scholarly journals Effects of a scalar field on the thermodynamics of interuniversal entanglement

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (05) ◽  
pp. 1450043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iñaki Garay ◽  
Salvador Robles-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Bogoliubov Transformation ◽  
The Universe

We consider a multiverse scenario made up of classically disconnected regions of the spacetime that are, nevertheless, in a quantum entangled state. The addition of a scalar field enriches the model and allows us to treat both the inflationary and the "oscillatory stage" of the universe on the same basis. Imposing suitable boundary conditions on the state of the multiverse, two different representations are constructed related by a Bogoliubov transformation. We compute the thermodynamic magnitudes of the entanglement, such as entropy and energy, explore the effects introduced by the presence of the scalar field and compare with previous results in the absence of scalar field.

scholarly journals Quantum Cosmology of Quadratic f(R) Theories with a FRW Metric

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Vázquez-Báez ◽  
C. Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Numerical Solution ◽  
Quantum Cosmology ◽  
Free Parameter ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Frw Metric ◽  
The Universe

We study the quantum cosmology of a quadratic fR theory with a FRW metric, via one of its equivalent Horndeski type actions, where the dynamic of the scalar field is induced. The classical equations of motion and the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, in their exact versions, are solved numerically. There is a free parameter in the action from which two cases follow: inflation + exit and inflation alone. The numerical solution of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation depends strongly on the boundary conditions, which can be chosen so that the resulting wave function of the universe is normalizable and consistent with Hermitian operators.

scholarly journals Extended Holographic Ricci Dark Energy in Chameleon Brans-Dicke Cosmology

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surajit Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Dark Energy ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Potential Function ◽  
State Parameter ◽  
The State ◽  
Coupling Function ◽  
Ricci Dark Energy ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Matter Sector

In the present work, we have studied some features of the generalized Brans-Dicke (BD) model in which the scalar field is allowed to couple nonminimally with the matter sector. Extended holographic Ricci dark energy (EHRDE) has been considered in the above framework of BD cosmology. Some restrictions have been derived for the BD parameter ω, and a stronger matter-chameleon coupling has been observed with the expansion of the universe. In this framework, the equation of the state parameter of EHRDE has behaved like quintom. Also, we have reconstructed the potential and coupling function for BD model for the EHRDE. It has been observed that the potential function is increasing as the matter-chameleon coupling is getting stronger.

What is Quantum Entanglement?

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Gershon Kurizki ◽  
Goren Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Entanglement ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Quantum Objects ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Non Locality

In this adventure, two quantum characters interact, because Henry has constructed a quantum suit for his cat, Schred. Henry and Schred end up in a quantum-entangled state. Remarkably, by measuring one of two entangled systems, the state of the other system is immediately collapsed, even if they are far apart. This bizarre feature of entanglement implies non-locality—synchronization or “collusion” between quantum objects, regardless of their distance. Cosmology provides an explanation: the universe emerged from a unified state describable as a quantum-entangled “hologram”. This notion resonates with the ancient Hindu view that the common essence of all things, the Brahman, can be revealed at every level of the natural hierarchy. The appendix to this chapter discusses operators that create entanglement.

scholarly journals Bootstrapping boundary-localized interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor Behan ◽  
Lorenzo Di Pietro ◽  
Edoardo Lauria ◽  
Balt C. van Rees
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Parameter Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Conformal Boundary ◽  
Dimensional Boundary ◽  
Dirichlet And Neumann Conditions ◽  
Boundary Fields ◽  
Boundary Dynamics

Abstract We study conformal boundary conditions for the theory of a single real scalar to investigate whether the known Dirichlet and Neumann conditions are the only possibilities. For this free bulk theory there are strong restrictions on the possible boundary dynamics. In particular, we find that the bulk-to-boundary operator expansion of the bulk field involves at most a ‘shadow pair’ of boundary fields, irrespective of the conformal boundary condition. We numerically analyze the four-point crossing equations for this shadow pair in the case of a three-dimensional boundary (so a four-dimensional scalar field) and find that large ranges of parameter space are excluded. However a ‘kink’ in the numerical bounds obeys all our consistency checks and might be an indication of a new conformal boundary condition.

