The Sea Garfish, Reporhamphus melanochir (Cuvier & Valenciennes) (Hemi-ramphidae), in South Australia: Breeding, Age Determination, and Growth Rate

1958 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
JK Ling
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Catch Statistics ◽  
Average Size ◽  
First Time ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Sexually Mature

There are seven macroscopic gonad stages recognizable in male sea garfish. and eight in females with which ova diameter measurements have been correlated . In South Australia the spawning period lasts from late September to early March. and activity is most intense during October and November . A second period of breeding activity may occur in February . A few females are sexually mature at 2 years. but the majority do not spawn for the first time until the end of 3 years .This applies also to males. A latent maturation cycle is demonstrated in immature female garfish. The use of otoliths for age determination is described and the method validated by Petersen length frequency polygons. The rate of growth has been deduced from calculated intermediate lengths of younger garfish, based on an otolith lengthlfish length relation and the mean lengths of older age groups. The weight of the garfish varies as the cube of the length. Females attain a larger average size than males after the third pear. Gulf St. Vincent females grow faster than those in other regions; males, however, are variable. Application of these results to a management policy for the commercial fishery is severely restricted by the inadequate official catch statistics. However, it is recommended that netting of garfish in Coffin's Bay be prohibited, but that no change in the minimum legal length should be made for the present.

The New South Wales Tiger Flathead, Neoplatycephalus macrodon (Ogilby). I. Biology and Age Determination

1951 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
WS Fairbridge
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fish Length ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Trawl Fishery ◽  
The North ◽  
Catch Statistics

In a previous paper the catch statistics of the east Australian trawl fishery (Fairbridge 1948) were discussed, and in the present work, the biology of the most important species, the tiger flathead, is examined in greater detail. An age determination technique is developed for this species, and the age composition of the catch of recent years is analysed. The sampling technique carried out at the Sydney Fishmarkets is described and tested. The results are given of the first experimental trawling in Australian waters using a fine-meshed cover on the codend. The biology of the species is studied, chiefly from the point of view of establishing the age determination technique and the final analysis of the catch. Spawning is protracted, lasting throughout the six warmer months, and takes place throughout the geographical range of the species. The males spawn first in their second year, the females in their third or fourth. The "condition" (K) of the gutted fish is lowest in February, after spawning. It is probable that there is a single, genetically uniform stock, with a single centre of maximum occurrence. The younger age-groups probably do not undertake extensive coastwise movement; as a result, local areas are liable to become relatively depopulated by heavy fishing. The method of collecting and reading the flathead otolith is described. The otolith is found to grow isauxetically above a fish-length of 10 cm., and the technique of back-calculation is therefore used as an aid in age determina- tion. The otolith in this species is certainly not as clear to interpret as that of the North Sea plaice, but is probably comparable with that of the cod or hake.

Age and growth pattern of the thin-lipped mullet Liza Ramada in the Eastern coast of Libya.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (06) ◽  
pp. 4620
Author(s):  
Manal M. Khalifa ◽  
Ramadan A. S. Ali ◽  
Abdalla N. Elawad* ◽  
Mohammad El. ElMor
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Growth Equation ◽  
Length Frequency Distribution ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
Scale Reading ◽  
Von Bertalanffy Growth Equation

Age and growth characteristics of the thin-lipped Grey Mullet (Liza ramada) were investigated in Eastern coast of Libya. Aging was done by two methods: counting annuli on scales and by length frequency distribution, a total of 218 scales were studied for age determination, in addition of 334 fishes specimen for length frequency distribution reading. Four age groups were determined from scale reading, and five age groups from length frequency distribution methods, the parameters of the Von Bertalanffy growth equation for both sex of all individuals were estimated at 35.4 cm, 0.187 per year, -1.14 years and 2.4, for male were estimated at 35.7 cm, 0.17 per year, -1.367 and 2.3, for female were 38.6 cm, 0.156 per year, -1.383 and 2.4, for L∞, k and t0, and φ′, respectively.

