scholarly journals Effect of home-based Tai Chi, Yoga or conventional balance exercise on functional balance and mobility among persons with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease: An experimental study

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (01) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arva Khuzema ◽  
A. Brammatha ◽  
V. Arul Selvan
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Functional Balance ◽  
Balance Scale ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Balance Exercises ◽  
Main Effect

Background: Individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) invariably experience functional decline in a number of motor and non-motor domains affecting posture, balance and gait. Numerous clinical studies have examined effects of various types of exercise on motor and non-motor problems. But still much gap remains in our understanding of various therapies and their effect on delaying or slowing the dopamine neuron degeneration. Recently, Tai Chi and Yoga both have gained popularity as complementary therapies, since both have components for mind and body control. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether eight weeks of home-based Tai Chi or Yoga was more effective than regular balance exercises on functional balance and mobility. Methods: Twenty-seven individuals with Idiopathic PD (Modified Hoehn and Yahr stages 2.5–3) were randomly assigned to either Tai Chi, Yoga or Conventional exercise group. All the participants were evaluated for Functional Balance and Mobility using Berg Balance Scale, Timed 10[Formula: see text]m Walk test and Timed Up and Go test before and after eight weeks of training. Results: The results were analyzed using two-way mixed ANOVA which showed that there was a significant main effect for time as F (1, 24) [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] for overall balance in Berg Balance Scale. There was also significant main effect of time on mobility overall as F(1, 24) [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] in Timed up and Go test and F(1, 24) [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] for 10[Formula: see text]m Walk test. There was a significant interaction effect for [Formula: see text] with F(2, 24) [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] for balance. With respect to mobility, the values F(2, 24) [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] in Timed Up and Go test and F(2, 24) [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] in 10[Formula: see text]m Walk test showed a significant interaction. But there was no significant main effect between the groups for both balance and mobility. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that Tai Chi as well as Yoga are well adhered and are attractive options for a home-based setting. As any form of physical activity is considered beneficial for individuals with PD either Tai Chi, Yoga or conventional balance exercises could be used as therapeutic intervention to optimize balance and mobility. Further studies are necessary to understand the mind–body benefits of Tai Chi and Yoga either as multicomponent physical activities or as individual therapies in various stages of PD.

The benefits of using a vacuum-assisted socket system to improve balance and gait in elderly transtibial amputees

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Beatriz Samitier ◽  
Lluis Guirao ◽  
Maria Costea ◽  
Josep M Camós ◽  
Eulogio Pleguezuelos
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Balance Scale ◽  
Four Square ◽  
Transtibial Amputees

Background:Lower limb amputation leads to impaired balance, ambulation, and transfers. Proper fit of the prosthesis is a determining factor for successful ambulation. Vacuum-assisted socket systems extract air from the socket, which decreases pistoning and probability of soft-tissue injuries and increases proprioception and socket comfort.Objectives:To investigate the effect of vacuum-assisted socket system on transtibial amputees’ performance-based and perceived balance, transfers, and gait.Study design:Quasi-experimental before-and-after study.Methods:Subjects were initially assessed using their prosthesis with the regular socket and re-evaluated 4 weeks after fitting including the vacuum-assisted socket system. We evaluated the mobility grade using Medicare Functional Classification Level, Berg Balance Scale, Four Square Step Test, Timed Up and Go Test, the 6-Min Walk Test, the Locomotor Capabilities Index, Satisfaction with Prosthesis (SAT-PRO questionnaire), and Houghton Scale.Results:A total of 16 unilateral transtibial dysvascular amputees, mean age 65.12 (standard deviation = 10.15) years. Using the vacuum-assisted socket system, the patients significantly improved in balance, gait, and transfers: scores of the Berg Balance Scale increased from 45.75 (standard deviation = 6.91) to 49.06 (standard deviation = 5.62) ( p < 0.01), Four Square Step Test decreased from 18.18 (standard deviation = 3.84) s to 14.97 (3.9) s ( p < 0.01), Timed Up and Go Test decreased from 14.3 (standard deviation = 3.29) s to 11.56 (2.46) s ( p < 0.01). The distance walked in the 6-Min Walk Test increased from 288.53 (standard deviation = 59.57) m to 321.38 (standard deviation = 72.81) m ( p < 0.01).Conclusion:Vacuum-assisted socket systems are useful for improving balance, gait, and transfers in over-50-year-old dysvascular transtibial amputees.Clinical relevanceThis study gives more insight into the use of vacuum-assisted socket systems to improve elderly transtibial dysvascular amputees’ functionality and decrease their risk of falls. The use of an additional distal valve in the socket should be considered in patients with a lower activity level.

