest effect on adrenal size and cholesterol content but other synthetic diets in some cases caused a greater increase in liver and plasma cholesterol concentrations. An attempt to examine the effect of injected amphenone on cholesterol levels in rats fed different diets was limited by the fact that high doses of amphenone cause prolonged anesthesia.

EFFECT OF ERUCIC ACID ON INCORPORATION OF ACETATE-1-C14 INTO CHOLESTEROL AND FATTY ACIDS

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Acid Incorporation ◽  
Liver Slices ◽  
Fatty Acid Incorporation

Young male rats were fed synthetic diets containing either no fat or various individual fatty acids for 3 to 4 weeks. They were then killed and the incorporation of acetate-1-C14 into cholesterol and fatty acids was measured in liver slices and in scrapings of intestinal mucosa. Acetate incorporation into cholesterol by liver slices was much greater in animals fed erucic acid than in those fed no fat, palmitic, stearic, oleic, or linoleic acids. A marked differential was not observed in fatty acid incorporation but values tended to be higher on the fat-free and erucic acid diets. Erucic acid did not stimulate acetate incorporation into cholesterol by mucosa and in general mucosa seemed to be less sensitive to changes in diet. The results are discussed in relation to previously observed effects of erucic acid on cholesterol metabolism.

scholarly journals Optimization of a Low Magnesium, Cholesterol-Containing Diet for the Development of Atherosclerosis in Rabbits

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendon W. Smith ◽  
Jennifer L. King ◽  
Rita J. Miller ◽  
James P. Blue Jr. ◽  
Sandhya Sarwate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Low Magnesium ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
Accelerate Atherosclerosis ◽  
Atherosclerosis Research

<p>The cholesterol-fed rabbit is useful for atherosclerosis research. We describe development of a low-magnesium (Mg) cholesterol-containing diet to accelerate atherosclerosis in this model. Male New Zealand White rabbits were fed either chow or one of four atherogenic diets: 1% cholesterol 10% fat 0.11% Mg, 1% cholesterol 10% fat 0.40% Mg, 2% cholesterol 20% fat 0.11% Mg, or 2% cholesterol 20% fat 0.40% Mg. While feed intake decreased in cholesterol-fed rabbits, they were able to maintain their body weights. Rabbits consuming cholesterol experienced profound hypercholesterolemia and tissue lipid accumulation, with plasma cholesterol levels above 1500 mg/dl for all groups at the completion of the study. Liver and spleen lipid content and liver cholesterol content also increased. Aortic arch atheroma thickness was greatest in 1% cholesterol 10% fat 0.11% Mg animals. Tissue Mg levels decreased in cholesterol-fed animals compared to chow-fed controls, despite equal or greater serum Mg levels. Our results indicate that the 1% cholesterol 10% fat 0.11% Mg diet was optimal at promoting hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis while minimizing health complications for the animals. The low Mg cholesterol diet will be useful to other biomedical researchers interested in utilizing the rabbit for cardiovascular disease research.</p>

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Expansion Leads to Monocytosis In Animal Models of Atherosclerosis

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 4797-4797
Author(s):  
Mani Akhtari ◽  
Andrew J Murphy ◽  
Tamara A Pagler ◽  
Alan R Tall
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
General Response

Abstract Abstract 4797 Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is associated with leukocytosis. Hypercholesterolemic animal models like apolipoprotein E deficient (Apoe-/-) mice develop leukocytosis and monocytosis. However, the mechanisms linking hypercholesterolemia to leukocytosis are poorly understood. Recent studies in our laboratory have shown increased proliferation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and leukocytosis in mice deficient in efflux of cholesterol to HDL. Apoe also appears to be highly expressed in HSPCs, suggesting a role in cholesterol efflux. We hypothesized that leukocytosis in Apoe-/- mice might be associated with increased proliferation and expansion of HSPCs and that lowering their cholesterol levels with atorvastatin would suppress this expansion. Wild type (WT), LDL receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/-), and Apoe-/- mice were fed a Western-type diet (WTD) for 0, 10 and 20 weeks (8 mice per group per timepoint). After 10 weeks of WTD, 8 Apoe-/- received WTD with atorvastatin (0.01% wt/wt) for the remainder of the study. On chow diet Apoe-/- mice had monocytosis (+66% vs WT, P<.01), neutrophilia (+90%, P<.0001), and expanded HSPCs (+46% compared to the other groups, P<.05). After 10 weeks of WTD, leukocytosis developed further in Apoe-/- mice, along with increased bone marrow proliferation (+86%, P<.01) and more granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-colony formation (110% more, P<.01). After 20 weeks, all mice had developed monocytosis, neutrophilia, and expansion of the HSPCs compared to their chow starting point. Atorvastain reduced plasma cholesterol by 60% (P<.01) and attenuated monocytosis (30% reduction, P<.05) and neutrophilia (35% reduction, P<.05), but did not reduce the HSPCs levels in Apoe-/- mice. In conclusion, leukocytosis and expansion of HSPCs in Apoe-/- mice is observed on a chow diet and develops earlier than in the other models on the WTD, consistent with a role of APOE in modulating HSPCs cholesterol content. However, dietary hypercholesterolemia eventually led to HSPCs expansion paralleling leukocytosis in all groups, suggesting this is a general response to dietary hypercholesterolemia. Leukocytosis was attenuated with atorvastatin treatment through a mechanism unrelated to the reversal of HSPCs expansion. Disclosures: Tall: CSL: Consultancy; Merck: Consultancy; Roche: Consultancy; Arisaph: Consultancy.

