scholarly journals POISSON ALGEBRA OF WILSON LOOPS IN FOUR-DIMENSIONAL YANG-MILLS THEORY

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 2479-2505 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. RAJEEV ◽  
O.T. TURGUT
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Poisson Algebra ◽  
Coadjoint Orbit ◽  
Quadratic Algebra ◽  
Wilson Loops ◽  
Poisson Brackets ◽  
Canonical Structure ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Yang Mills

We formulate the canonical structure of Yang-Mills theory in terms of Poisson brackets of gauge-invariant observables analogous to Wilson loops. This algebra is nontrivial and tractable in a light cone formulation. For U (N) gauge theories the result is a Lie algebra while for SU (N) gauge theories it is a quadratic algebra. We also study the identities satisfied by the gauge-invariant observables. We suggest that the phase space of a Yang-Mills theory is a coadjoint orbit of our Poisson algebra; some partial results in this direction are obtained.

scholarly journals 2 + 1 ABELIAN "GAUGE THEORY" INSPIRED BY IDEAL HYDRODYNAMICS

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 3771-3808
Author(s):  
GOVIND S. KRISHNASWAMI
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Magnetic Energy ◽  
Poisson Algebra ◽  
Integrable Model ◽  
Coadjoint Orbit ◽  
Diffeomorphism Group ◽  
Noncommutative Space ◽  
Abelian Gauge ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Yang Mills

We study a possibly integrable model of Abelian gauge fields on a two-dimensional surface M, with volume form μ. It has the same phase-space as ideal hydrodynamics, a coadjoint orbit of the volume-preserving diffeomorphism group of M. Gauge field Poisson brackets differ from the Heisenberg algebra, but are reminiscent of Yang–Mills theory on a null surface. Enstrophy invariants are Casimirs of the Poisson algebra of gauge invariant observables. Some symplectic leaves of the Poisson manifold are identified. The Hamiltonian is a magnetic energy, similar to that of electrodynamics, and depends on a metric whose volume element is not a multiple of μ. The magnetic field evolves by a quadratically nonlinear "Euler" equation, which may also be regarded as describing geodesic flow on SDiff (M, μ). Static solutions are obtained. For uniform μ, an infinite sequence of local conserved charges beginning with the Hamiltonian are found. The charges are shown to be in involution, suggesting integrability. Besides being a theory of a novel kind of ideal flow, this is a toy-model for Yang–Mills theory and matrix field theories, whose gauge-invariant phase-space is conjectured to be a coadjoint orbit of the diffeomorphism group of a noncommutative space.

scholarly journals Gauge-invariant quantum circuits for U (1) and Yang-Mills lattice gauge theories

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Mazzola ◽  
Simon V. Mathis ◽  
Guglielmo Mazzola ◽  
Ivano Tavernelli
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Quantum Circuits ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Lattice Gauge ◽  
Lattice Gauge Theories ◽  
Invariant Quantum

scholarly journals RENORMALIZED QUANTUM YANG–MILLS FIELDS IN CURVED SPACETIME

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (09) ◽  
pp. 1033-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEFAN HOLLANDS
Keyword(s):  
Operator Product Expansion ◽  
Poisson Algebra ◽  
Technical Difficulty ◽  
Operator Product ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Brst Charge ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Formal Power

We present a proof that the quantum Yang–Mills theory can be consistently defined as a renormalized, perturbative quantum field theory on an arbitrary globally hyperbolic curved, Lorentzian spacetime. To this end, we construct the non-commutative algebra of observables, in the sense of formal power series, as well as a space of corresponding quantum states. The algebra contains all gauge invariant, renormalized, interacting quantum field operators (polynomials in the field strength and its derivatives), and all their relations such as commutation relations or operator product expansion. It can be viewed as a deformation quantization of the Poisson algebra of classical Yang–Mills theory equipped with the Peierls bracket. The algebra is constructed as the cohomology of an auxiliary algebra describing a gauge fixed theory with ghosts and anti-fields. A key technical difficulty is to establish a suitable hierarchy of Ward identities at the renormalized level that ensures conservation of the interacting BRST-current, and that the interacting BRST-charge is nilpotent. The algebra of physical interacting field observables is obtained as the cohomology of this charge. As a consequence of our constructions, we can prove that the operator product expansion closes on the space of gauge invariant operators. Similarly, the renormalization group flow is proved not to leave the space of gauge invariant operators. The key technical tool behind these arguments is a new universal Ward identity that is formulated at the algebraic level, and that is proven to be consistent with a local and covariant renormalization prescription. We also develop a new technique to accomplish this renormalization process, and in particular give a new expression for some of the renormalization constants in terms of cycles.

PHASE SPACE REDUCTION AND THE CHOICE OF PHYSICAL VARIABLES IN GAUGE THEORIES

1991 ◽  
Vol 06 (05) ◽  
pp. 845-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. SHABANOV
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Hamiltonian Path ◽  
Curvilinear Coordinates ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Space Reduction ◽  
Physical Variables ◽  
Phase Space Reduction ◽  
Gauge Conditions

The connection between the way of separation of physical variables and the form of the Hamiltonian path integral (HPI) is studied for the Yang-Mills quantum mechanics. It is shown that physical degrees of freedom are always described by curvilinear coordinates. It is also found that the ambiguity in determining physical variables follows from the reduction of the physical phase space. The latter leads to a modification of the standard HPI (HPI with gauge conditions).