scholarly journals Functional Balance Assessment of Older Community Dwelling Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity Langley ◽  
Shylie Mackintosh
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Balance Assessment ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Functional Balance ◽  
Balance Scale ◽  
Balance Tests ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: For allied health professionals wishing to assess the functional balance of older adults living in the community, the vast number of functional balance tests available makes it difficult to decide which assessment is most appropriate. Objective: To identify the reliability, concurrent validity and clinical practicality of functional balance tests with community dwelling older adults. Methods: A systematic review of published literature relevant to 17 functional balance tests was undertaken. The 17 functional balance tests were identified by a preliminary literature search and through consultation with an expert in the field of functional balance assessment. Studies published in English before January 2007, assessing the use of these functional balance tests with community dwelling adults aged 65 years or above were included. The CINAHL, MEDLINE, Ageline, Amed, PubMed, Cochrane library, PEDro and Joanna Briggs Institute databases were searched. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using a checklist criteria adapted from the Cochrane Working Group for Screening and Diagnostic Tests. Results: Eight databases were searched and 21 studies were included. The majority of studies demonstrated low to moderate methodological quality scores. Despite limitations reported for clinical application with community dwelling older adults, the Berg Balance Scale and the Timed Up and Go Test have been most rigorously tested. Reliability and concurrent validity of the Balance Screening Tool and the Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale had also been established in this population, however only one study was retrieved for each. Conclusion: The Berg Balance Scale and Timed Up and Go Test have published reliability, validity with community dwelling older adults. Further testing of other functional balance tests is required to establish their reliability and validity in this target population.

Effects of proprioception training program on balance among patients with diabetic neuropathy: a quasi experimental trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Humaira Iram ◽  
Muhammad Kashif ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Junaid Hassan ◽  
Salma Bunyad ◽  
Samra Asghar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Functional Reach ◽  
Functional Reach Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Eyes Open

Abstract Objective: To determine the effects of proprioception training in improving balance in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Methods: A quasi-experimental design study was conducted at the Safi Hospital Faisalabad for eight weeks from August to December 2019. Out of, 38, 19 patients were placed in exercise group (10 males, 9 females; mean age 64 ± 7.7 years; range 60 to 83 years) and 19 patients were placed in controls group (12 males, 7 females; mean age 63 ± 8.2 years) were included in this study through consecutive sampling technique. Proprioception Training was given to exercise group twice a week for eight weeks and the diabetes awareness campaign was given once a week to the control group. Static and dynamic balance were assessed by using One Leg Standing (OLS) Test with eyes open and closed, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Reach Test (FRT), Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) and 10-M Walk Test (10-MWT). The data was collected before and after treatment and was compared using independent sample t-test. Results: The finding of the study showed that OLS score with eyes open improved significantly with p<0.05 and does not show improvement with eyes closed p =.073. The dynamic balance from the Berg Balance Scale, Functional Reach Test, Timed Up and Go Test and 10-M Walk Test revealed significant improvement after the balance exercises with p<0.05 Conclusion: It is concluded that proprioception training exercises are effective in improving balance among patients with Diabetic neuropathy. Continuous...

scholarly journals Revisão de dois instrumentos clínicos de avaliação para predizer risco de quedas em idosos

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Hotta Ansai ◽  
Soraia Fernandes das Neves Glisoi ◽  
Tamara de Oliveira ◽  
Aline Thomaz Soares ◽  
Kelem de Negreiros Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Balance Scale