scholarly journals Casimir effect for a massive scalar field under mixed boundary conditions

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C. Aguiar Pinto ◽  
T.M. Britto ◽  
R. Bunchaft ◽  
F. Pascoal ◽  
F.S.S. da Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Mixed Boundary ◽  
Casimir Effect ◽  
Mixed Boundary Conditions ◽  
Massive Scalar ◽  
Massive Scalar Field

The State of the Universe

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-50
Author(s):  
R Hide
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Universe

Recent results in trapped-ion quantum computing at NIST

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (Special) ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
D. Kielpinski ◽  
A. Ben-Kish ◽  
J. Britton ◽  
V. Meyer ◽  
M.A. Rowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Bell’S Inequality ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Bell's Inequality ◽  
Quantum Register ◽  
Sigma Level ◽  
Universal Quantum ◽  
Encoding Method ◽  
First Time

We review recent experiments on entanglement, Bell's inequality, and decoherence-free subspaces in a quantum register of trapped {9Be+} ions. We have demonstrated entanglement of up to four ions using the technique of Molmer and Sorensen. This method produces the state ({|\uparrow\uparrow\rangle}+{|\downarrow\downarrow\rangle})/\sqrt{2} for two ions and the state ({\downarrow}{\downarrow}{\downarrow}{\downarrow} \rangle + | {\uparrow}{\uparrow}{\uparrow}{\uparrow} \rangle)/\sqrt{2} for four ions. We generate the entanglement deterministically in each shot of the experiment. Measurements on the two-ion entangled state violates Bell's inequality at the 8\sigma level. Because of the high detector efficiency of our apparatus, this experiment closes the detector loophole for Bell's inequality measurements for the first time. This measurement is also the first violation of Bell's inequality by massive particles that does not implicitly assume results from quantum mechanics. Finally, we have demonstrated reversible encoding of an arbitrary qubit, originally contained in one ion, into a decoherence-free subspace (DFS) of two ions. The DFS-encoded qubit resists applied collective dephasing noise and retains coherence under ambient conditions 3.6 times longer than does an unencoded qubit. The encoding method, which uses single-ion gates and the two-ion entangling gate, demonstrates all the elements required for two-qubit universal quantum logic.

scholarly journals Probabilistic Resumable Quantum Teleportation of a Two-Qubit Entangled State

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan-Yun Wang ◽  
Yi-Tao Gou ◽  
Jin-Xing Hou ◽  
Li-Ke Cao ◽  
Xiao-Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Channel ◽  
Quantum Teleportation ◽  
The State ◽  
Entangled States ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Quantum Channels ◽  
Unknown State ◽  
Optimal Probability

We explicitly present a generalized quantum teleportation of a two-qubit entangled state protocol, which uses two pairs of partially entangled particles as quantum channel. We verify that the optimal probability of successful teleportation is determined by the smallest superposition coefficient of these partially entangled particles. However, the two-qubit entangled state to be teleported will be destroyed if teleportation fails. To solve this problem, we show a more sophisticated probabilistic resumable quantum teleportation scheme of a two-qubit entangled state, where the state to be teleported can be recovered by the sender when teleportation fails. Thus the information of the unknown state is retained during the process. Accordingly, we can repeat the teleportion process as many times as one has available quantum channels. Therefore, the quantum channels with weak entanglement can also be used to teleport unknown two-qubit entangled states successfully with a high number of repetitions, and for channels with strong entanglement only a small number of repetitions are required to guarantee successful teleportation.

The Cosmic Triangle: Revealing the State of the Universe

Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 284 (5419) ◽  
pp. 1481-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Bahcall
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Universe
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