MODELING THE RAILWAY TRAFFIC USING CELLULAR AUTOMATA MODEL

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 921-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
KE-PING LI ◽  
ZI-YOU GAO ◽  
BIN NING
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Signaling System ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Probabilistic Cellular Automaton ◽  
Block Scheme ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Flow States

The NaSch model is a probabilistic cellular automaton (CA) model for the description of single-lane highway traffic. Based on this model, we propose a new cellular automata model for the railway traffic. The signaling system adopted in this work is the moving block signaling system. In our model, the distance between the following train and its leading train takes into account the velocity of the leading train. The simulation results demonstrate that our model is suitable for simulating the railway traffic. Compared our scheme to the traditional moving-space-block scheme, it is obvious that using our scheme, not only the line capacity can be increased, but also the traffic flow states are safer.

MODELING FIXED-BLOCK RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM USING CELLULAR AUTOMATA MODEL

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1793-1801 ◽  
Author(s):  
BIN NING ◽  
KE-PING LI ◽  
ZI-YOU GAO
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Time Diagram ◽  
Signaling System ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Railway System ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Insight Into

In this paper, we propose a new cellular automata model to simulate the railway traffic. The proposed model is based on deterministic NaSch traffic model. The signaling system adopted in this work is the three-aspect fixed-block signaling system. In order to obtain insight into the characteristic behavior of the railway signaling system, we analyze the space-time diagram of traffic flow and the trajectory of train movement etc. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed CA model can be successfully used for the simulations of railway signaling system. Some complex phenomena observed in railway system can be reproduced.

scholarly journals A MARKOV-PROCESS INSPIRED CA MODEL OF HIGHWAY TRAFFIC

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 117-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
FA WANG ◽  
LI LI ◽  
JIAN-MING HU ◽  
YAN JI ◽  
RUI MA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Markov Process ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Microscopic Simulation ◽  
Interaction Forces ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Simulation Results

To provide a more accurate description of the driving behaviors especially in car-following, namely a Markov-Gap cellular automata model is proposed in this paper. It views the variation of the gap between two consequent vehicles as a Markov process whose stationary distribution corresponds to the observed gap distribution. This new model provides a microscopic simulation explanation for the governing interaction forces (potentials) between the queuing vehicles, which cannot be directly measurable for traffic flow applications. The agreement between empirical observations and simulation results suggests the soundness of this new approach.

A GIS-Based Irregular Cellular Automata Model of Land-Use Change

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 708-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Stevens ◽  
Suzana Dragićević
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Population Growth Rates ◽  
Asynchronous Development ◽  
Canadian City ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Developing Area

This study proposes an alternative cellular automata (CA) model, which relaxes the traditional CA regular square grid and synchronous growth, and is designed for representations of land-use change in rural-urban fringe settings. The model uses high-resolution spatial data in the form of irregularly sized and shaped land parcels, and incorporates synchronous and asynchronous development in order to model more realistically land-use change at the land parcel scale. The model allows urban planners and other stakeholders to evaluate how different subdivision designs will influence development under varying population growth rates and buyer preferences. A model prototype has been developed in a common desktop GIS and applied to a rapidly developing area of a midsized Canadian city.

scholarly journals A Cellular Automata Model for Integrated Simulation of Land Use and Transport Interactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Nuno Pinto ◽  
António P. Antunes ◽  
Josep Roca
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Particle Swarm Algorithm ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Integrated Simulation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
The City

Cellular automata (CA) models have been used in urban studies for dealing with land use change. Transport and accessibility are arguably the main drivers of urban change and have a direct influence on land use. Land use and transport interaction models deal with the complexity of this relationship using many different approaches. CA models incorporate these drivers, but usually consider transport (and accessibility) variables as exogenous. Our paper presents a CA model where transport variables are endogenous to the model and are calibrated along with the land use variables to capture the interdependent complexity of these phenomena. The model uses irregular cells and a variable neighborhood to simulate land use change, taking into account the effect of the road network. Calibration is performed through a particle swarm algorithm. We present an application of the model to a comparison of scenarios for the construction of a ring road in the city of Coimbra, Portugal. The results show the ability of the CA model to capture the influence of change of the transport network (and thus in accessibility) in the land use dynamics.