Introdução: Quedas são um problema clínico comum nos idosos, que pode reduzir sua mobilidade e independência. O uso de instrumentos simples para detecção do risco de quedas é fundamental para prevenção e tratamento de tais eventos. Não há, porém, consenso quanto aos testes mais adequados para cada situação. Objetivo: Revisar estudos sobre eficácia, sensibilidade e especificidade dos testes Timed Up and Go Test e Berg Balance Scale, a fim de verificar qual é o mais apropriado para predizer quedas em idosos. Métodos: Realizou-se revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados MEDLINE, PubMed, ISI, LILACS e Portal de Periódicos CAPES, entre os anos de 2001 e 2011. Resultados: Foram selecionados 37 artigos, sendo 17 sobre a Berg Balance Scale e 20 sobre o Timed Up and Go Test. A revisão mostrou que os dois testes podem ser bons preditores de quedas, mas os artigos diferiram quanto à definição de queda e caidor, tipo de estudo, quantidade e característica da amostra e avaliação de quedas, levando a diferentes resultados quanto a nota de corte, sensibilidade, especificidade e predição de quedas. Há controvérsias quanto à capacidade de predição em perfis específicos, como os idosos ativos. Conclusão: Os testes avaliados são eficazes para predição de quedas, desde que adaptados para cada perfil. Novos estudos devem ser realizados com metodologia homogênea, a fim de favorecer a comparação de resultados sobre a eficácia desses testes.

scholarly journals Аналіз наявних інструментів оцінювання впливу фізичної терапії на осіб з хворобою Паркінсона

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
В. Брушко ◽  
Р. Баннікова ◽  
А. Ковельська
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Minute Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk ◽  
Disease Questionnaire ◽  
10 Meter Walk Test

Резюме. Правильний і обґрунтований вибір інструментальних методів оцінювання функціо-нального стану пацієнта є обов’язковою умовою адекватної фізичної терапії. Особливе місце цей аспект займає в системі нейрореабілітації пацієнтів з хворобою Паркінсона в Україні, оскільки на сьогодні кількість осіб, що потребують систематичної фізичної терапії, сягає 23 900 тис. Наростаюча маніфестація моторних і немоторних симптомів при хворобі Паркін-сона, від яких часто вирішальною мірою залежить тяжкість стану пацієнта, негативно впливає на якість його життя. Наявні функціональні порушення, які є самостійними проявами хвороби Паркінсона, вимагають специфічного підходу до комплексного інструментального досліджен-ня цих порушень для визначення диференційно-діагностичних критеріїв та оцінювання впливу фізіотерапевтичного втручання. Мета. Проаналізувати наявні інструменти оцінювання впливу фізичної терапії на осіб з хворобою Паркінсона. Методи. Теоретичний аналіз та узагальнення зарубіжних даних спеціальної науково-методичної літератури з питань застосування інстру-ментів оцінювання при хворобі Паркінсона та їх інформативності і надійності у фізичній терапії. Результати. Представлені дані свідчать, що ефективність запроваджених заходів фізичної терапії при хворобі Паркінсона залежить від правильно підібраних інструментів оцінювання, які дозволяють оцінити моторні і немоторні проблеми через призму життєдіяльності і якості життя пацієнта. Основним інструментом оцінювання для вирішення цього питання вважаєть-ся Уніфікована рейтингова шкала хвороби Паркінсона MDS-UPDRS, яка дозволяє об’єктивно оцінити моторні і немоторні аспекти життя пацієнта і його рухову активність. Оскільки наявні моторні й аксіальні рухові порушення негативно впливають на повсякденну функціональну активність пацієнта, для верифікації цих порушень пропонують використовувати тест для оці-нювання часу підйому і ходьби (Timed Up and Go (TUG)); тест з подвійним завданням (Dual-Task TUG (TUG-DT)) та шкалу рівноваги Берга (Berg Balance Scale (BBS)). Але виходячи з того, що ці тести недостатньо чутливі до невеликих змін у рухливості при хворобі Паркінсона, особливо на середніх і пізніх стадіях захворювання, їх доцільно поєднувати з одним із кількісних тестів для оцінювання ходьби: 10-метровим тестом ходьби (10 Meter Walk Test (10MW)) та 6-хвилинним тестом ходьби (Six Minute Walk Distance (6MWT)). Поняття «життєдіяльність» включає в себе не тільки переміщення, її оцінювання має бути доповнено аналізом ступеня впливу наявних по-рушень на повсякденну діяльність, тобто на якість життя пацієнта. Найбільш інформативними інструментами для проведення цього аналізу є універсальні і специфічні при хворобі Паркінсо-на опитувальники з метою оцінювання стану здоров’я SF-36, EuroQOL (EQ-5D) і PDQ-39 (The Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire). Результати аналізу та узагальнення даних науково-мето-дичної літератури дають підставу встановити, що маніфестація порушень та їх варіабельність при хворобі Паркінсона стають серйозною проблемою у досягненні кінцевого результату за-проваджених заходів фізичної терапії на всіх стадіях захворювання. Використання в комплексі стандартної експертно-реабілітаційної діагностики спеціальних інструментів оцінювання дозволяє об’єктивізувати оцінювання клінічної інформації та стимулює розроблення особисто-орієнтованих реабілітаційних стратегій із застосуванням заходів фізичної терапії, спрямованих на покращення якості життя пацієнтів з хворобою Паркінсона. Ключові слова: хвороба Паркінсона, фізична терапія, якість життя, інструменти оцінювання, достовірність, надійність, валідність.

