APPLICATION OF CHEMICAL CHAOS TO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

A simple theoretical consideration of the possibility of using deterministic chaos for a quantitative determination of trace amounts of chemical compounds is analyzed in terms of return maps. This allows the development of a general approach to find a calibration plot for a chemical compound determination, i.e. to find a one-to-one correspondence between a measured value and the concentration of a substance to be determined. As experimental verification of these theoretical results, we present a study of the effect of copper (II) ions on the transient chaotic regime in the BZ reaction catalyzed by ferroin in batch as well as of the effect of vanadium (IV) on the deterministic chaotic regime in the BZ reaction catalyzed by ferroin in a CSTR. These studies show that it is possible to quantify the response of transient chaotic regimes to chemical compounds, i.e. to construct a calibration plot for chemical compound determination using their effect on the chaotic dynamics in the BZ reaction. Moreover, these studies shown that vanadium (IV) affects the chaotic regimes at concentration levels of the order of 10-12 g/mL , which gives the best detection limit for the kinetic methods of trace analysis.

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Implementasi Algoritma Prim Dalam Penentuan Ikatan Senyawa Kimia

Jurnal ULTIMA Computing ◽

10.31937/sk.v9i2.789 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 48-51

Author(s):

Olivia Benazir Ester Tiwow ◽

Adhi Kusnadi

Keyword(s):

Programming Language ◽

Chemical Compound ◽

Spanning Tree ◽

Minimum Spanning Tree ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Accuracy Rate ◽

Class A ◽

Minimum Number ◽

Index Terms

This research concerns the implementation of Prim algorithm in the determination of bond of a chemical compound. By doing a minimum spanning tree search of a weight graph that has been created. Input from the user in the form of chemical compounds will be processed so that the compound can be divided into elements that will act as nodes on the prime algorithm. Weight of the tangent node is obtained from the comparison of the minimum number of atoms that can react between the two elements that will be bonded to each other. Applications developed on the basis of the web by considering the functionality of the design can be accessed by many people. System design is poured into HTML and Javascript programming language. All design functionality is poured into the Javascript programming language. This study is still limited to programs that can only process the input of compounds that are in class A in the periodic table. And preformed compounds such as SO42-, HO3-. This application has an accuracy rate of 77.41% and 66.67% of testers said that this application is useful for Indonesian education. Index Terms—Chemical Compound, prim algoritm, minimum spanning tree, website, Javascript.

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Changes of some sewage sludge parameters prepared with an ultrasonic field

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1997.0399 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 36 (11) ◽

pp. 101-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

January Bien ◽

Lidia Wolny

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Microscopic Analysis ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Ultrasonic Field ◽

Water Removal ◽

Vacuum Filter ◽

Additional Criterion ◽

New Methods ◽

Sludge Conditioning

Studies of sewage sludge conditioning by ultrasonic field concentrate on determination of the increase of water removal effect, which depends on kind of sludge and chemical compounds used in the dewatering process. An attempt was made to find new methods of sludge preparation before dewatering. Tests presented here focused on digested and difficult dewatered sludge. The sludge was dewatered on a vacuum filter after conditioning with polyelectrolytes and the ultrasonic field. The microscopic analysis was an additional criterion to evaluate changes in the sludge structure after preparation. The polyelectrolyte dose of 3 mg/g d.m. sonicated within 15 sec. resulted in the 50% decrease of sludge volume. Results presented confirmed our previous experiences, concerning the relation between conglomerates of sludge and the effect of dewatering.

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Determination of Agarwood oil’s significant chemical compounds using principal component analysis

10.1063/5.0035224 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohamad Hushnie Haron ◽

Mohd Nasir Taib ◽

Nurlaila Ismail ◽

Nor Azah Mohd Ali ◽

Saiful Nizam Tajuddin

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Principal Component ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Component Analysis ◽

Significant Chemical

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IV. On the dynamical theory of incompressible viscous fluids and the determination of the criterion

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. (A.) ◽

10.1098/rsta.1895.0004 ◽

1895 ◽

Vol 186 ◽

pp. 123-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 696

Keyword(s):

Singular Solution ◽

Physical State ◽

Theoretical Calculations ◽

Equations Of Motion ◽

Dynamical Theory ◽

Viscous Fluids ◽

Linear Functions ◽

Incompressible Viscous Fluids ◽

Theoretical Results

1. The equations of motion of viscous fluid (obtained by grafting on certain terms to the abstract equations of the Eulerian form so as to adapt these equations to the case of fluids subject to stresses depending in some hypothetical manner on the rates of distortion, which equations Navier seems to have first introduced in 1822, and which were much studied by Cauchy and Poisson) were finally shown by St. Venant and Sir Gabriel Stokes, in 1845, to involve no other assumption than that the stresses, other than that of pressure uniform in all directions, are linear functions of the rates of distortion, with a co-efficient depending on the physical state of the fluid. By obtaining a singular solution of these equations as applied to the case of pendulums in steady periodic motion, Sir G. Stokes was able to compare the theoretical results with the numerous experiments that had been recorded, with the result that the theoretical calculations agreed so closely with the experimental determinations as seemingly to prove the truth of the assumption involved. This was also the result of comparing the flow of water through uniform tubes with the flow calculated from a singular solution of the equations so long as the tubes were small and the velocities slow. On the other hand, these results, both theoretical and practical, were directly at variance with common experience as to the resistance encountered by larger bodies moving with higher velocities through water, or by water moving with greater velocities through larger tubes. This discrepancy Sir G. Stokes considered as probably resulting from eddies which rendered the actual motion other than that to which the singular solution referred and not as disproving the assumption.

