THE GIANT FORBUSH DECREASE IN OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2003: DATA ANALYSIS FOR THE SOLAR NEUTRON DETECTOR AT GORNERGRAT

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (29) ◽  
pp. 6684-6686
Author(s):  
E. O. FLÜCKIGER ◽  
R. BÜTIKOFER ◽  
L. DESORGHER ◽  
M. R. MOSER ◽  
Y. MURAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Neutron Detector ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Forbush Decrease ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Solar Neutron ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Worldwide Network ◽  
Mass Ejection

In connection with the X17.2 flare on October 28, 2003, a coronal mass ejection was emitted at a high speed directly towards the Earth and caused a dramatic Forbush decrease (Fd) in the count rates of the worldwide network of ground-based cosmic ray detectors. During the initial phase of this Fd the ratios of the two Gornergrat solar neutron telescope particle channels (charged + neutral) and neutral show a step-like increase lasting about three days. This phenomenon is investigated based on Monte Carlo simulations of the cosmic ray cascades in the Earth's atmosphere and of the interactions of the secondary cosmic ray particles with the detector.

scholarly journals The HelMod Monte Carlo Model for the Propagation of Cosmic Rays in Heliosphere

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (S335) ◽  
pp. 276-279
Author(s):  
Matteo J. Boschini ◽  
Stefano Della Torre ◽  
Massimo Gervasi ◽  
Davide Grandi ◽  
Giuseppe La Vacca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Monte Carlo Model ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Ecliptic Plane ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
General Description ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Modulation Model

AbstractThe heliospheric modulation model HelMod solves the transport-equation for Galactic Cosmic Ray propagation through the heliosphere down to Earth. It is based on a 2-D Monte Carlo approach that includes a general description of the symmetric and antisymmetric parts of the diffusion tensor, thus properly treating the particle drift effects as well as convection within the solar wind and adiabatic energy loss. The model was tuned in order to fit 1) the data observed outside the ecliptic plane at several distances from the Earth and 2) the spectra observed near the Earth for both, high and low solar activity periods. Great importance was given to description of polar regions of the heliosphere. We present the flux for protons, antiprotons and helium nuclei computed for solar cycle 23-24 in comparison with experimental observations and prediction for the full solar cycle 24.

TRANSIENT DECREASES IN COSMIC RAY INTENSITY DURING THE PERIOD OCTOBER 1956 TO JANUARY 1958

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Fenton ◽  
D. C. Rose ◽  
K. G. McCracken ◽  
B. G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Forbush Decrease ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Statistical Accuracy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cosmic Ray Intensity ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Controlling Mechanism ◽  
Intensity Changes ◽  
Recurrence Tendency ◽  
Cosmic Ray Flux

Recent nucleon intensity data obtained from high counting rate recorders at Ottawa and Hobart, and subsidiary stations, have been examined for evidence for the superposition of transient decreases. It is concluded that, with the statistical accuracy now available due to the high counting rates, it is possible to distinguish two types of transient decreases in the observed variations, superimposed upon the slower 11-year intensity changes. One of these is an almost symmetrical event lasting up to 2 weeks and exhibiting a recurrence tendency of about 27 days, while the other is the more abrupt Forbush decrease which recovers over a period of several days. The evidence indicates that the intensity-controlling mechanism responsible for these short-term transient changes is able to influence the cosmic ray flux at the earth independently of other events that may be in progress at the time. There is also evidence that the physical process controlling the Forbush type of decrease operates over a volume large compared with the earth because the intensity changes at places as far apart as Ottawa, Canada, and Hobart, Tasmania, show changes that are the same within the accuracy of the measurements.

ENERGY ESTIMATION OF ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAY HADRONS BY MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS OF EXTENSIVE AIR SHOWERS

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2561-2571 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. GERANIOS ◽  
D. KOUTSOKOSTA ◽  
A. MASTICHIADIS ◽  
O. MALANDRAKI ◽  
H. ROSAKI-MAVROULI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Energy Estimation ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
The Earth

Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (E ≥ 5 ×1019 eV ) are detected through Extensive Air Showers that are created when a primary cosmic ray particle interacts with the atmosphere of the Earth. The energy of the primary particle can be estimated experimentally based on simulations. In this paper we attempt to estimate the energy of UHECR hadrons ( He, Li, C, Fe ) by applying a Monte Carlo simulation code and we compare the results with the ones derived in our previous paper for proton initiated showers. The scenario of simulations is adapted to the P. Auger Observatory site.