scholarly journals STABILITY ANALYSIS OF CELLULAR AUTOMATA GENERATED CLUSTERS

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
R. Šiugždaite
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Power Law ◽  
State Parameter ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Complex Behaviour ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Tai Ji ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ca Model

The development of regional urban system still remains one of the main problems during the human race history. There are a lot of problems inside this system like overcrowded cities and decaying countryside. All these situations can be reproduced by modelling them using Cellular Automata (CA) [1, 2, 5]. CA models implement algorithms with simple rules and parameter controls, but the result can be a complex behaviour. A stability of naturally formed self‐organized urban system depends on its critical state parameter τ in the power law log(f(x)) = ‐τlog(x). If the system reaches self‐organized critical (SOC) state then it remains in it for a long time. The CA model URBACAM (URBAnistic Cellular Automata Model) describes the long‐lasting term behaviour and shows that the change in behaviour is sensitive to the urban parameter τ of the power law. Regionines urbanistines sistemos vystymasis išlieka viena iš opiausiu problemu žmonijos istorijoje. Keletas tokiu uždaviniu kaip miestu perpildymas, nykstančios kaimo vietoves ir t.t. gali būti nesunkiai modeliuojami naudojant lasteliu automatus (LA). LA metodas ypatingas tuo, kad realizuoja algoritma paprastu taisykliu bei parametru valdymo pagalba, tačiau rezultate galima gauti sudetinga elgsena. Natūraliai susiformavusiu urbanistiniu sistemu stabilumas priklauso nuo sistemos krizines savirangos būsenos (KSB) parametro τ. Jei sistema pasiekia KSB, tai ji ilga laika išlieka joje. LA modelis URBACAM charakterizuoja ilgalaike elgsena ir parodo, jog modelyje jos kitimus itakoja eksponentinio desnio urbanistinis parametras τ.

THE CARRYING CAPACITY UNDER FOUR-ASPECT COLOR LIGHT AUTOMATIC BLOCK SIGNALING BASED ON CELLULAR AUTOMATA

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (13) ◽  
pp. 1350090 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUAN XUE ◽  
YONG-SHENG QIAN ◽  
XIAO-PING GUANG ◽  
JUN-WEI ZENG ◽  
ZHI-LONG JIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Signal Control ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Railway Signal ◽  
Control Pattern ◽  
Train Speed ◽  
Ca Model

With the application of the dynamic control system, Cellular Automata model has become a valued tool for the simulation of human behavior and traffic flow. As an integrated kind of railway signal-control pattern, the four-aspect color light automatic block signaling has accounted for 50% in the signal-control system in China. Thus, it is extremely important to calculate correctly its carrying capacity under the automatic block signaling. Based on this fact the paper proposes a new kind of "cellular automata model" for the four-aspect color light automatic block signaling under different speed states. It also presents rational rules for the express trains with higher speed overtaking trains with lower speed in a same or adjacent section and the departing rules in some intermediate stations. In it, the state of mixed-speed trains running in the section composed of many stations is simulated with CA model, and the train-running diagram is acquired accordingly. After analyzing the relevant simulation results, the needed data are achieved herewith for the variation of section carrying capacity, the average train delay, the train speed with the change of mixed proportion, as well as the distance between the adjacent stations.

Research on Simulation for the Mechanism of Knowledge Potential Difference between Enterprises in the Industrial Cluster on Knowledge Transfer

2012 ◽  
Vol 246-247 ◽  
pp. 317-321
Author(s):  
Ming Hua Han
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Industrial Cluster ◽  
Potential Difference ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Difference Effect

As an important part of the knowledge management activities, knowledge transfer is effective way that the cluster enterprises to gain, learn and accumulate their own knowledge. In this study, we analyzed the mechanism of the knowledge potential difference between enterprises in the industrial cluster on knowledge transfer. Through establishing a cellular automata model, the paper simulated the process of knowledge potential difference effect on the knowledge transfer between enterprises within the industrial cluster. The simulation results indicate that the knowledge distance has remarkable impact on the knowledge transfer between cluster enterprises, and only the proper knowledge distance will be more conducive to the knowledge transfer between cluster enterprises.

