Identification of free and conjugated steroids, including cortisol and 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, in the milt of Pacific herring, Clupea harengus pallasi

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Scott ◽  
Nancy M. Sherwood ◽  
A. V. M. Canario ◽  
Carol M. Warby
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
Clupea Harengus Pallasi ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Free Steroid ◽  
Conjugated Steroids

Milt from Pacific herring (Clupea harengus pallasi) was extracted and purified on reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The fractions were radioimmunoassayed for the following free and conjugated steroids: cortisol; 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one; 17α,20α-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one; 17α,21-dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione; 17α,20β,21-trihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one; 17α-hydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione; 3α,17α,21-trihydroxy-5β-pregnan-20-one; testosterone; 11-ketotestosterone. Fractions containing significant amounts of immunoreactive material were subjected to further purification on thin-layer chromatography. Substantial amounts of cortisol (271 ng∙g−1 of milt) and 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen- 3-one (ca. 38 ng∙g−1 of milt) were found in the free fractions of one of the extracts. Substantial amounts of cortisol (229 ng∙g−1 of milt), 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (25.7 ng∙g−1 of milt), and 3a, 17α,21-trihydroxy-5β-pregnan- 20-one (13 ng∙g−1 of milt) were found in the conjugated fractions of both extracts. Levels of the other steroids (free and conjugated) ranged from undetectable (<0.1) to 5.9 ng∙g−1 of milt. The possible reasons for the differences in free steroid levels between the extracts, and the potential role of the steroids as pheromones, are discussed.

scholarly journals Apical ANG II-stimulated PLA2activity and Na+flux: a potential role for Ca2+-independent PLA2

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (4) ◽  
pp. F554-F562 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Becker ◽  
H.-F. Cheng ◽  
R. C. Harris
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Water Reabsorption ◽  
Suicide Substrate ◽  
Permeable Supports ◽  
Cells Cultured

Type 1 angiotensin II (ANG II) receptors (AT1R), which mediate proximal tubule (PT) salt and water reabsorption, undergo endocytosis and recycling. Prior studies in a PT-like model (LLC-PKCl4 cells expressing rabbit AT1R) (LLC-PK-AT1R cells) determined that quinacrine, a nonspecific phospholipase A2(PLA2) inhibitor, and the haloenol lactone suicide substrate (HELSS), a Ca2+-independent PLA2 inhibitor, attenuated apical (AP) AT1R recycling. Further studies were undertaken to examine the association between AT1R endocytotic movement and PLA2 activity in this model. AP ANG II (100 nM) increased[Formula: see text]arachidonic acid ([Formula: see text]AA) release 4.4 ± 0.38-fold in LLC-PK-AT1R cells cultured on permeable supports. Basolateral (BL) ANG II had no significant effect. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography confirmed that AP ANG II stimulated free [Formula: see text]AA release. Quinacrine, HELSS, and palmitoyl trifluoromethyl ketone, another Ca2+-independent PLA2 inhibitor, inhibited AP ANG II-stimulated [Formula: see text]AA release, as did inhibiting AP AT1R internalization with phenylarsine oxide. The role of HELSS-inhibitable AA release in ANG II-mediated 22Na flux was examined, given the effects of AT1R-mediated PLA2 activity on salt and water reabsorption. AP ANG II (100 nM) stimulated22Na flux (AP → BL), a response inhibited by HELSS. Thus, in this model, AP AT1R activated PLA2 with concomitant22Na flux (AP → BL), suggesting a link between AP AT1R endocytotic movement, AT1R-stimulated PLA2 activity, and22Na flux in this model. The effects of HELSS suggest that Ca2+-independent PLA2 activity may be involved in this AP ANG II response.

Fixation Shrinkage of Herring Larvae: Effects of Salinity, Formalin Concentration, and Other Factors

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1138-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
Larval Size ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Clupea Harengus Pallasi

The most important factors affecting the degree of larval shrinkage of Pacific herring (Clupea harengus pallasi) larvae during fixation are the salinity and formalin concentrations and initial larval size. In low formalin concentrations (2–5% formalin) shrinkage increased from less than 2% shrinkage at low salinities to about 10% shrinkage in seawater formalin. In high formalin concentrations (20–30% formalin) shrinkage was fairly uniform, ranging from about 3% shrinkage in low salinities to about 5% in seawater. Shrinkage in fixatives stored at 0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 °C was slightly higher (1–2%) at the higher temperatures. Buffering agents and starvation had no effect on shrinkage. Small, young larvae shrank relatively more than larger older larvae.Key words: herring larvae, fixation, shrinkage, formalin, salinity

The role of the temperature in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using pyrocarbon-containing adsorbents

1978 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 41-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Colin ◽  
José Carlos Diez-Masa ◽  
Georges Guiochon ◽  
Teresa Czjkowska ◽  
Iréna Miedziak
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Reversed Phase

Preparative reversed-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography for analysis of anthocyanins

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (112) ◽  
pp. 463-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Skalska ◽  
Anna Matysik ◽  
Marek Gerkowicz ◽  
Magdalena Wójciak-Kosior
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Layer Chromatography

scholarly journals Separation of 9-Fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl Amino Acid Derivatives in Micellar Systems of High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography and Pressurized Planar Electrochromatography

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Polak ◽  
Adam Traczuk ◽  
Sylwia Misztal
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Amino Acid Derivatives ◽  
Solute Retention ◽  
Micellar Systems ◽  
Layer Chromatography

AbstractThe problems with separation of amino acid mixtures in reversed-phase mode are the result of their hydrophilic nature. The derivatisation of the amino group of mentioned above solutes leads to their solution. For this purpose, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloroformate (f-moc-Cl) as the derivatisation reagent is often used. In our study, the separation of some f-moc- amino acid derivatives (alanine, phenylalanine, leucine, methionine, proline and tryptophan) with the use of micellar systems of reversed-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and pressurized planar electrochromatography (PPEC) is investigated. The effect of surfactant concentration, its type (anionic, cationic and non-ionic) and mobile phase buffer pH on the discussed above solute migration distances are presented. Our work reveals that the increase of sodium dodecylsulphate concentration in the mobile phase has a different effect on solute retention in HPTLC and PPEC. Moreover, it also affects the order of solutes in both techniques. In PPEC, in contrast to the HPTLC technique, the mobile phase pH affects solute retention. The type of surfactant in the mobile phase also impacts solute retention and migration distances. A mobile phase containing SDS improves system efficiency in both techniques. Herein, such an effect is presented for the first time.

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