SEARCHING A POLYGONAL REGION FROM THE BOUNDARY

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
pp. 529-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
ICHIRO SUZUKI ◽  
YUICHI TAZOE ◽  
MASAFUMI YAMASHITA ◽  
TIKO KAMEDA
Keyword(s):  
Extension Theorem ◽  
Search Problem ◽  
Light Bulb ◽  
Planar Boundary ◽  
Polygonal Region ◽  
The Status ◽  
Monotonic Extension ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Polygon Search Problem

Polygon search is the problem of finding mobile intruders who move unpredictably in a polygonal region, using one or more mobile searchers. Different levels of vision are assumed to model the ability of the searchers. In this paper we mainly consider a special case of this problem, termed boundary search, in which a single searcher has to find the intruders from the boundary of the region. Our main result is that a single searcher whose vision is limited to the ray of a single flashlight is just as capable as a single searcher having a light bulb that gives 360° vision, that is, any polygon that can be searched by the latter from the boundary can also be searched by the former from the boundary. The proof of the equivalence uses another new result, termed Monotonic Extension Theorem, together with a two-dimensional diagram called the planar boundary visibility map that represents the status of the search as a function of time. We partially settle a long-standing conjecture on the equivalence of the abilities of two types of searchers, one having two flashlights and the other having full 360° vision, for the general (non-boundary) polygon search problem.

SEARCHING FOR A MOBILE INTRUDER IN A CORRIDOR —THE OPEN EDGE VARIANT OF THE POLYGON SEARCH PROBLEM

1995 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 397-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID CRASS ◽  
ICHIRO SUZUKI ◽  
MASAFUMI YAMASHITA
Keyword(s):  
Time Complexity ◽  
Additional Assumption ◽  
Simple Polygon ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Search Problem ◽  
Light Bulb ◽  
The Given ◽  
Open Edge ◽  
Polygon Search Problem

The polygon search problem is the problem of searching for mobile intruders in a simple polygon by a single mobile searcher having various degrees of visibility. This paper considers the “open edge” variant of the problem in which the given polygon P must be searched without allowing undetected intruders to reach a given edge u, under an additional assumption that any number of intruders can leave and enter P through another edge v at any time. One may view P as representing a corridor with two open exits u and v, and the task of the searcher is to force all the intruders out of P through v (but not u). We present a simple necessary condition for a polygon to be searchable in this manner by the searcher having a light bulb, and then show that the same condition is sufficient for the polygon to be searchable by the searcher having two flashlights. The time complexity of generating a search schedule is also discussed.

The Selection of Children's Books Translated from Spanish to Galician, Basque and Catalan (1940–80)

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-258
Author(s):  
Mónica Domínguez Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Intercultural Relations ◽  
Children's Books ◽  
Source Text ◽  
The Status ◽  
Castilian Spanish ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Selection Of

This study deals with children's literature translated from Castilian Spanish into Galician, Basque and Catalan by a different publisher from that of the source text, between 1940 and 1980, and with the criteria used to choose books for translation during that period. It compares the different literatures within Spain and examines the intersystemic and intercultural relations that the translations reflect. Following the polysystems theory, literature is here conceived as a network of agents of different kinds: authors, publishers, readers, and literary models. Such a network, called a polysystem, is part of a larger social, economic, and cultural network. These extra-literary considerations play an important role in determining the selection of works to be translated. The article suggests that translations can be said to establish transcultural relations, and that they demonstrate different levels of power within a specific interliterary community. It concludes that, while translations may aim to change the pre-existent relationships, frequently they just reflect the status quo.

