Histophysiology and innervation of the pituitary gland of the goldfish, Carassius auratus L.: a light and electron microscope investigation

Six secretory cell types (prolactin-, ACTH-, somatotropin- (STH-), TSH-, and two presumptive gonadotropin- (GTH-) secreting cells) were identified in light or electron microscope preparations of goldfish pars distalis. A further two cell types of unknown function were demonstrated in the pars intermedia. Cellular identification was based on the position of cells within the adenohypophysis and on the staining properties or morphological characteristics of the cytoplasmic granules.The prolactin-, ACTH-, and STH-secreting cells and the pars intermedia cells appeared to release granules into the basement membrane whereas granule release from TSH- and GTH-secreting cells was not found.Many of the adenohypophysial cell types were innervated directly or across a basement membrane by B-type neurohypophysial fibers. A-type neurosecretory fibers were associated with blood vessels and pituicytes within the neurohypophysis. The possible role(s) of the two types of pituicytes is discussed.

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SEM of Hepatocytes and Biliary Passages in Goldfish Liver

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100080213 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 556-557

Author(s):

Waykin Nopanitaya ◽

Joe W. Grisham ◽

Johnny L. Carson

Keyword(s):

Carassius Auratus ◽

Cell Layer ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Cell Types ◽

Biliary System ◽

Fish Food ◽

Commercial Fish ◽

Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽

Commercial Fish Food

An interesting feature of the goldfish liver is the morphology of the hepatic plate, which is always formed by a two-cell layer of hepatocytes. Hepatic plates of the goldfish liver contain an infrequently seen second type of cell, in the centers of plates between two hepatocytes. A TEH study by Yamamoto (1) demonstrated ultrastructural differences between hepatocytes and centrally located cells in hepatic plates; the latter were classified as ductule cells of the biliary system. None of the previous studies clearly showed a three-dimensional organization of the two cell types described. In the present investigation we utilize SEM to elucidate the arrangement of hepatocytes and bile ductular cells in intralobular plates of goldfish liver.Livers from young goldfish (Carassius auratus), about 6-10 cm, fed commercial fish food were used for this study. Hepatic samples were fixed in 4% buffered paraformaldehyde, cut into pieces, fractured, osmicated, CPD, mounted Au-Pd coated, and viewed by SEM at 17-20 kV. Our observations were confined to the ultrastructure of biliary passages within intralobular plates, ductule cells, and hepatocytes.

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Morphological differences in embryos of goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus) under different incubation temperatures

The International Journal of Developmental Biology ◽

10.1387/ijdb.190144hu ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 63 (11-12) ◽

pp. 597-604 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hirotaro Urushibata ◽

Eisuke Takahashi ◽

Yu Shimizu ◽

Toshiya Miyazaki ◽

Takafumi Fujimoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carassius Auratus ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Temperature Tolerance ◽

Cell Stage ◽

Animal Pole ◽

Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Incubation Temperatures ◽

Single Batch

The goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus) is a useful species for embryonic micromanipulations because of its large egg size and wide temperature tolerance. Here, we describe in detail the rate of development and morphological characteristics of goldfish embryos incubated at temperatures between 10 °C and 30 °C. The cleavage speed increased rapidly as temperature increased. Synchronized cell divisions occurred at 131 min intervals at 10ºC, at 33 min intervals at 20 °C, and at 19 min intervals at 30 °C during the cleavage period. The rate of hatched abnormal embryos significantly increased at temperatures of 26 °C and above, while there was no change in the number of abnormal embryos at temperatures less than 24 °C. Moreover, the blastomeres around the center of the blastodisc rose in the direction of the animal pole at temperatures less than 14 °C. At the lower temperatures, clusters of maternally-supplied germplasm were visualized both at the ends of the first three cleavage furrows and at the border between the lower and upper tiers at the 16- to 32-cell stage, with injection of artificial mRNA and vasa in situ hybridization. This study showed that temperature affects not only developmental speed but also the shape of the blastodisc and the distribution of maternally-supplied materials in the blastodisc. By controlling the temperature, it is possible for researchers to prepare many stages of embryos and shapes of the blastodisc from a single batch of eggs.