scholarly journals Nanoliposomal Cercodemasoide A and Its Improved Activities Against NTERA-2 Cancer Stem Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2098210
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Nga ◽  
Do Thi Phuong ◽  
Nguyen Thi Cuc ◽  
Trieu Ha Phuong ◽  
Pham Thi Mai Huong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Novel Target ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Biopharmaceutical Properties ◽  
First Time

Recently, saponins derived from marine sources have received much attention because of their promising bioactivities, such as anticancer, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-inflammation. In particular, a triterpene saponin from the sea cucumber Cercodemas anceps Selenka, cercodemasoide A (CAN1), showed potent cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines. Recent evidence has indicated that cancer stem cells (CSCs) could be a novel target for efficient cancer therapies. In order to improve the biopharmaceutical properties of CAN1, the compound was loaded into nanoliposomes as an ideal drug carrier. CAN1 was successfully incorporated into nanoliposomes as small unilamellar liposome vesicles with an average size of 73.39 ± 1.57 nm, zeta potential of −0.299 ± 0.046 mV, polydispersity index of 0.336 ± 0.038, and with an encapsulation efficiency of up to 62.9%. For the first time, CAN1 and its nanoliposomal forms have been shown to have a promising cytotoxic activity against NTERA-2 CSCs, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) =1.03 ± 0.04 and 0.41 ± 0.03 µM, respectively. The CAN1 nanoliposomes also presented significantly improved activities in suppressing the growth of NTERA-2 3-dimensional tumorspheres (IC50 = 1.71 ± 0.06 µM) in comparison with the free form ( P < .05). The anti-CSC effects of CAN1 nanoliposomes on NTERA-2 cells were due to their apoptotic induction through enhancing caspase-3 activity (more than 2-fold) and arresting the cell cycle at the S phase ( P < .05). The obtained CAN1-encapsulated nanoliposomes suggest valuable applications in CSC-targeting treatment for more efficient clinical therapy.

scholarly journals Directly ageing the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus with validated band counts from gastric mill ossicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 442-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaya Gnanalingam ◽  
Mark J Butler ◽  
Thomas R Matthews ◽  
Emily Hutchinson ◽  
Raouf Kilada
Keyword(s):  
Spiny Lobster ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Panulirus Argus ◽  
Gastric Mill ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Reader Experience

Abstract In crustaceans, ecdysis was long believed to result in the loss and replacement of all calcified structures, precluding the use of conventional ageing methods. However, the discovery of bands in the gastric ossicles of several crustaceans with some correlation with age suggests that direct age estimation may be possible. We applied this method to a tropical spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, one of the most iconic and economically valuable species in the Caribbean. The presence of growth bands was investigated using wild lobsters of unknown age and was validated with captive reared lobsters of known age (1.5–10 years) from the Florida Keys, Florida (USA). Bands were consistently identified in ptero- and zygo-cardiac ossicles of the gastric mill and did not appear to be associated with moulting. Validation with known age animals confirms that bands form annually. Counts between independent readers were reproducible with coefficients of variation ranging from 11% to 26% depending on reader experience and the structure used. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that direct age determination of P. argus is possible.

Microhabitat use of different age groups of snake-eyed skink and Eastern green lizard

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dániel Kovács ◽  
István Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Management ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Carpathian Basin ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Environmental Niche ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Lacerta Viridis ◽  
First Time

Although Ablepharus kitaibelii and its subspecies are wide-spread, being distributed from the Carpathian Basin through the Balkans to Iraq, their habitat and environmental niche is poorly known. Ablepharus kitaibelii fitzingeri is almost entirely limited to the Carpathian Basin, and is amongst the most strictly protected and least known reptiles of Central and Eastern Europe. The main aim of our study was to determine habitat use preferences of different age groups of A. kitaibelii fitzingeri and Lacerta viridis. The occurrence of green lizard was determined by the abundance of refugia rather than by the naturalness of grasslands. The snake-eyed skink prefers semi-natural grasslands with abundant tussock-forming grass or sedge species, avoiding densely shrubby places. For the first time, we show that woodland mosaics lacking shrubs and temporary grasslands next to forest edges are important for the species. Microhabitat use by snake-eyed skink varies with age group; adults preferring shady edge zones rich in leaf litter and shadier grassland spots provided by woodland mosaics, whereas juveniles were found in natural, more open grasslands far from forest edges and in woodland mosaics with dense shrubby understory. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the ecological needs of A. kitaibelii fitzingeri. Our methodology could be adapted to other species and subspecies of Ablepharus. Based on our results, it is important to reconsider habitat management activities, which should not be limited to shrub control: the main goal should be the development of a diverse habitat structure.