Relativized realizability in intuitionistic arithmetic of all finite types

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas D. Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Extension Theorem ◽  
General Notion ◽  
Conservative Extension ◽  
First Order ◽  
New Information ◽  
Reflection Theorem ◽  
Order Arithmetic ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Dependent Choice ◽  
Intuitionistic Arithmetic

In this paper we introduce a new notion of realizability for intuitionistic arithmetic in all finite types. The notion seems to us to capture some of the intuition underlying both the recursive realizability of Kjeene [5] and the semantics of Kripke [7]. After some preliminaries of a syntactic and recursion-theoretic character in §1, we motivate and define our notion of realizability in §2. In §3 we prove a soundness theorem, and in §4 we apply that theorem to obtain new information about provability in some extensions of intuitionistic arithmetic in all finite types. In §5 we consider a special case of our general notion and prove a kind of reflection theorem for it. Finally, in §6, we consider a formalized version of our realizability notion and use it to give a new proof of the conservative extension theorem discussed in Goodman and Myhill [4] and proved in our [3]. (Apparently, a form of this result is also proved in Mine [13]. We have not seen this paper, but are relying on [12].) As a corollary, we obtain the following somewhat strengthened result: Let Σ be any extension of first-order intuitionistic arithmetic (HA) formalized in the language of HA. Let Σω be the theory obtained from Σ by adding functionals of finite type with intuitionistic logic, intensional identity, and axioms of choice and dependent choice at all types. Then Σω is a conservative extension of Σ. An interesting example of this theorem is obtained by taking Σ to be classical first-order arithmetic.

Sustainability assessment in the manufacturing industry: a review of recent studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 3162-3179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamraiz Ahmad ◽  
Kuan Yew Wong
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Status ◽  
Different Levels

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review and analyze the recent sustainability assessment studies in the manufacturing industry from the triple-bottom-line (TBL) perspective. This paper aims to depict the status quo of practical sustainability assessment, summarize the different levels and boundaries of evaluation, and highlight the difficulties and further improvements needed to make the assessment more effective in the manufacturing industry. Design/methodology/approach Four keywords, namely, sustainability assessment, sustainable manufacturing, TBL and green production, were used to explore and find the relevant articles. First, this paper systematically reviewed the studies and analyzed the different levels and boundaries of sustainability assessment. Following this, the reviewed studies were critically discussed along with their merits and shortcomings. Findings The review showed that most of the sustainability assessment studies were conducted on product, company and process levels in the manufacturing industry. Nevertheless, there is still a need to focus more on plant and process level assessments to achieve the TBL objectives. Environmental assessment is comparatively matured in manufacturing industries. However, from the economic and social viewpoints, only cost analysis and workers’ safety, respectively, were considered in most of the studies. The economic and social indicators need to be more inclusive and should be validated and standardized for manufacturing industries. Originality/value Unlike previous sustainability assessment reviews in manufacturing industries which were mostly based on life cycle assessment, this paper has included environmental, social and economic aspects in one comprehensive review and focused on recent studies published from 2010 to 2017. This paper has explored the recent sustainability assessment trends and provided insights into the development of sustainability assessment in the manufacturing sector.

English Books of Martyrs and Saints of the Late Sixteenth and Early Seventeenth Centuries

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Status ◽  
Special Case ◽  
The Middle Ages

Martyrs were the first saints and some were among the most popular saints of the Middle Ages. Because it was the manner of theirdeaththat won them their place in heaven, martyrs were a special case; unlike other saints, evidence of heroic virtue in life and miracles were not required. Like the early martyrs, many sixteenth-century English martyrs were immediately recognized as saints by their co-religionists, without reference to judicial processes. But the status of martyr was not popularly accorded automatically to Catholics who died on account of their faith. Despite Southwell's ‘Epitaph’: ‘A Queen I liu'd, now dead I am a Saint/Once MARIE calde; my name now Martir is’, Mary, Queen of Scots, was not generally acclaimed as a martyr, even by Catholics.

Dance and Subtraction: Notes on Alain Badiou's Inaesthetics

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Owen Clark
Keyword(s):  
Academic Writing ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philosophical Writing ◽  
Critical Commentary ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Aesthetic Thinking ◽  
Widespread View ◽  
Special Case