scholarly journals The functional assessment Berg Balance Scale is better capable of estimating fall risk in the elderly than the posturographic Balance Stability System

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Vieira Pereira ◽  
Roberto Alcantara Maia ◽  
Sonia Maria Cesar de Azevedo Silva
Keyword(s):  
Functional Assessment ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Old People ◽  
Falls Risk ◽  
Functional Balance ◽  
Balance Scale ◽  
Recurrent Falls ◽  
Balance Stability

The purpose of this study was to verify which instrument better identifies recurrent falls in the elderly. Ninety-eight old people, with an average age of 80±4 years, were submitted to an assessment of balance and fall risk by means of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the posturographic Balance Stability System (BSS). The BBS was correlated with the BSS (r=-0.27; p=0.008), age (r=-0.38; p<0.001) and number of falls (r=-0.25; p=0.013) and the analysis of logistical regression showed that the elderly classified with fall risk on the BBS presented 2.5 (95%CI 1.08-5.78) more chance of identifying who had two falls or more over the last year. The BBS identified that the greater the age the worse the functional balance and demonstrated a greater capacity to identify falls risk suffered over the last year when compared with the BSS.

scholarly journals Community Delivery of a Comprehensive Fall-Prevention Program in People with Multiple Sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinda L. Hugos ◽  
Debra Frankel ◽  
Sara A. Tompkins ◽  
Michelle Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Balance Confidence ◽  
Balance Scale ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Confidence Scale

Background: People with multiple sclerosis (MS) fall frequently. In 2011, the National Multiple Sclerosis Society launched a multifactorial fall-prevention group exercise and education program, Free From Falls (FFF), to prevent falls in MS. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of participation in the FFF program on balance, mobility, and falls in people with MS. Methods: This was a retrospective evaluation of assessments from community delivery of FFF. Changes in Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale scores, Berg Balance Scale scores, 8-foot Timed Up and Go performance, and falls were assessed. Results: A total of 134 participants completed the measures at the first and last FFF sessions, and 109 completed a 6-month follow-up assessment. Group mean scores on the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale (F1,66 = 17.14, P &lt; .05, η2 = 0.21), Berg Balance Scale (F1,68 = 23.39, P &lt; .05, η2 = 0.26), and 8-foot Timed Up and Go (F1,79 = 4.83, P &lt; .05, η2 = 0.06) all improved significantly from the first to the last session. At the 6-month follow-up, fewer falls were reported (χ2 [4, N = 239] = 10.56, P &lt; .05, Phi = 0.21). Conclusions: These observational data suggest that the FFF group education and exercise program improves balance confidence, balance performance, and functional mobility and reduces falls in people with MS.

scholarly journals Walking Ability Outcome Measures in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9517
Author(s):  
Isabel Sinovas-Alonso ◽  
Ángel Gil-Agudo ◽  
Roberto Cano-de-la-Cuerda ◽  
Antonio J. del-Ama
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Profile Score