scholarly journals Some effects of dietary dextrose, fructose, liquid glucose and sucrose in the adult male rat

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. L. Allen ◽  
J. S. Leahy
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Liver Protein ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Adult Male Rat ◽  
The Mean

1. For 26 weeks, adult male rats were fed on diets containing about 80 % of carbohydrate, given as dextrose, fructose, liquid glucose, or sucrose; their performance was compared with that of rats receiving a standard laboratory cubed diet (41 B) containing 60 % of carbohydrate, mainly as starch. 2. More of diet 41 B was eaten than of any of the diets containing sugars, but only with dextrose was the mean body-weight gain significantly lower than with diet 41 B. 3. No significant differences in body length or girth were produced by the different diets. 4. Compared with those of rats given diet 41B, plasma cholesterol levels were significantly in- creased by fructose and sucrose and to a lesser extent by dextrose, but not by liquid glucose. 5. Compared with those given diet 41 B, the rats given fructose had heavier hearts, kidneys and livers, those given sucrose had heavier hearts and livers, and those given dextrose had heavier hearts. Those given fructose had the heaviest kidneys and livers, and heavier hearts than those given liquid glucose. The organ weights of those given liquid glucose and those given diet 41 B were not significantly different. 6. Compared with the values on diet 41B, carcass and liver fat were both significantly increased by sucrose and fructose but not by dex- trose or liquid glucose. With fructose, liver fat was almost double that with dextrose or liquid glucose. 7. Dry-matter contents of whole carcass and liver followed substantially the same pattern as did the fat contents. 8. Liver protein content was significantly lower on the 80 % carbohydrate diets. The reductions were greatest with fructose and sucrose.

scholarly journals Genetic and physiological aspects of cholesterol accumulation in hyperresponding and hyporesponding rabbits

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. M. Van Zutphen ◽  
M. G. C. W. Den Bieman ◽  
W. C. HÜLsmann ◽  
R. R. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Adrenal Weight ◽  
Cholesterol Accumulation ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Total Body

After a 5 week period of feeding a cholesterol-rich diet to rabbits, hyperresponders with high plasma cholesterol levels and hyporesponders with low plasma cholesterol levels could be distinguished from normal responders. The response was found to be correlated with the esterase genotype at the Est-2 locus. The increase in total body cholesterol was higher in hyper- than in hyporesponders. In both groups most of the accumulated dietary cholesterol was found in plasma and liver. Adrenal weight and plasma corticosterone levels were more increased in hyper- than in hyporesponders. The cholesterol-rich diet resulted in an augmentation of liver lipase and lipoprotein lipase activities. These lipolytic activities were more increased in hyper- than in the hyporesponders.

Low and high doses of oxandrolone promote pathological cardiac remodeling in young male rats

Steroids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 108814
Author(s):  
Silas Nascimento Ronchi ◽  
Edgar Mendes Souza Wan Mass ◽  
Nara Rubia Dalla Bernardina ◽  
Antonio Ferreira de Melo Júnior ◽  
Wedson Correa dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Doses

scholarly journals Kadar Kolesterol Plasma Tikus Wistar pada Pemberiak Ekstrak Etanol dan Heksana dari Daun Gedi Merah (Abelmoschus manihot L.)