Modelling of Microstructure Changes During Hot Deformation Using Cellular Automata

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kuc ◽  
J. Gawąd
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Condition ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Microstructure Changes ◽  
Average Dislocation Density ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Ebsd Technique ◽  
Individual Grains

Modelling of Microstructure Changes During Hot Deformation Using Cellular AutomataThe paper is focused on an application of the cellular automata (CA) method to description of microstructure changes in continuous deformation condition. The model approach consists of Cellular Automata model of microstructure development and the thermal-mechanical finite element (FE) code. Dynamic recrystallization phenomenon is taken into account in 2D CA model which takes advantage of explicit representation of microstructure, including individual grains and grain boundaries. Flow stress is the main material parameter in mechanical part of FE and is calculated on the basis of average dislocation density obtained from the CA model. The results obtained from the model were validated with the experimental data. In the present study, austenitic steel X3CrNi18-10 was investigated. The examination of microstructure for the initial and final microstructures was carried out, using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and EBSD technique. Compression forces were recorded during the tests and flow stresses were determined using the inverse method.

SUBCONSCIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION PERCEIVING BEHAVIOR AND ITS ATTENUATION IN INFORMATION-BASED EVACUATION EXPERIMENT

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 1250049 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIZHONG YANG ◽  
SHAOBO LIU ◽  
PING RAO ◽  
KONGJIN ZHU
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Normal Condition ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Human Behaviors ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Evacuation Experiment

An evacuation was studied from a classroom by means of experiment and simulation. In the experiments, evacuation with and without visibility was mimicked by requiring the evacuees to wear eye masks or not. The distribution of evacuees' egress times against initial positions and the flow rate at exits were studied. It was found that when masks were used, evacuees' egress strategies were highly dependent on their pre-perceived environmental information in subconsciousness which might affect the egress process. Thus we call this phenomenon the "subconscious environmental information perceiving behavior." In the simulation, a cellular automata model considering the influence of sound information and the subconscious behavior was used to simulate the experiments. Both the experimental and the simulation results show that the sound information plays a more important role in evacuation without visibility than in normal condition, and the pre-perceived environmental information is also very important when people have poor visibility because of the subconscious environmental information perceiving behavior. The simulation results consist with the experimental results well. This study is useful for understanding the human behaviors during emergency evacuation with poor visibility under the guide of sound signal.

A 2D CELLULAR AUTOMATA MODEL FOR TREE PROPAGATION IN NANOCOMPOSITES: INFLUENCE OF THE NANOPARTICLES SIZE, LOADING AND THE PRESENCE OF MICROVOIDS

NANO ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350002 ◽  
Author(s):  
DESPOINA PITSA ◽  
MICHAEL G. DANIKAS
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Epoxy Nanocomposites ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Dc Voltage ◽  
Electrical Tree ◽  
Electrical Trees ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Tree Length

Electrical tree propagation in a polymer nanocomposite is affected by the presence of nanoparticles. A 2D cellular automata (CA) model is presented for the simulation of electrical tree propagation in polymer nanocomposites. The effect of the nanoparticles size, the nanoparticles loading and the appearance of microvoids on electrical tree propagation in titania ( TiO2 )/epoxy nanocomposites under the application of DC voltage is examined with the aid of the CA model. It has been observed that the tree length is affected by nanoparticles size and nanoparticles loading. A resistance in electrical tree propagation has been noticed, as nanoparticles size decreases or as nanoparticles loading increases. The presence of microvoids in the polymer nanocomposite is another factor that has been examined. The propagation of electrical trees that initiate from microvoids in the polymer nanocomposite has also been simulated by the use of the CA model.

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