Walking function recovery in spinal cord injury (SCI) is tackled through several therapeutic approaches in which precise evaluation is essential. A systematic review was performed to provide an updated qualitative review of walking ability outcome measures in SCI and to analyze their psychometric properties. PubMed, Cochrane, and PEDro databases were consulted until 1 April 2020. Seventeen articles written in English were included. Five of them studied the walking index for SCI, four studied the 10 meter walk test, and two studied the six-minute walk test, the timed Up and go test, and the Berg balance scale. The rest of the articles studied the following metrics: gait profile score, spinal cord injury functional ambulation profile, five times sit-to-stand test, spinal cord injury functional ambulation inventory, spinal cord independence measure (indoors and outdoors mobility items), locomotor stages in spinal cord injury, community balance and mobility scale, and activity-based balance level evaluation scale. The choice of a single or a set of metrics should be determined by the clinician. Based on the results obtained in this review, a combination of outcome measures is proposed to assess walking ability. Future work is required to integrate a more realistic environment for walking assessment.

Functional electrical stimulation as a promising intervention for polymyositis-related weakness: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Marie Vazquez Morgan ◽  
Suzanne Tinsley ◽  
Rachael Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Balance Confidence ◽  
Minute Walk ◽  
Confidence Scale

Background/aims Polymyositis is an inflammatory myopathy characterised by chronic and progressive muscle weakness. This case report discusses a 61-year-old African-American man with polymyositis. Even though pharmacological and physical therapy interventions had previously been prescribed, they had not been beneficial. This case report examined the effects of a functional electric stimulation-assisted exercise programme. Methods The patient was treated in an outpatient clinic two times a week and performed exercises three times a week on alternating days for 36 weeks. In the clinic, he received functional electrical stimulation-assisted strengthening to quadriceps, hamstrings and gluteus maximus while performing activities such as sit to stand, squats, bridging and cycling. For endurance training, he ambulated on the clinic track with a neuroprosthetic to assist with dorsiflexion in the swing phase of gait. At home, he performed lower extremity and core strengthening exercises. Measures to evaluate the intervention included the Manual Muscle Test, functional mobility (Timed Up and Go Test), balance (Berg Balance Scale, Activities of Balance Confidence Scale), endurance (Six-Minute Walk Test with a modified Borg scale) and gait speed (10-Metre Walk Test). Results After 36 weeks of treatment, the patient had made gains in strength in all muscle groups in his bilateral lower extremities except hip extensors. Timed Up and Go time decreased by 14.01 seconds. The patient changed from a medium fall risk to low fall risk on the Berg Balance Scale and his confidence increased by 46.2% on the Activities of Balance Confidence Scale. Furthermore, he gained endurance as exhibited by his increased distance of 289 feet on the Six-Minute Walk Test and his modified Borg score decreased from 4 out of 10 to 2 out of 10. The patient made subjective and objective gains in gait speed, increasing from 0.18 metres per second at his initial examination to 0.50 metres per second. Conclusions This case study demonstrates that functional electrical stimulation-assisted exercise, conducted in an outpatient setting, can improve strength and functional mobility in an individual with polymyositis without detrimental effects.

scholarly journals Factors associated with functional balance and mobility among elderly diabetic outpatients

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 834-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Cereda Cordeiro ◽  
José Roberto Jardim ◽  
Monica Rodrigues Perracini ◽  
Luiz Roberto Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Functional Balance ◽  
Elderly Outpatients ◽  
Proprioceptive Sensitivity ◽  
Functional Factors

OBJECTIVES: To characterize balance and mobility among diabetic elderly outpatients and to estimate the extent to which functional balance and mobility abnormalities can be influenced by sociodemographic, clinical and other functional factors in a cross-sectional study. METHODS: Ninety-one elderly (65+ years) outpatients were assessed. Mobility was evaluated by the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) and the balance, by the Berg Balance Scale (BS). RESULTS: TUGT mean score was 15.65 ± 5.9 seconds and BS mean score was 49.31 ± 7.3 points. Using linear regression analysis (α < 0.05), significant and independent positive relationships were obtained between TUGT and age, daily activities (ADL/IADL), step strategy, and proprioceptive sensitivity. Factors negatively associated with BS were: ADL/IADL, step strategy, proprioceptive sensitivity, orthostatic hypotension (OH) and conflictive sensory conditions. CONCLUSION: Elderly diabetic outpatients show abnormal balance and mobility related mainly to advanced age, disability, absence of step strategy, absence of proprioceptive sensitivity and presence of OH.

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