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Tanza A. Tubagus
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Amperometric Biosensor ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
One Way Anova

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol dan heksana dari daun gedi merah terhadap kadar kolesterol plasma tikus wistar yang diberi pakan aterogenik. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 ekor tikus jantan, berumur 2-3 bulan dengan berat 130-200 g, yang dibagi dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan secara acak, yaitu kelompok K diberi pakan beras jagung, kelompok K- diberi pakan aterogenik, sedangkan kelompok P1 dan P2 diberi ekstrak etanol dan heksana dengan dosis 20 mg/KgBB. Setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 5 ekor tikus yang dilakukan 5 kali pemeriksaan kadar kolesterol dengan metode biosensor amperometrik dengan menggunakan alat ukur NESCO GCU. Data yang diperoleh dari pemeriksaan dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA satu arah <(0,005). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak heksana dan ekstrak etanol daun gedi merah dengan dosis 20 mg/kgBB dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol sebesar 72% atau sekitar 12,8 mg/dL dan 14% atau sekitar 2,4 mg/dL, dibandingkan dengan dengan kelompok K-.The research had been done with the purpose were to study the influence of granting the ethanol and hexane extract of red gedi leaves on Wistar rats plasma cholesterol levels which were fed by atherogenics. This study used about 20 male rats, Wistar rats aged 2-3 months with a weight 130-200 g were divided into 4 groups randomly, for the grop of K were fed corn rice, group of K- were fed atherogenics, while the P1 and P2 were given ethanol and hexane extract with a dose of 20 mg/KgBW. Each treatment consisted of 5 rats were performed 5 times cholesterol checks with amperometric biosensor method using a measuring instrument NESCO GCU. Data obtained from the examination were analyzed using one-way ANOVA <(0.005). The results showed that the hexane extract and red gedi leaf ethanol extract at a dose of 20 mg / kg body weight can low down the cholesterol levels by 72% or approximately 12.8 mg / dL and 14%, or about 2.4 mg / dL, compared with the group K -.

scholarly journals Effect of cholesterol re-supplementation and atorvastatin on plaque composition in the thoracic aorta of New Zealand white rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Bonaterra ◽  
K. Bender ◽  
B. Wilhelm ◽  
H. Schwarzbach ◽  
S. Metz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Plaque Morphology ◽  
Plaque Size ◽  
Atorvastatin Treatment ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Group I

Abstract Background Effects of re-supplementation of a cholesterol-enriched diet (CEDrs) on size, cholesterol content and morphology of already existing plaques are not known to date. Methods A group of rabbits received standard chow (SC) for 6 weeks (“negative control”; for plasma lipid measurements only). Group I-IV received 2% CED (induction) for 6 weeks; thereafter, groups II-IV have been fed a SC (= cholesterol withdrawal) for 68 weeks. Afterwards, feeding of groups II-IV was continued as follows: Group II - 10 weeks SC, group III - 4 weeks 0.5% CED (~re-supplementation), afterwards 6 weeks SC (~withdrawal again); group IV - 4 weeks 0.5% CED (re-supplementation) + atorvastatin (2.5 mg/kg body weight/day), afterwards 6 weeks SC (~withdrawal again) + atorvastatin. Plasma lipids, but also plaque size, morphology and cholesterol contents of thoracic aortas were quantified. Results After CEDrs, plasma cholesterol levels were increased. However, after withdrawal of CEDrs, plasma cholesterol levels decreased, whereas the cholesterol content of the thoracic aorta was increased in comparison with the group without CEDrs. Plaque size remained unaffected. Atorvastatin application did not change plasma cholesterol level, cholesterol content of the thoracic aorta and plaque size in comparison with the group without drug treatment. However, atorvastatin treatment increased the density of macrophages (MΦ) compared with the group without treatment, with a significant correlation between densities of MΦ (Mac-1+) and apoptotic (TUNEL+; TP53+), antigen-presenting (HLA-DR+) or oxidatively stressed (SOD2+) cells. Conclusions In rabbits with already existing plaques, CEDrs affects plaque morphology and cellular composition, but not plaque size. Despite missing effects on plasma cholesterol levels, cholesterol content of the thoracic aorta and size of already existing atherosclerotic plaques, atorvastatin treatment transforms the already existing lesions to a more active form, which may accelerate the remodelling to a more stable plaque.

scholarly journals Chemical Structure-Activity Relationships: Peroxisome Proliferation and Lipid Regulation in Rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Mcguire ◽  
Robert H. Gray ◽  
Felix A. De La Iglesia
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferation ◽  
Structure Activity Relationships ◽  
Hypolipidemic Agents ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Plasma High Density ◽  
Acidic Function

Studies described here address structure-activity relationships of novel hypolipidemic agents that induce peroxisome proliferation. Male rats were given equivalent doses of three well-studied fibrates, fibrate amides, and structurally dissimilar agents. Aryloxyalkanoic acids, amide analogs, and thio, benzimidazole, phenylpiperazine, and oxazole derivatives induced peroxisome proliferation and decreased plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels. These compounds contain an acidic function or appear to be readily metabolized to a derivative with an acidic function. Substitution of this substituent with an adamantyloxy eliminated peroxisome proliferation and induced contrasting effects on the lipid profile, substantially increasing triglycerides. A direct correlation was established between hepatocellular peroxisome proliferation and plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDD-cholesterol levels.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document