Non-aqueous electrochemical deposition of lead zirconate titanate films for flexible sensor applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (31) ◽  
pp. 1750287
Author(s):  
Sherin Joseph ◽  
A. V. Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Reji John
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Deposition ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Zirconate Titanate

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is one of the most important piezoelectric materials widely used for underwater sensors. However, PZTs are hard and non-compliant and hence there is an overwhelming attention devoted toward making it flexible by preparing films on flexible substrates by different routes. In this work, the electrochemical deposition of composition controlled PZT films over flexible stainless steel (SS) foil substrates using non-aqueous electrolyte dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) was carried out. Effects of various key parameters involved in electrochemical deposition process such as current density and time of deposition were studied. It was found that a current density of 25 mA/cm2 for 5 min gave a good film. The morphology and topography evaluation of the films was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively, which showed a uniform morphology with a surface roughness of 2 nm. The PZT phase formation was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and corroborated with Raman spectroscopic studies. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss, hysteresis and I–V characteristics of the film was evaluated.

Photoacoustic and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies in reduced lead zirconate titanate ceramics

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 2631-2636 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Rajopadhye ◽  
S. V. Bhoraskar ◽  
S. Badrinarayan ◽  
A. P. B. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Titanate Ceramics

Scaling Properties in the Electrical and Reliability Characteristics of Lead-Zirconate-Titanate (PZT) Ferroelectric Thin Film Capacitors

1990 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sudhama ◽  
J. C. Carrano ◽  
L. H. Parker ◽  
V. Chikarmane ◽  
J. C. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Leakage Current ◽  
Leakage Current Density ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Switching Time ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the issues in the scaling of thin film PZT (Lead-Zirconate-Titanate) capacitors for DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memories) applications. The test structures used were MIM (metal-insulator-metal) capacitors with platinum electrodes and PZT deposited using a sol-gel process. Charge storage density (Q'c), leakage current density (JL), unipolar switching time to 10% decay (ts), time dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) and electrical fatigue have been analyzed. Unipolar switching time has been modeled as an RC time constant, where C is electric-field dependent. Q'c at a given electric field appears to remain constant over the range of film thicknesses and electrode areas studied. Leakage current density and time-to-breakdown (tBD) for a given electric field degrade with decreasing film thickness. Unipolar stressing causes considerably less fatigue than bipolar stressing, and after 2 × 1011 cycles, a 400nm film still exhibits sufficient Q'c for DRAM operation.

Structural and impedance spectroscopic studies of samarium modified lead zirconate titanate ceramics

2009 ◽  
Vol 404 (20) ◽  
pp. 3709-3716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv Ranjan ◽  
Rajiv Kumar ◽  
Banarji Behera ◽  
R.N.P. Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Titanate Ceramics

The Influence of Electrode Materials on the Electrical Degradation Process of Lead Zirconate Titanate under Harsh Operating Environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 1507-1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Yi Zheng ◽  
Jonathan Swingler ◽  
Paul M. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Migration Ability ◽  
Electrical Degradation ◽  
Zirconate Titanate

Piezoelectric materials because their special ability to convert bwteen kinetic energy and electrical energy. Therefore, they are widely applicated in the areas such as sensors, resonators etc. However, the electrical degradation phenomenon of piezoelectric materials will cause the degradation of their performance. The electrode materails has been reported can severely influence the electrical degradation of piezoelectric materials. In this paper, the life time of the lead zirconate titanate capacitors with nickel, gold or silver electrodes are investigated. It is suggested that, the poor migration ability of the electrode elements gives the PZT capacitors a longer lifetime. The reason of no observation of the electrode materials in the capacitor material is also discussed.

Multifunctional composite nanofibers with shape memory and piezoelectric properties for energy harvesting

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 956-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Guan ◽  
Hairong Chen ◽  
Hong Xia ◽  
Yaqin Fu ◽  
Yiping Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Composite Nanofibers ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Silane Coupling Agents ◽  
Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Shape Memory Effects ◽  
Shape Memory Polyurethane

Although many kinds of flexible piezoelectric materials have been developed, there were few reports on flexible multifunctional nanofibers for energy harvesting. In this study, we prepared multifunctional nanofibers from lead zirconate titanate particles and shape memory polyurethane by electrospinning. The resulting nanofibers had both piezoelectric and shape memory effects. To improve the dispersion, lead zirconate titanate particles were modified by silane coupling agents. The lead zirconate titanate/shape memory polyurethane nanofibers were used to harvest energy from sinusoidal vibrations, and the lead zirconate titanate 80 wt% sample produced voltages of 120.3 mV (peak-to-peak). Taking advantage of the shape memory effect, the lead zirconate titanate/shape memory polyurethane nanofibers can be easily deformed into desired shapes and revealed the potential for realizing energy harvesting in complex structures.

Laser Vaporization and Deposition of Lead Zirconate Titanate

1989 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K. Schenck ◽  
Lawrence P. Cook ◽  
Jianrong Zhao ◽  
John W. Hastie ◽  
Edward N. Farabaugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Laser Vaporization ◽  
Material Transport ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Carbon Coated

ABSTRACTLaser-induced vaporization of ceramics shows promise as a technique for the deposition of thin films of these materials. Critical to the utility of this technique is an understanding of the laser-material interaction, plume formation and dynamics, material transport and how variations in the vaporization conditions affect the deposited film. Lead zirconate titanate (PZT, Zr/Ti-47/53) targets were irradiated using a q-switched Nd:YAG laser (15 ns, 100 mJ at 1.064 /μm) . The deposition chamber was maintained at a pressure of 100 mTorr oxygen. Material from the plume was collected on silicon wafer substrates, suspended 1.0 - 3.0 cm above the target. The films were characterized by SEM/EDX, TEM, x-ray diffraction and electrical measurements before and after annealing. Very thin films were deposited on carbon coated metal grids for observation in the TEM using a hot stage to study crystallization. Temporally and spatially resolved spectra of the light emitted by the laser-generated plume were obtained with an optical multichannel analyzer (0MA) to yield information on the plume generation and chemistry of the deposition process. These spectra indicate that under these conditions a plasma is created above the target surface which persists for -100 ns after the laser pulse.

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