Daily variations in oxygen consumption, antioxidant defenses, and lipid peroxidation in the gills and hepatopancreas of an estuarine crab

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1871-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
F E Maciel ◽  
C E Rosa ◽  
E A Santos ◽  
J M Monserrat ◽  
L E.M Nery
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Daily Variations ◽  
Early Afternoon ◽  
Chasmagnathus Granulata ◽  
Crab Chasmagnathus Granulata

This study identified daily variations in oxygen consumption, antioxidant-defense system, and lipoperoxidation in the gills and hepatopancreas of the crab Chasmagnathus granulata (Dana, 1851) (Decapoda, Brachyura). In gills, oxygen consumption was higher in the early afternoon and in the middle of the night (p < 0.05). Lipoperoxidation level and non-proteic sulfhydryl content were higher in the middle of the night (p < 0.05). The enzyme glutathione-S-transferase showed lower activity at the end of photophase and higher values during the night (p < 0.05). The enzyme catalase did not show daily variation in activity (p > 0.05). Oxygen consumption in the hepato pancreas showed a similar profile to that in gills, i.e., higher values in the early afternoon and the middle of the night. Glutathione-S-transferase activity and lipoperoxidation levels showed significant variation, with lower values during the afternoon and peaks in the middle of the night (p < 0.05). Catalase activity was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the middle of the night. The non-proteic sulfhydryl content remained fairly constant (p > 0.05). The results showed daily variations in aerobic metabolism of the gills and hepatopancreas of C. granulata, with concomitant oxidative damage (lipoperoxidation), but with differences between tissues. Whereas in the gills the defense system focused on catalase and non-proteic sulfhydryl, in the hepatopancreas other non-enzymatic components and other antioxidant enzymes besides catalase and glutathione-S-transferase might be involved.

Antioxidant Defenses and DNA Damage Induced by UV-A and UV-B Radiation in the Crab Chasmagnathus granulata (Decapoda, Brachyura)¶

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauce R. Gouveia ◽  
Daiane S. Marques ◽  
Bruno P. Cruz ◽  
Laura A. Geracitano ◽  
Luiz E. M. Nery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Chasmagnathus Granulata ◽  
Crab Chasmagnathus Granulata

Antioxidant Defenses and DNA Damage Induced by UV-A and UV-B Radiation in the Crab Chasmagnathus granulata (Decapoda, Brachyura)¶

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauce R. Gouveia ◽  
Daiane S. Marques ◽  
Bruno P. Cruz ◽  
Laura A. Geracitano ◽  
Luiz E. M. Nery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Chasmagnathus Granulata ◽  
Crab Chasmagnathus Granulata

scholarly journals Elevated Temperature and Exposure to Copper Leads to Changes in the Antioxidant Defense System of the Reef-Building Coral Mussismilia harttii

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana da Silva Fonseca ◽  
Laura Fernandes de Barros Marangoni ◽  
Joseane Aparecida Marques ◽  
Adalto Bianchini
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Glutamate Cysteine Ligase ◽  
Defense Proteins ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes

The frequency and severity of coral bleaching events have increased in recent years. Global warming and contamination are primarily responsible for triggering these responses in corals. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the isolated and combined effects of elevated temperature and exposure to copper (Cu) on responses of the antioxidant defense system of coral Mussismilia harttii. In a marine mesocosm, fragments of the coral were exposed to three temperatures (25.0, 26.6, and 27.3°C) and three concentrations of Cu (2.9, 5.4, and 8.6 μg/L) for up to 12 days. Levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activity of enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), were evaluated on the corals and symbionts. The short exposure to isolated and combined stressors caused a reduction in GSH levels and inhibition of the activity of antioxidant enzymes. After prolonged exposure, the combination of stressors continued to reduce GSH levels and SOD, CAT, and GCL activity in symbionts and GST activity in host corals. GCL activity was the parameter most affected by stressors, remaining inhibited after 12-days exposure. Interesting that long-term exposure to stressors stimulated antioxidant defense proteins in M. harttii, demonstrating a counteracting response that may beneficiate the oxidative state. These results, combined with other studies already published suggest that the antioxidant system should be further studied in order to understand the mechanisms of tolerance of South Atlantic reefs.

scholarly journals Changes in GSH-antioxidant system induced by daunorubicin in human normal and diabetic fibroblasts.

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 825-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Zatorska ◽  
Janusz Maszewski ◽  
Zofia Jóźwiak
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Total Glutathione ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity ◽  
Drug Free

We investigated the effect of daunorubicin on glutathione content and activity of GSH-related enzymes in cultured normal and diabetic human fibroblasts. Cells were incubated with 4 microM daunorubicin (DNR) for 2 h followed by culture in drug-free medium for up to 72 h. Treatment of diabetic cells with the drug caused a time-dependent depletion of intracellular GSH and a decrease of the GSH to total glutathione ratio. GSH depletion was accompanied by apoptotic changes in morphology of the nucleus. Analysis of GSH-related enzymes showed a significant increase of the activities of Se-dependent and Se-independent peroxidases and glutathione S-transferase. In contrast, glutathione reductase activity was reduced by 50%. Significant differences between normal and diabetic cells exposed to DNR were observed in the level of GST and Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase activities. These findings indicated that daunorubicin efficiently affects the GSH antioxidant defense system both in normal and diabetic fibroblasts leading to disturbances in glutathione content as well as in the activity of GSH-related enzymes.

scholarly journals Characteristics of lipid peroxidation processes and factors of the antioxidant defense system in chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
O. V. Smirnova ◽  
V. V. Tsukanov ◽  
A. A. Sinyakov ◽  
O. L. Moskalenko ◽  
N. G. Elmanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase

Background. The problem of gastric cancer remains unresolved throughout the world, while chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) increases the likelihood of its development by 15 times. In the Russian Federation, the incidence of gastric cancer (GC) is among the highest, with it prevailing among males. One of the leading mechanisms in molecular pathology of membranes is lipid peroxidation (LPO). The severity of oxidative membrane damage depends on concomitant diseases, contributing to emergence and progression of pathological processes and development of cancer. Currently, the problem of LPO is unsolved in biological systems.The aim of this study was to investigate the state of LPO and antioxidant defense system in CAG and GC. Materials and methods. The parameters were studied in 45 patients with CAG and 50 patients with GC. The control group included 50 practically healthy volunteers without gastrointestinal complaints, who did not have changes in the gastric mucosa according to the fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy (FEGDS) findings.Results. In patients with CAG, an increase in malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase was found in the blood plasma compared with the control group. In patients with CAG, lipid peroxidation was activated, and the malondialdehyde level increased by 3.5 times relative to normal values. At the same time, the body fought against oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase. All patients with GC showed pronounced oxidative stress in the blood plasma in the form of a 45-fold increase in malondialdehyde. The activity of the main antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase was reduced in GC. Catalase was activated, which indicated pronounced oxidative stress, significant damage to blood vessels, and massive cell death. Glutathione-related enzymes (glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase) and the antioxidant protein ceruloplasmin were activated, which also indicated significant oxidative stress and severe intoxication in patients with GC.Conclusion. Depending on the stage and type of cancer, an in-depth study of lipid peroxidation and factors of the antioxidant defense system can be used to correct therapy and prevent cancer and can serve as markers of progression and prognosis in gastric cancer. 

ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSES AND DNA DAMAGE INDUCED BY UVA AND UVB RADIATION IN THE CRAB Chasmagnathus granulata (DECAPODA, BRACHYURA)

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauce R. Gouveia ◽  
Daiane S. Marques ◽  
Bruno P. Cruz ◽  
Laura A. Geracitano ◽  
Luiz Eduardo M. Nery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Chasmagnathus Granulata ◽  
Crab Chasmagnathus Granulata

Assessment of Hepatic Antioxidant Parameters in Zebrafish upon Exposure to Urban River Water

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 936-940
Author(s):  
Chen Yuan Pan ◽  
Ming Yang ◽  
Xiang Jie Lei ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
Ming Hong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
River Water ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Environmental Estrogens ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters

The present study aims to evaluate the adverse effects of contaminated urban river water on fish. Hepatic antioxidant parameters, including the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase, as well as glutathione content, were significantly inhibited in zebrafish upon 14-d exposure to urban river water sampled from Shanghai, China, which was determined to be potentially contaminated by environmental estrogens (EEs) using the yeast estrogen screen bioassay. However, using estradiol as an estrogen standard for exposure, our results did not show a direct correlation between EE contamination and impairment of the antioxidant defense system of fish.

Oxidative balance and immunodetection of antioxidant enzymes in the hepatopancreas of the crab Chasmagnathus granulata subjected to anoxia and reoxygenation

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ubirajara O. de Oliveira ◽  
Adriane Belló-Klein ◽  
Luiz Carlos Kucharski
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Oxidative Balance ◽  
Chasmagnathus Granulata ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Response Profiles ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Crab Chasmagnathus Granulata

The present study shows the activities and concentrations of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the hepatopancreas of the crab Chasmagnathus granulata (Dana, 1851) (Decapoda, Brachyura) when exposed to periods of anoxia (8 h) and aerobic recovery (20 and 40 min post anoxia). Exposure to anoxia did not cause any change in the activities of the enzymes analyzed. The activities of these enzymes did not change with a decrease in environmental oxygen concentration. During reoxygenation, enzyme activities returned to control levels. The concentrations and activities of SOD and GST presented different response profiles. Exposure to anoxia caused increased lipoperoxidation (conjugated dienes and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), whereas aerobic recovery reduced lipoperoxidation. The results of this study showed that C. granulata adjusts its antioxidant defense systems in an attempt to reduce and (or) avoid damage resulting from the reintroduction of oxygen.

scholarly journals The antioxidant defense system in Chinese jujube is triggered to cope with phytoplasma invasion

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1437-1449
Author(s):  
Chaoling Xue ◽  
Zhiguo Liu ◽  
Lihu Wang ◽  
Hongtai Li ◽  
Weilin Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Chinese Jujube ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Broom Disease

Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants increase dramatically under pathogen attack, and the antioxidant defense system is then triggered to protect the plant against the ROS. Jujube witches’ broom disease (JWB), caused by phytoplasma, is a destructive disease of Chinese jujube. The results of fluorescence-based measurement revealed that ROS were overproduced within jujube leaves after phytoplasma invasion. Furthermore, analysis based on mRNA and metabolite levels revealed that ascorbic acid (AsA) metabolism was strengthened under phytoplasma stress. The high expression of genes involved in the AsA/glutathione (GSH) cycle and thioredoxin (Trx) synthesis in diseased leaves indicated that GSH and Trx actively respond to phytoplasma infection. Moreover, higher activities of enzymatic antioxidants and the upregulated expression of related genes were confirmed in diseased tissues. Both nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants in the host jujube were strongly stimulated to cope with ROS caused by phytoplasma stress. Compared with that in the susceptible variety, the activities of glutathione S-transferase and peroxidase in the resistant variety at the earlier infection stage were higher, indicating that enzymes might be involved in the resistance to phytoplasma. These results highlight the roles of the antioxidant defense system of the host plant in the tolerance to phytoplasma invasion.

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