In an essay entirely devoted to the subject of dance in Alain Badiou's Handbook of Inaesthetics [Petit manuel d'inesthétique (Badiou 2005b)], we find the following contentious statement: “Dance is not an art, because it is the sign of the possibility of art as inscribed in the body” (69). At first glance, this statement seems strangely familiar to the reader versed in writing about dance, particularly philosophical writing. “Dance is not an art”: Badiou critiques Mallarmé as not realizing this as the true import of his ideas. It is familiar because it attests to a certain problem in aesthetic thinking, one that relates to the placement and position of dance and the works that comprise its history into what can be seen as certain evaluative hierarchies, particularly vis à vis the relation of dance to other art forms, and in particular, those involving speech and writing. Dance seems to suffer from a certain marginalization, subtraction, or exclusion, and its practice seems to occupy a place of the perennial exception, problem, or special case. The strangeness of the statement, on the other hand, relates to the widespread view outside of academic writing that the status of dance “as art” is actually completely unproblematic. What follows therefore is a critical commentary on this assertion of Badiou, placed both in the context of Badiou's writing, and in the wider one pertaining to the problem of exclusion just outlined.

Mythen, die unter die Haut gehen—zur literarischen Form der Tätowierelegie (PBrux. inv. e 8934 und PSorb. inv. 2254)

Mnemosyne ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Second Century ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractIn the tattoo elegy, written on a papyrus from the second century BC, a speaker threatens to tattoo pictures of mythical sinners and their punishment on someone's skin. I try to show that this alludes to the ancient practice of tattooing a text which describes the offences of a criminal on his body. At the same time, the possible erotic context of the poem suggests that it modifies the mainly elegiac topos of leaving marks (notae in Latin) on the skin of the beloved (part 1). In the following parts I concentrate on the two most important literary forms the tattoo elegy combines, namely ecphrasis and catalogue. The poet stresses the catalogue form on different levels of content as well as of form (part 2). The combination of both forms is already prepared for in archaic poetry (part 3). The speaker exploits the uncertainty whether the description only tells what is represented in the pictures or whether it becomes a narrative expansion without a visible equivalent. This uncertainty is inherent in every ecphrasis, but in this special case, where the production of the picture is connected with the pain of the tattooing, it reaches a new degree of intensity.

scholarly journals The suspension of solids in a turbulent stream

1937 ◽  
Vol 162 (911) ◽  
pp. 583-597 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Solid Material ◽  
The Body ◽  
Suspended Material ◽  
Natural Stream ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Artificial Channel ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Exponential Relation

A considerable amount of research has been done recently on the mechanism by which grains of sand, etc., may be picked up by a river or by a gale of wind and carried to some distance. In particular Jeffreys (1929) has considered the theoretical aspects of the action while the writer (1934) and Bagnold (1936) have published experimental data on the action by which the grains are picked up in water and air respectively. Another problem of considerable practical importance is th a t of the quantity—or, more strictly, the time average of the quantity—of solid material carried at different levels above the bed or ground. Up to the present, data on this question have all been collected in relation to a special case, i. e. that in which the particles have the same size and density. Thus, Hurst (1929) collected samples of uniformly graded sand at different depths in a turbo-cylinder containing a vigorously stirred mixture of sieved sand in water, and showed that, in the body of the cylinder, an exponential relation between “weight” of sample and height above the bottom of the vessel existed. The present paper is mainly concerned with measurements of the concentration of the suspended material near the uniformly graded bed of an artificial channel and the application of these results to the conditions in a natural stream.

scholarly journals Between syntax and discourse

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Laleko ◽  
Maria Polinsky
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Heritage Speakers ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Structure Level ◽  
Different Types ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
The Status ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract This article examines the knowledge of topic and subject particles in heritage speakers and L2 learners of Japanese and Korean. We assume that topic marking is mediated at the syntax-information structure interface, while subject marking pertains to narrow syntax. In comparing phenomena mediated at different levels of linguistic organization, we provide evidence for the hypothesis that information structure-level phenomena present greater challenges for bilingual speakers than those mediated within syntax. While these results may be interpreted as evidence of generalized interface-related deficits, we show that such a global explanation is not supported. Instead, a more nuanced account is developed, based on the recognition of different types of topic (anaphoric, generic, and contrastive) and different types of subject (descriptive and exhaustive). Under the proposed account, non-native speakers’ deficits follow from three unrelated effects: the status of topic as an interface category, structural complexity, and the memory demands necessary for its interpretation in context.

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