An Anomalous Forbush Decrease

1968 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-148
Author(s):  
J. E. Humble
Keyword(s):  
Forbush Decrease ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Magnetic Activity ◽  
Solar Origin ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Cosmic Ray Flux

Ground level detectors observed several major changes in the primary cosmic-ray flux during November 4960. Large increases, of solar origin, occurred on November 12 and 15, and a smaller one on November 20. The galactic flux in the region of the Earth was severely reduced by a Forbush decrease on November 12, and remained notably depressed until November 25. Considerable magnetic activity was observed throughout the period. Several models have been proposed to account for these observations.

Anisotropy in cosmic-ray intensity associated with Forbush decreases

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S854-S858 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Mathews ◽  
J. B. Mercer ◽  
D. Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Daily Variation ◽  
Forbush Decrease ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Turbulent Plasma ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The West ◽  
Cosmic Ray Intensity ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Scattering Centers

A study of the Forbush decrease of 23 September 1966 shows that the predecrease anisotropy developed from a direction 85° to the west of the sun–earth line. The rate of development of the anisotropy suggests that the "turbulent" plasma producing the Forbush decrease occupied a volume of diameter ≈0.2–0.3 AU. If the plasma clouds away from the earth produced the anisotropy at the earth, then it is reasonable to attribute a part of the highly variable daily variation in cosmic-ray intensity to such distant scattering centers.

scholarly journals Spectra of variations and cosmic ray anisotropy during GLE of June 11, 1991

10.12737/7490 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Марина Кравцова ◽  
Marina Kravtsova ◽  
Валерий Сдобнов ◽  
Valeriy Sdobnov
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Exponential Function ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Ground Level Enhancement ◽  
Global Survey ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Worldwide Network

We have studied variation spectra and cosmic-ray (CR) anisotropy, using the ground-based and satellite observations of the CR intensity on the worldwide network of stations during the ground level enhancement (GLE) of June 11, 1991. The spectro-graphic global survey has been used. Variation spectra of primary CRs at different moments of the event are presented. Note that the CR variation spectra during this period are not described by a power or an exponential function of particle rigidity. The maximum rigidity, up to which the protons were accelerated on June 11, 1991, was ~2.8 GV (06:00 UT; i.e., two hours after GLE started). We show relative variations in the CR intensity in the geocentric solar ecliptic coordinate system during certain periods of the event under study. On June 11, 1991, the bidirectional anisotropy dominated in the distribution of particles with rigidity of 4 GV and 10 GV, which implies that the Earth passed the loop-like IMF structure.

scholarly journals CNN-Based Classifier as an Offline Trigger for the CREDO Experiment

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4804
Author(s):  
Marcin Piekarczyk ◽  
Olaf Bar ◽  
Łukasz Bibrzycki ◽  
Michał Niedźwiecki ◽  
Krzysztof Rzecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transforms ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Morphological Difference ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Input Image ◽  
Image Features ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Cmos Sensor ◽  
Competition Process

Gamification is known to enhance users’ participation in education and research projects that follow the citizen science paradigm. The Cosmic Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory (CREDO) experiment is designed for the large-scale study of various radiation forms that continuously reach the Earth from space, collectively known as cosmic rays. The CREDO Detector app relies on a network of involved users and is now working worldwide across phones and other CMOS sensor-equipped devices. To broaden the user base and activate current users, CREDO extensively uses the gamification solutions like the periodical Particle Hunters Competition. However, the adverse effect of gamification is that the number of artefacts, i.e., signals unrelated to cosmic ray detection or openly related to cheating, substantially increases. To tag the artefacts appearing in the CREDO database we propose the method based on machine learning. The approach involves training the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to recognise the morphological difference between signals and artefacts. As a result we obtain the CNN-based trigger which is able to mimic the signal vs. artefact assignments of human annotators as closely as possible. To enhance the method, the input image signal is adaptively thresholded and then transformed using Daubechies wavelets. In this exploratory study, we use wavelet transforms to amplify distinctive image features. As a result, we obtain a very good recognition ratio of almost 99% for both signal and artefacts. The proposed solution allows eliminating the manual supervision of the competition process.

scholarly journals High energy cosmic ray interactions and UHECR composition problem

2019 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Sergey Ostapchenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Hadronic Interactions ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray Interactions ◽  
Composition Problem

The differences between contemporary Monte Carlo generators of high energy hadronic interactions are discussed and their impact on the interpretation of experimental data on ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is studied. Key directions for further model improvements are outlined. The prospect for a coherent interpretation of the data in terms of the UHECR composition is investigated.

Investigation of Neutral Particles Using High Speed Camera and Monte-Carlo Simulation in the GAMMA 10 Central-Cell

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (2T) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Nakashima ◽  
Y. Higashizono ◽  
N. Nishino ◽  
H. Kawano ◽  
M.K. Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Central Cell ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Neutral Particles
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