Annual spawning cycles and planktonic larvae of benthic invertebrates from Passamaquoddy Bay, New Brunswick

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lacalli
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Invertebrates ◽  
Diatom Bloom ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Polychaete Species ◽  
Lecithotrophic Larva ◽  
Planktonic Larvae ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
Planktotrophic Larvae ◽  
Spawning Periods ◽  
First Time

Periods of larval occurrence are reported for 19 polychaete species and 10 other common planktonic larvae. Egg sizes are given for 29 polychaete species with estimates of spawning period for 14 of these based on studies of the adult worms. Spawning periods are shown to correlate better with larval type (e.g. whether planktotrophic or lecithotrophic) than with the zoogeographic distribution of the adults. Among the planktotrophic larvae, the evidence suggests that some larvae (e.g. polynoid larvae) develop successfully only during the spring diatom bloom, and gamete wastage may result from any substantial mismatch between the diatom bloom and spawning period. The lecithotrophic larva of the tunicate Boltenia ovifera, which spawns in midwinter, is described for the first time.

scholarly journals Morphology and Timing of Spawning of Umatilla Dace (Rhinichthys umatilla) in the Slocan River, British Columbia

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Louise Porto ◽  
Crystal Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Columbia River Basin ◽  
Terrestrial Vegetation ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Time ◽  
Timing Of Spawning

Umatilla Dace (Rhinichthys umatilla, Cyprinidae) are endemic to the Columbia River Basin. In Canada, this species is assessed as “threatened”. Little is known about its life history, especially with respect to spawning in the wild. A total of 688 specimens were captured, including 39 mature males and females displaying spawning colouration and tubercles, during minnow trapping and electrofishing surveys conducted on the Slocan River in southern British Columbia, Canada. Fertilized eggs were not observed, but eggs and milt were expressed from ripe individuals. Spawning was estimated to occur from mid-July to mid-September. Aquatic macrophytes and flooded terrestrial vegetation were important habitat features for mature Umatilla Dace leading up to the spawning period on the Slocan River. To our knowledge this is the first time that Umatilla Dace have been captured in spawning condition and observed with spawning colouration and tubercles in the wild in Canada. Results of this study will aid the development of recovery plans and management for this species in British Columbia.

The Sea Garfish, Reporhamphus melanochir (Cuvier & Valenciennes) (Hemi-ramphidae), in South Australia: Breeding, Age Determination, and Growth Rate

1958 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
JK Ling
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Catch Statistics ◽  
Average Size ◽  
First Time ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Sexually Mature

There are seven macroscopic gonad stages recognizable in male sea garfish. and eight in females with which ova diameter measurements have been correlated . In South Australia the spawning period lasts from late September to early March. and activity is most intense during October and November . A second period of breeding activity may occur in February . A few females are sexually mature at 2 years. but the majority do not spawn for the first time until the end of 3 years .This applies also to males. A latent maturation cycle is demonstrated in immature female garfish. The use of otoliths for age determination is described and the method validated by Petersen length frequency polygons. The rate of growth has been deduced from calculated intermediate lengths of younger garfish, based on an otolith lengthlfish length relation and the mean lengths of older age groups. The weight of the garfish varies as the cube of the length. Females attain a larger average size than males after the third pear. Gulf St. Vincent females grow faster than those in other regions; males, however, are variable. Application of these results to a management policy for the commercial fishery is severely restricted by the inadequate official catch statistics. However, it is recommended that netting of garfish in Coffin's Bay be prohibited, but that no change in the minimum legal length should be made for the present.