Rubidium and Strontium age determination of some Pre-Cambrian granitic rocks, S.E. Uganda

1971 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Old ◽  
D. C. Rex
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Granitic Rocks ◽  
Age Limit ◽  
Age Determinations

SummaryWhole rock rubidium-strontium age determinations on granitic bodies in S.E. Uganda give ages of 2930 m.y. for the Masaba Granite and 2430 m.y. for the Buteba Granite and granitic gneisses. The former age is considered to represent the upper age limit of the post-Nyanzian orogeny, and 2430 m.y. the upper age limit of the post-Kavirondian orogeny. A second isochron age of 2100 m.y. for the Masaba Granite may reflect a second intrusion, or remobilization of part of the original granite associated with the Buganda–Toro orogeny. Tentative correlations are suggested between these age groups and others within the Tanzanian Shield and beyond.

scholarly journals The Influence of Relative Age Effects on the Cardiorespiratory Fitness Levels of Children Age 9 to 10 and 11 to 12 Years of Age

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. Roberts ◽  
Lynne M. Boddy ◽  
Stuart J. Fairclough ◽  
Gareth Stratton
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Fitness Testing ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
First Time

The aims of this study were firstly to examine whether there was an observed relative age effect in the cardiorespiratory fitness scores of 9-10 and 11-12 year old children, and secondly whether any observed effect was maintained after controlling for somatic maturity. Cardiorespiratory fitness data from 11,404 children aged 9-10 years and 3,911 children aged 11-12 years were obtained from a large cross-sectional field-based fitness testing program. A one-way ANOVA revealed a statistically significant relative age effect (p < .01) existed in the 20mSRT scores across all the age groups. Furthermore, ANCOVA analyses identified a statistically significant relative age effect was maintained after controlling for somatic maturation (p < .05). From a public health perspective these results confirm the existence of relative age effects for the first time and consequently may hold implications for relatively younger children in the accurate assessment of their cardiorespiratory fitness scores.

scholarly journals Age, Growth and Ovarian Histology of Sardinella aurita (Valenciennes, 1847) in the South of Atlantic Moroccan Coast

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 191-204
Author(s):  
Ayoub Baali ◽  
Oum Keltoum Belhsen ◽  
Khalil Chahdi Ouazzani ◽  
Khadija Amenzoui ◽  
Ahmed Yahyaoui
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Length Frequency Distribution ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
The South ◽  
Moroccan Coast ◽  
Sardinella Aurita

Otoliths reading and length frequency distribution were used for age determination and growth estimation of Sardinella aurita (round sardinella) stock of Southern Atlantic coast of Morocco. Both otoliths' method for age determination and Bhattacharya’s method for length frequency analysis showed five age groups. The growth performance index revealed that there is significant accordance among method of length frequency distribution and otoliths reading for stock assessment studies of Sardinella aurita stock in the south of Morocco. The microscopic observation of female gonads using histology method was investigated for the first time in our study area and confirms the presence of five principal stages of ovary of sardinella aurita: immature, maturing virgin and recovering spent, mature (or pre-spawning phase), spawning, post-spawning or spent. In addition, our results of the fecundity showed that the mean relative fecundity obtained is estimated at 193 ± 98 oocytes/g which is lower compared to those obtained in other areas in the Atlantic coast.

scholarly journals Virological and Epidemiological Features of Norovirus Infections in Brazil, 2017–2018