NON-PERTURBAITVE GREEN FUNCTIONS IN QUANTUM GAUGE THEORIES

1991 ◽  
Vol 06 (10) ◽  
pp. 909-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. SHABANOV
Keyword(s):  
Configuration Space ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Gauge Condition ◽  
Green Functions ◽  
Spatial Infinity ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Global Gauge

Non-perturbative Green functions for gauge invariant variables are considered. The Green functions are found to be modified as compared with the usual ones in a definite gauge because of a physical configuration space (PCS) reduction. In the Yang-Mills theory with fermions, this phenomenon follows from the Singer theorem about the absence of a global gauge condition for the fields tending to zero at spatial infinity.

scholarly journals Gauge Invariance and Mass Gap in (2+1)-Dimensional Yang–Mills Theory

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (06) ◽  
pp. 1161-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitra Karabali ◽  
V. P. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Invariance ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Abelian Gauge ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Mass Gap ◽  
Spatial Dimensions

In terms of a gauge-invariant matrix parametrization of the fields, we give an analysis of how the mass gap could arise in non-Abelian gauge theories in two spatial dimensions.

scholarly journals Nilpotent and absolutely anticommuting symmetries in the Freedman–Townsend model: Augmented superfield formalism

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (31) ◽  
pp. 1450183 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shukla ◽  
S. Krishna ◽  
R. P. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Brst Symmetry ◽  
Kinetic Term ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Gauge Symmetries ◽  
Form Field ◽  
Symmetry Transformations ◽  
Augmented Superfield Formalism

We derive the off-shell nilpotent and absolutely anticommuting Becchi–Rouet–Stora–Tyutin (BRST) and anti-BRST symmetry transformations, corresponding to the (1-form) Yang–Mills (YM) and (2-form) tensorial gauge symmetries of the four (3+1)-dimensional (4D) Freedman–Townsend (FT) model, by exploiting the augmented version of Bonora–Tonin's (BT) superfield approach to BRST formalism where the 4D flat Minkowskian theory is generalized onto the (4, 2)-dimensional supermanifold. One of the novel observations is the fact that we are theoretically compelled to go beyond the horizontality condition (HC) to invoke an additional set of gauge-invariant restrictions (GIRs) for the derivation of the full set of proper (anti-)BRST symmetries. To obtain the (anti-)BRST symmetry transformations, corresponding to the tensorial (2-form) gauge symmetries within the framework of augmented version of BT-superfield approach, we are logically forced to modify the FT-model to incorporate an auxiliary 1-form field and the kinetic term for the antisymmetric (2-form) gauge field. This is also a new observation in our present investigation. We point out some of the key differences between the modified FT-model and Lahiri-model (LM) of the dynamical non-Abelian 2-form gauge theories. We also briefly mention a few similarities.

ON THE CANONICAL FORMULATION OF SUPERSYMMETRIC YANG-MILLS THEORIES

1987 ◽  
Vol 02 (07) ◽  
pp. 487-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSANNE DI STEFANO ◽  
MAXIMILIAN KREUZER ◽  
ANTON REBHAN
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Canonical Formulation ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Supersymmetric Theories

We treat supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories in the canonical formulation. By a gauge invariant and Lorentz covariant ansatz for the canonical supersymmetry generators we rederive that supersymmetric theories based on spin 1 and spin [Formula: see text] exist only in dimensions 4, 6, and 10. Moreover we find that the algebra of these supersymmetry generators closes on the phase space without the need of auxiliary fields. This holds true also for the higher-dimensional theories where it is not possible to find auxiliary fields making the algebra close off-shell on the Lagrangian level.

Size of the early universe and GUP

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (22) ◽  
pp. 1950178
Author(s):  
Ljubisa Nesic ◽  
Darko Radovancevic
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Cosmological Model ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Generalized Uncertainty Principle ◽  
Poisson Algebra ◽  
Poisson Brackets ◽  
Energy Term ◽  
Classical Version ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Potential Energy Term

This paper presents the effects of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP), i.e. its classical version expressed through the deformed Poisson brackets in the phase–space of a one-dimensional minisuperspace Friedmann cosmological model with a mixture of non-interacting dust and radiation. It is shown, in the case of this model, that starting from the specific representation of the deformed Poisson algebra, which corresponds to the change of the potential energy term of the oscillator, the size of the early universe can be related to its inflationary GUP expansion.

GAUGE INVARIANCE AND CONSTRAINTS

1989 ◽  
Vol 04 (13) ◽  
pp. 3211-3228 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.N. PYATOV ◽  
A.V. RAZUMOV
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Wide Class ◽  
Gauge Invariance ◽  
Lagrangian Systems ◽  
Poisson Brackets ◽  
Hamiltonian Description ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Primary Constraint ◽  
Extension Of Functions ◽  
Constraint Surface

It is shown that in the Hamiltonian description of a wide class of gauge invariant Lagrangian systems there arise only primary and secondary constraints and they are all first class. The explicit expressions for the Poisson brackets of the Hamiltonian and the constraints are obtained by introducing the so-called “standard” extension of functions originally defined on the primary constraint surface to the whole phase space.

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