The life-histories of the bivalves Montacuta substriata and M. ferruginosa, ‘commensals’ with spatangoids

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Gage
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Planktonic Larvae ◽  
Settlement And Metamorphosis ◽  
Planktotrophic Larvae

The life-histories of the erycinaceans Montacuta substriata and M. ferruginosa were investigated with special reference to the initiation of their ‘commensal’ associations. The planktotrophic larvae are released in summer as veligers after incubation within the adults, and they may spend several months in the plankton before settlement and metamorphosis. Larvae of both species, isolated from the Plymouth plankton, were reared to post-larval stages that were comparable with spat found associated with spatangoids. Some corrections are made of the identifications of planktonic larvae, of these and other Erycinacea, by previous authors. Experiments showed that, apart from being more active, the responses of walking post-larvae are similar to those I have described previously with adults. It is considered that the reactions operate, in an integrated manner similar to the adults, in initiating their associations with spatangoids; the behaviour of the adults in maintaining and re-establishing their associations would thus represent a retention of larval faculties. Possible reasons for the restriction of M. substriata to superficial burrowers and the less specific occurrences of small M. ferruginosa amongst spatangoids—including both deep and shallow-burrowing species—are discussed.

scholarly journals Reproductive traits of horned octopus Eledone cirrhosa in Atlantic Iberian waters

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1641-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Regueira ◽  
Angel F. González ◽  
Ángel Guerra ◽  
Amadeu Soares
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Potential Fecundity ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Endogenous Reserves ◽  
First Maturity ◽  
First Time ◽  
Size At First Maturity

Length–weight relationships, sex-ratio, maturity patterns, size at first maturity, reproductive outputs, fecundity and spawning period of horned octopus Eledone cirrhosa in north-west Iberian coast are presented for the first time. Samples were collected between February 2009 and July 2011 in four fishing ports along the north-west Iberian coast: Burela in north Galician waters (NGW), Ribeira or Bueu in western Galician waters (WGW), and Aveiro in western Portuguese waters (WPW). A total of 4127 individuals (1042 males, 3079 females and six undetermined) were sampled. Individuals ranged from 45 to 191 mm dorsal mantle length (ML) and 15–1159 g body weight (BW). The overall sex-ratio was biased towards females, accounting for 74.71% of whole sample. Main spawning season of this species in north-western Iberian waters extends from May to June. Size at first maturity (ML50%) of males was 108.9 mm in NGW, 99.25 mm in WGW, and 91.4 mm in WPW, whereas ML50% for females were 134.5 mm, 121.4 mm and 100.8 mm, respectively. Potential fecundity was 2452.88 ± 36.4 oocytes per ovary (N = 697). Mean oocyte length was 3.89 ± 0.025 mm (N = 697). The average number of fully developed spermatophores in mature males was 86.55 ± 1.9 (N = 223) with a mean length of 44.97 ± 0.29 mm (N = 224). Potential fecundity in females was significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with ML and BW. Results obtained suggest that energy for gonad growth comes from the diet rather than endogenous reserves.

scholarly journals The Biogeography of Islands: Preliminary Results from a Comparative Study of the Isles of Scilly and Cornwall

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Kendall ◽  
S. Widdicombe ◽  
J.J. Davey ◽  
P.P. Somerfield ◽  
M.C.V. Austen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Island Biogeography ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Remote Island ◽  
Planktonic Larvae ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Planktotrophic Larvae

Studies of the interplay of immigration, emigration and extinction in shaping the fauna of islands (McArthur & Wilson, 1967) have influenced the terrestrial ecologists view of the creation and maintenance of diversity. Although in the deep ocean, hydrothermal vents have been the subject of a number of biogeographic studies (Tunnicliffe, 1991), there have been few attempts to validate theories of island biogeography in the shallow marine environment. To rectify this situation, a study comparing the fauna of the mainland of Cornwall, with that of the Isles of Scilly, which lie 45 km from the mainland and were separated from it ~0·3 my BP has been undertaken.Evidence for some comparative impoverishment of the Isles of Scilly fauna was provided by Crisp & Southward (1958) who noted that a small number of cirripedes and molluscs with planktonic larvae, living close to their geographic limits of distribution in Cornwall, were unable to bridge the gap to the islands. They suggested that although species with long-lived planktonic larvae can be widely dispersed, excessive dispersal can lead to their loss from the fauna of small islands. This is clearly demonstrated on the remote island of Rockall where both Crisp (1956) and Moore (1977) noted that only animals with direct development occur. On the Island of Lundy, four species of gastropod were estimated to be less abundant than on the mainland which lies only 18 km away (Hawkins & Hiscock, 1983). However, such studies only deal with a small number of conspicuous intertidal species, and there is a requirement to expand observations to the community level. The present study attempts to question the following hypotheses: (1) α - diversity (that of single samples) is lower on the islands than the mainland; (2) the diversity of species with planktotrophic larvae is lower on the islands than on the mainland.