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Analysis of Stress Concentrations in Thick Cylinders With Sideholes and Crossholes

Journal of Engineering for Industry ◽

10.1115/1.3428256 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 94 (3) ◽

pp. 815-824 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

J. C. Gerdeen

Keyword(s):

Stress Concentration ◽

Stress Concentrations ◽

Concentration Factors ◽

Stress Concentration Factors ◽

Experimental Values ◽

Pressure Stress ◽

Shrink Fit ◽

Outside Diameter ◽

Theoretical Results

An approximate theoretical analysis is presented for the determination of stress concentration factors in thick walled cylinders with sideholes and crossholes. The cylinders are subjected to both internal pressure and external shrink-fit pressure. Stress concentration factors are plotted as functions of the geometrical ratios of outside diameter-to-bore diameter, and bore diameter-to-sidehole diameter. Theoretical results are compared to experimental values available in the literature and results of experiments described in a separate paper.

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Determination of Bioactive Components of 60°С Volatiles from Cinnamomum camphora Branches by TD-GC/MS

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.852 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 230-232 ◽

pp. 852-856

Author(s):

Qing Li ◽

Dang Quan Zhang ◽

Qi Mei Liu ◽

Kuan Peng

Keyword(s):

Chemical Compounds ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Cinnamomum Camphora ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

Industrial Materials ◽

Analytical Result ◽

Main Components

The chemical components of helium volatiles from the fresh branches of Cinnamomum camphora were studied by TD-GC/MS. The analytical result by 60°С-based TD-GC/MS showed that 55 peaks were obtained from the helium volatiles from the fresh branches of Cinnamomum camphora and 53 chemical compounds were identified. The results showed that the main components were as: Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1R)- (15.4328%), 1,3-Benzodioxole, 5-(2-propenyl)- (14.881%), Tricyclo[2.2.1.0(2,6)]heptane, 1,7-dimethyl-7-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (-)- (12.694%), p-menth-1-en-8-ol (9.832%), Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 2-methyl-3-methylene-2-(4-methyl-3- pentenyl)-, (1S-exo)- (6.143%), 1,6,10-Dodecatrien-3-ol, 3,7,11-trimethyl- (5.365%), Bicyclo[3.1.1] hept-2-ene, 2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)- (4.527%), Naphthalene, 1,2,3,5,6,8a- hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-, (1S-cis)- (4.129%), 3-Cyclohexen-1-ol, 4-methyl-1- (1-methylethyl)- (2.965%), Borneol (2.627%), Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, acetate, (1S-endo)- (2.586%), Copaene (2.534%), 1,6,10-Dodecatriene, 7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-, (Z)- (1.612%), (-)-Isosativene (1.121%), etc. The analytical result suggested that the helium volatiles from the fresh branches of Cinnamomum camphora could be used as industrial materials of biomedicines and spicery.

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Validasi dari Spektrofotometri UV-Vis dan Kandungan Total Flavonoid Ekstrak Etanol dari Akar Alang-Alang (Imperata cylindrica) dan Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica) Anita Puspa Widiyana

Journal of Pharmaceutical Care Anwar Medika ◽

10.36932/jpcam.v3i2.69 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 126-136

Author(s):

Anita Puspa Widiyana ◽

Keyword(s):

Chemical Constituents ◽

Centella Asiatica ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Imperata Cylindrica ◽

Total Flavonoid ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Validation Testing

Validation as a quality control for the content of chemical compounds from natural ingredients. One of the chemical constituents is the flavonoids which are found in the Imperatacylindrica roots and Centella asiatica leaves. This study aims to ensure the analysis method meets the requirements and determines the levels of flavonoids. The research stages included extraction, validation and determination of total flavonoid. Extraction was carried out by immersing dry simplicia in 96% ethanol solvent for 3x24 hours. The solvent is evaporated using a rotary evaporator until a thick extract is formed. Validation testing includes linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD and LOQ. Determinationof the total flavonoid was carried out by measuring the absorption at a maximum wavelength of 428.2 nm. The validation results includethe correlation coefficient (R) of 0.998, precision % RSD <2 %, %accuracy 99,53-97,98%, LOD 3.02ppm and LOQ 9.15 ppm. The total flavonoid of the ethanol extract of Imperata cylindrica roots was 36.39 ± 0.08 mg/g QE and Centella asiatica leaves was 102.10 ± 0.08 mg/g QE. The conclusion is that the method used met the validation requirements and the total flavonoid content of the ethanol extract of Centella asiatica leaves was higher than Imperata cylindrica roots

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A VALIDATED METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF TAPENTADOL HYDROCHLORIDE IN BULK AND ITS PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION BY DENSITOMETRIC ANALYSIS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽

10.53879/id.49.12.p0051 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 49 (12) ◽

pp. 51-55

Author(s):

S Kathirvel ◽

◽

K. Madhu Babu

Keyword(s):

Mobile Phase ◽

High Performance ◽

Dosage Form ◽

Chromatographic Method ◽

Glacial Acetic Acid ◽

Calibration Plot ◽

Pharmaceutical Dosage Form ◽

Aluminum Plates ◽

Tablet Dosage

Described in this manuscript is the first reported new, simple high performance thin layer chromatographic method for the determination of tapentadol hydrochloride in bulk and its tablet dosage form. The drug was separated on aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 with butanol: water: glacial acetic acid in the ratio of 6:2:2 (v/v/v) as mobile phase. Quantitative analysis was performed by densitometric scanning at 254 nm. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. The calibration plot was linear over the range of 200-600 ng band -1 for tapentadol hydrochloride. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of drug in a pharmaceutical dosage form.

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