INDICATIONS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RELEVANCE OF NOISE AND CHAOS

2004 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. L207-L217 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANS A. BRAUN ◽  
KARL VOIGT ◽  
J. CHRISTIAN KRIEG ◽  
MARTIN T. HUBER
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Sensory Receptors ◽  
Noise Effects ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Modelling Studies ◽  
Peripheral Sensory

In recent years biophysical approaches have had particular impact on the progress in physiological and biological research. In systems biology such progress is often associated with the terms "noise" and "chaos". The introduction of these physically based concepts into life sciences has essentially been promoted by the work of Frank Moss and his group. This paper provides evidence of the physiological relevance of such biophysically based approaches with examples from quite different physiological and pathophysiological functions like temperature transduction in peripheral sensory receptors and the progression of mood disorders. We will use modelling studies, based on experimental and clinical data, to illustrate that both systems can attain specific dynamical states where chaos and/or noise plays an essential role and we will try to describe under which conditions functionally relevant noise effects or chaotic behaviour can be expected.

Analysis of the Evolution and Structure of Systems Biology

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 1006-1010
Author(s):  
Chao Liu ◽  
Lian Fen Liu ◽  
Fu Guo Li ◽  
Nai Hua Jiang ◽  
Wen Juan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
System Level ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Fundamental Challenge

Systems biology is a term used to describe a number of trends in bioscience research, and a movement which draws on those trends. Systems biology aims to understand the biology from the system level. The fundamental challenge of systems biology is to establish a complete, detailed description of the link between biological molecules and to study molecular interactions and the close association between the physiological responses. Systems biology methods in the system under the guidance will enable us to break the shackles of the old research model to study life from the grasp of the whole phenomenon. We must effectively grasp and follow the systems biology approach to guide our biological research practice.

scholarly journals Life: Computational Genomics Applications in Life Sciences

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1211
Author(s):  
Yuriy L. Orlov ◽  
Anastasia A. Anashkina
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Computational Genomics ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Special Issue

This Special Issue, “Life: Computational Genomics”, presents research articles on systems biology applications, computational genomics, and bioinformatics methods in life sciences [...]

scholarly journals Fecal cortisol metabolites as indicators of stress in crab-eating-fox (Cerdocyoun thous) in captivity

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 859-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina C.R. Paz ◽  
Nely P. Souza ◽  
Janine L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fecal Cortisol ◽  
Fecal Glucocorticoid Metabolites ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Cortisol Metabolites

Abstract: Blood samples collection is a common method in biological research using domestic animals. However, most blood sampling techniques are complicated and highly invasive and may therefore not be appropriate for wildlife animals in research concerning stress. Thus, a non-invasive method to measure steroid hormones is critically needed. The first goal of this study was to determine how glucocorticoids concentrations are impacted by translocation and reproductive activity in crab-eating-fox (Cerdocyoun thous) in captivity. The physiological relevance of fecal glucocorticoid metabolites was further validated by demonstrating: (1) The translocation of a male to a females enclosure resulted in a 3.5-fold increase compared to baseline concentrations, (2) changes in adrenocortical activity, as reflected in concentrations of fecal cortisol metabolites during reproduction, gestation and lactation in females foxes, indicating that social interactions resulted in large increases of fecal glucocorticoids metabolites during the reproductive season. From these findings we conclude that fecal samples can be used for the non-invasive assessment of adrenocortical status in crab-eating-fox.

Non-pharmacological methods of pain relief and systemic analgesia in labour

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace McClune ◽  
David Hill
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Complementary Therapies ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Labour Pain ◽  
Opioid Analgesia ◽  
Sensory Receptors ◽  
Pain Sensation ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Inhibitory Pathways ◽  
Peripheral Sensory

Pain in labour is an issue common to women the world over. Healthcare professionals have an important role in helping women to understand this pain and to make informed choices regarding its management. Pain relief for labour comes in many forms. This chapter explores the theory behind labour pain and then discusses the use of non-pharmacological methods of pain relief (complementary therapies) or systemic analgesia in labour. The non-pharmacological methods described include those that aim to reduce painful stimuli and those that modulate pain sensation by the activation of peripheral sensory receptors or the enhancement of descending inhibitory pathways. Systemic analgesia in labour described in this chapter includes the use of inhalational agents, non-opioid analgesia, and opioid analgesia. The rationale behind the use of each method described is discussed along with evidence regarding the efficacy and limitations where available. Routes of administration and dosing are included where applicable. The potential for maternal or neonatal side effects is highlighted and conclusions drawn for each method as to the implications of the evidence to use in practice.