scholarly journals New phytoplankton species in the Bay of Fundy since 1995

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Martin ◽  
Murielle M. LeGresley
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Lime Kiln ◽  
Phytoplankton Distribution ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
Odontella Sinensis ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
First Time

Abstract Martin, J. L., and LeGresley, M. M. 2008. New phytoplankton species in the Bay of Fundy since 1995. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 759–764. A monitoring programme was initiated in 1987 to study phytoplankton populations in the Western Isles region of the Bay of Fundy, southwest New Brunswick. Samples are collected weekly from May through October, and monthly during the remaining months, to determine phytoplankton distribution and abundance at Brandy Cove, Lime Kiln Bay, Deadmans Harbour, the Wolves Islands, and mid-Passamaquoddy Bay. Since the programme was initiated, several previously absent or non-indigenous species have been found, suggesting that new species may have been introduced to the area. In order to establish a baseline for species indigenous to Bay of Fundy waters, we have taken a conservative approach and termed species reported for the first time in the Bay of Fundy system since 1995 as “new” species. New species include the following: (dinoflagellates) Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax, Amphidinium carterae, A. sphenoides, Ceratium macroceros, Polykrikos schwartzii, Preperidinium meunieri, Protoperidinium crassipes, and Pyrocystis lunata; (diatoms) Attheya septentrionalis, Attheya longicornis, Chaetoceros radicans, Cylindrotheca gracilis, Grammatophora serpentina, Lithodesmium undulatum, Mediopyxis helysia, Membraneis challengeri, Neodenticula seminae, Odontella sinensis, Proboscia eumorpha, Pseudo-nitzschia subpacifica, Pseudo-nitzschia fraudulenta, and Thalassiosira punctigera.

Aspects of the life history of Meganyctiphanes norvegica (M. Sars), Crustacea (Euphausiacea), in Passamaquoddy Bay

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Hollingshead ◽  
S. Corey
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
History Of ◽  
Meganyctiphanes Norvegica ◽  
First Time

Monthly collections of Meganyctiphanes norvegica for a 19-monih period in Passamaquoddy Bay showed that these euphausiids were present in the bay in varying numbers from February to November but virtually disappeared in December and January. Sexual maturity is attained in 1 year with gonadal development taking 3 months, and spawning occurring in July and August. The resulting generation will breed and spawn for the first time the next July as age group I. Age group I grows from April until August; from September until March, very little growth occurs. After a second breeding and spawning, the animals die, having a life span of 2 years.

scholarly journals POLIQUETOS ERRANTES (POLYCHAETA: ERRANTIA) ESCLEROBIONTES DEL PUERTO DE MAZATLÁN, SINALOA (MÉXICO)

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulio F Villalobos Guerrero ◽  
María Ana Tovar Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Tropical Eastern Pacific ◽  
Fouling Communities ◽  
Habitat Distribution ◽  
Species List ◽  
Polychaete Species ◽  
Navigation Channel ◽  
Northwestern Mexico ◽  
First Time

Mazatlan is the main sea and coastal port from northwestern Mexico. There are maritime metallic signaling buoys throughout the navigation channel, these provide a favorable substrate for the establishment of diverse fouling communities. This study discloses the composition of errant eunicemorph and phyllodocemorph polychaete species associated to metallic buoys during an annual cycle (2009). The polychaetofauna is represented by 6 families, 17 genera and 22 species. Nine are nominal species, seven are potentially new species and six require of detailed studies to clarify their identity. Pterocirrus (Phyllodocidae) is recorded by the first time in the Tropical Eastern Pacific. The habitat, distribution and taxonomic comments of the recorded species are indicated; furthermore, a fouling polychaete species list in the Gulf of California is included.

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