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1724
Author(s):  
Sylvia Kahwage Sarmento ◽  
Juliana da Silva Ribeiro de Andrade ◽  
Marize Pereira Miagostovich ◽  
Tulio Machado Fumian
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Median Viral Load ◽  
Molecular Surveillance ◽  
Predominant Genotype ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Partial Rdrp ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
First Time

Noroviruses are considered an important cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) across all age groups. Here, we investigated the incidence of norovirus, genotypes circulation, and norovirus shedding in AGE stool samples from outpatients in Brazil. During a two-year period, 1546 AGE stool samples from ten Brazilian states were analyzed by RT-qPCR to detect and quantify GI and GII noroviruses. Positive samples were genotyped by dual sequencing using the ORF1/2 junction region. Overall, we detected norovirus in 32.1% of samples, with a massive predominance of GII viruses (89.1%). We also observed a significant difference between the median viral load of norovirus GI (3.4×105 GC/g of stool) and GII (1.9×107 GC/g). The most affected age group was children aged between 6 and 24 m old, and norovirus infection was detected throughout the year without marked seasonality. Phylogenetic analysis of partial RdRp and VP1 regions identified six and 11 genotype combinations of GI and GII, respectively. GII.4 Sydney[P16] was by far the predominant genotype (47.6%), followed by GII.2[P16], GII.4 Sydney[P31], and GII.6[P7]. We detected, for the first time in Brazil, the intergenogroup recombinant genotype GIX.1[GII.P15]. Our study contributes to the knowledge of norovirus genotypes circulation at the national level, reinforcing the importance of molecular surveillance programs for future vaccine designs.

scholarly journals PROFIL KANDIDIASIS VULVOVAGINALIS DI POLIKLINIK KULIT DAN KELAMIN RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE JANUARI – DESEMBER 2013

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novita Limbu Tasik ◽  
Grace M. Kapantow ◽  
Renate T. Kandou
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Frequent Type ◽  
First Time ◽  
Female Reproductive Organs

Abstract: Vulvovaginalis candidiasis (VVC) is a disease of female reproductive organs with the site of infection at the vulva and vagina mucosa characterized by vaginal discharge and itching due to the uncontrolled growth of the fungus Candida albicans. This study aimed to obtain the profile of vulvovaginalis candidiasis cases at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospiptal Manado from January to December 2013. This was a retrospective descriptive study using the medical record. The results showed that of 29 VVC cases (0.70%), the largest age groups were 15-24 and 25-44 years (41.4%). Housewives and students were the most found jobs (20.7%). The discharge accompanied by itching was found in 34.5% of cases. The use of douching and pregnancy were predisposing factors (13.8%). Gram examinations resulted in spores, budding cell, and pseudohyphae were found in 62.1% of cases. Patients who was infected by VVC for the first time were 82.8%. The most frequent type of therapy was combination therapy (48.3%). Keywords: vulvovaginalis candidiasis   Abstrak: Kandidiasis vulvovaginalis (KVV) merupakan suatu penyakit organ reproduksi pada wanita dimana terjadi infeksi pada mukosa vulva dan vagina ditandai dengan adanya keputihan dan gatal dikarenakan pertumbuhan tidak terkendali dari jamur Candida albicans. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil pasien kandidiasis vulvovaginalis di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari – Desember 2013. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif retrospektif dengan mengevaluasi catatan rekam medik pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 29 kasus KVV. Kelompok umur terbanyak 15-24 dan 25-44 tahun (41,4%); pekerjaan terbanyak ialah ibu rumah tangga dan pelajar (20,7%); keputihan disertai gatal (34,5%); faktor predisposisi terbanyak yaitu penggunaan douching dan kehamilan (13.8%). Pemeriksaan Gram ditemukan spora, buddingcell dan pseudohifa ditemukan pada 62,1% kasus. Pasien yang baru pertama kali terinfeksi KVV  sebanyak 82,8%. Jenis terapi terbanyak yang diberikan yaitu terapi kombinasi sebanyak 48,3%). Kata kunci: kandidiasis vulvovaginalis

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