scholarly journals The biological sciences in India

2009 ◽  
Vol 184 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald D. Vale ◽  
Karen Dell
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Faculty Support ◽  
Scientific Excellence ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Us ◽  
Future Growth

India is gearing up to become an international player in the life sciences, powered by its recent economic growth and a desire to add biotechnology to its portfolio. In this article, we present the history, current state, and projected future growth of biological research in India. To fulfill its aspirations, India's greatest challenge will be in educating, recruiting, and supporting its next generation of scientists. Such challenges are faced by the US/Europe, but are particularly acute in developing countries that are racing to achieve scientific excellence, perhaps faster than their present educational and faculty support systems will allow.

scholarly journals VGLUTs in Peripheral Neurons and the Spinal Cord: Time for a Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo R. Brumovsky
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Synaptic Vesicles ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
Peripheral Neurons ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Autonomic Neurons ◽  
Vesicular Glutamate Transporters ◽  
Peripheral Sensory

Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) are key molecules for the incorporation of glutamate in synaptic vesicles across the nervous system, and since their discovery in the early 1990s, research on these transporters has been intense and productive. This review will focus on several aspects of VGLUTs research on neurons in the periphery and the spinal cord. Firstly, it will begin with a historical account on the evolution of the morphological analysis of glutamatergic systems and the pivotal role played by the discovery of VGLUTs. Secondly, and in order to provide an appropriate framework, there will be a synthetic description of the neuroanatomy and neurochemistry of peripheral neurons and the spinal cord. This will be followed by a succinct description of the current knowledge on the expression of VGLUTs in peripheral sensory and autonomic neurons and neurons in the spinal cord. Finally, this review will address the modulation of VGLUTs expression after nerve and tissue insult, their physiological relevance in relation to sensation, pain, and neuroprotection, and their potential pharmacological usefulness.

Analysis and modelling of signal transduction pathways in systems biology

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1503-1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-H. Cho ◽  
O. Wolkenhauer
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Systems Biology ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Biological Networks ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Functional Relationships

There is general agreement that a systems approach is needed for a better understanding of causal and functional relationships that generate the dynamics of biological networks and pathways. These observations have been the basis for efforts to get the engineering and physical sciences involved in life sciences. The emergence of systems biology as a new area of research is evidence for these developments. Dynamic modelling and simulation of signal transduction pathways is an important theme in systems biology and is getting growing attention from researchers with an interest in the analysis of dynamic systems. This paper introduces systems biology in terms of the analysis and modelling of signal transduction pathways. Focusing on mathematical representations of cellular dynamics, a number of emerging challenges and perspectives are discussed.

scholarly journals A Better, Faster Road From Biological Data to Human Health: A Systems Biology Approach for Engineered Cell Cultures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T. Hawkins ◽  
Sonia Grego
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Toxicity Risk ◽  
Therapeutic Development ◽  
Single Cell Type

Traditionally, the interactions of drugs and toxicants with human tissue have been investigated in a reductionist way—for example, by focusing on specific molecular targets and using single-cell-type cultures before testing compounds in whole organisms. More recently, “systems biology” approaches attempt to enhance the predictive value of in vitro biological data by adopting a comprehensive description of biological systems and using computational tools that are sophisticated enough to handle the complexity of these systems. However, the utility of computational models resulting from these efforts completely relies on the quality of the data used to construct them. Here, we propose that recent advances in the development of bioengineered, three-dimensional, multicellular constructs provide in vitro data of sufficient complexity and physiological relevance to be used in predictive systems biology models of human responses. Such predictive models are essential to maximally leveraging these emerging bioengineering technologies to improve both therapeutic development and toxicity risk assessment. This brief outlines the opportunities presented by emerging technologies and approaches for the acceleration of drug development and toxicity testing, as well as the challenges lying ahead for the field.

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