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Hematological characterization of goldfish, Carassius auratus L., by image analysis: effects of thermal acclimation and heat shock

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z91-285 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 69 (8) ◽

pp. 2041-2047 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

A. H. Houston ◽

A. Murad

Keyword(s):

Image Analysis ◽

Form Factor ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Cell Population ◽

Carassius Auratus ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Nuclear Form Factor ◽

Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Temperature Regimes

The morphological characteristics of erythrocyte populations from goldfish, Carassius auratus L., acclimated to constant (15, 25, or 35 °C) and diurnally cycling (25 ± 10 °C) temperature regimes or exposed to abrupt heat shock (15–25 °C, 25–35 °C) were examined by image analysis in an attempt to develop criteria for assessing the stage of development and red cell population age structure. Of the indices considered, nuclear form factor (4π area/perimeter2) appeared to best define the immature state. Estimates of juvenile cell abundances based on nuclear form factor ranged from 23.2 to 56.5% of the cell population and were generally consistent with the thermal histories of the test groups examined. Erythrocyte population characterization is recommended for inclusion in future studies on hematological features of response to altered environmental conditions.

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Colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor protein expression is a specific marker for goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) macrophage progenitors and their differentiated cell types

Fish & Shellfish Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.fsi.2011.12.003 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 434-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Barbara A. Katzenback ◽

Miodrag Belosevic

Keyword(s):

Protein Expression ◽

Carassius Auratus ◽

Cell Types ◽

Receptor Protein ◽

Specific Marker ◽

Colony Stimulating Factor ◽

Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽

Stimulating Factor

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Evidence for two secretory cell types in the Stannius bodies of the teleosts Fundulus heteroclitus and Carassius auratus

Cell and Tissue Research ◽

10.1007/bf00233962 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 212 (2) ◽

pp. 295-306 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

S. E. Wendelaar Bonga ◽

J. C. A. van der Meij ◽

P. K. T. Pang

Keyword(s):

Carassius Auratus ◽

Fundulus Heteroclitus ◽

Secretory Cell ◽

Cell Types

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Activity of autotransplanted pituitary glands in goldfish, Carassius auratus L., maintained in different ambient salinities

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z73-033 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 225-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

J. F. Leatherland ◽

D. M. Ensor

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Gland ◽

Tap Water ◽

Cell Types ◽

Pars Intermedia ◽

Pars Distalis ◽

Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽

Cell Height ◽

Small Rise ◽

Pituitary Glands ◽

Interrenal Cells

Pituitary histology was compared in in situ and autotransplanted glands in goldfish which were acclimated to four different ambient media. In addition, the histology of the gonad and interrenal and thyroid gland and plasma Na+ and K+ concentrations were examined in these fish as well as in hypophysectomized animals acclimated to the same external media.The rostral pars distalis (RPD) epsilon cells, presumptive proximal pars distalis (PPD) thyrotrophs, and pars intermedia (PI) PAS stainable (+ve) cells appear to function only with intact hypothalamic–adenohypophysial connections whereas the remaining pituitary cell types were independent of hypothalamic control and in some cases (RPD eta cells and basophil cells) were directly affected by environmental salinity.The thyroid epithelial cell height (TEH) was elevated in all the groups of fish in 30% seawater. The significant (albeit small) rise in pharyngeal TEH in hypophysectomized animals in 30% seawater may indicate a direct effect of the ambient environment on thyroid gland activity.The interrenal cell nucleus diameter was not significantly affected by any of the treatments although cytological changes were found in the interrenal cells in hypophysectomized and to a lesser extent in autotransplanted fish, which indicated a lower activity in these groups when compared with shamoperated controls; there was no apparent effect of salinity on interrenal cell activity.Plasma Na+ concentrations were not maintained in fish with autotransplanted pituitaries acclimated to hypotonic media (distilled and tap water); thus the viability of endocrine factors which regulate plasma Na+ levels in the goldfish appears to be impaired in these fish.

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