Exploring Smart Material Applications for COVID-19 Pandemic Using 4D Printing Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 481-494
Author(s):  
Mohd Javaid ◽  
Abid Haleem
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Smart Material ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
4D Printing ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Additional Element ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Printing Processes

Today, in the medical field, innovative technological advancements support healthcare systems and improve patients’ lives. 4D printing is one of the innovative technologies that creates notable innovations in the medical field. For the COVID-19 pandemic, this technology proves to be useful in the manufacturing of smart medical parts, which helps treat infected patients. As compared to 3D printing, 4D printing adds time as an additional element in the manufactured part. 4D printing uses smart materials with the same printing processes as being used in 3D printing technology, but here the part printed with smart materials change their shape with time or by the change of environmental temperature, which further creates innovation for patient treatments. 4D printing manufactures a given part, layer by layer, by taking input of a virtual (CAD) model and uses smart material. This paper studies the capability of smart materials and their advancements when used in 4D printing. We have diagrammatically presented the significant parts of 4D printing technology. This paper identifies 11 significant applications of 4D printing and then studies which one provides innovative solutions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Importance of 3D Printing Technology in Medical Fields

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Ranjit Barua ◽  
Sudipto Datta ◽  
Amit Roychowdhury ◽  
Pallab Datta
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
Proper Material

Three-dimensional or 3D printing technology is a growing interest in medical fields like tissue engineering, dental, drug delivery, prosthetics, and implants. It is also known as the additive manufacturing (AM) process because the objects are done by extruding or depositing the material layer by layer, and the material may be like biomaterials, plastics, living cells, or powder ceramics. Specially in the medical field, this new technology has importance rewards in contrast with conventional technologies, such as the capability to fabricate patient-explicit difficult components, desire scaffolds for tissue engineering, and proper material consumption. In this chapter, different types of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques are described that are applied in the medical field, especially in community health and precision medicine.

Importance of 3D Printing Technology in Medical Fields

2021 ◽  
pp. 704-717
Author(s):  
Ranjit Barua ◽  
Sudipto Datta ◽  
Amit Roychowdhury ◽  
Pallab Datta
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
Proper Material

Three-dimensional or 3D printing technology is a growing interest in medical fields like tissue engineering, dental, drug delivery, prosthetics, and implants. It is also known as the additive manufacturing (AM) process because the objects are done by extruding or depositing the material layer by layer, and the material may be like biomaterials, plastics, living cells, or powder ceramics. Specially in the medical field, this new technology has importance rewards in contrast with conventional technologies, such as the capability to fabricate patient-explicit difficult components, desire scaffolds for tissue engineering, and proper material consumption. In this chapter, different types of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques are described that are applied in the medical field, especially in community health and precision medicine.

4D printing technology, modern era: A short review

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-111
Author(s):  
Khodadad Mostakim ◽  
Nahid Imtiaz Masuk ◽  
Md. Rakib Hasan ◽  
Md. Shafikul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
4D Printing ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Technologies ◽  
Novel Material

The advancement in 3D printing has led to the rapid growth of 4D printing technology. Adding time, as the fourth dimension, this technology ushered the potential of a massive evolution in fields of biomedical technologies, space applications, deployable structures, manufacturing industries, and so forth. This technology performs ingenious design, using smart materials to create advanced forms of the 3-D printed specimen. Improvements in Computer-aided design, additive manufacturing process, and material science engineering have ultimately favored the growth of 4-D printing innovation and revealed an effective method to gather complex 3-D structures. Contrast to all these developments, novel material is still a challenging sector. However, this short review illustrates the basic of 4D printing, summarizes the stimuli responsive materials properties, which have prominent role in the field of 4D technology. In addition, the practical applications are depicted and the potential prospect of this technology is put forward.

scholarly journals Porous PLAs with Controllable Density by FDM 3D Printing and Chemical Foaming Agent

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 866
Author(s):  
A. R. Damanpack ◽  
André Sousa ◽  
M. Bodaghi
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Material Density ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
Fabrication Parameters

This paper shows how fused decomposition modeling (FDM), as a three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, can engineer lightweight porous foams with controllable density. The tactic is based on the 3D printing of Poly Lactic Acid filaments with a chemical blowing agent, as well as experiments to explore how FDM parameters can control material density. Foam porosity is investigated in terms of fabrication parameters such as printing temperature and flow rate, which affect the size of bubbles produced during the layer-by-layer fabrication process. It is experimentally shown that printing temperature and flow rate have significant effects on the bubbles’ size, micro-scale material connections, stiffness and strength. An analytical equation is introduced to accurately simulate the experimental results on flow rate, density, and mechanical properties in terms of printing temperature. Due to the absence of a similar concept, mathematical model and results in the specialized literature, this paper is likely to advance the state-of-the-art lightweight foams with controllable porosity and density fabricated by FDM 3D printing technology.

scholarly journals Desain dan Pembuatan Prototype Piston Honda MEGAPRO FI Menggunakan 3D Printing

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
Frince Marbun ◽  
Richard A.M. Napitupulu
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Aided Design

3D printing technology has great potential in today's manufacturing world, one of its uses is in making miniatures or prototypes of a product such as a piston. One of the most famous and inexpensive 3D printing (additive manufacturing) technologies is Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), the principle FDM works by thermoplastic extrusion through a hot nozzle at melting temperature then the product is made layer by layer. The two most commonly used materials are ABS and PLA so it is very important to know the accuracy of product dimensions. FDM 3D Printing Technology is able to make duplicate products accurately using PLA material. FDM machines work by printing parts that have been designed by computer-aided design (CAD) and then exported in the form of STL or .stl files and uploaded to the slicer program to govern the printing press according to the design. Using Anet A8 brand 3D printing tools that are available to the public, Slicing of general CAD geometry files such as autocad and solidwork is the basis for making this object. This software is very important to facilitate the design process to be printed. Some examples of software that can be downloaded and used free of charge such as Repetier-Host and Cura. by changing the parameters in the slicer software is very influential in the 3D printing manufacturing process.

scholarly journals ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING - APPLICATION OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE AVIATION INDUSTRY

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-86
Author(s):  
Dipesh Dhital ◽  
Yvonne Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
Subtractive Manufacturing ◽  
Aided Design

Additive Manufacturing also known as 3D Printing is a process whereby a real object of virtually any shape can be created layer by layer from a Computer Aided Design (CAD) model. As opposed to the conventional Subtractive Manufacturing that uses cutting, drilling, milling, welding etc., 3D printing is a free-form fabrication process and does not require any of these processes. The 3D printed parts are lighter, require short lead times, less material and reduce environmental footprint of the manufacturing process; and is thus beneficial to the aerospace industry that pursues improvement in aircraft efficiency, fuel saving and reduction in air pollution. Additionally, 3D printing technology allows for creating geometries that would be impossible to make using moulds and the Subtractive Manufacturing of drilling/milling. 3D printing technology also has the potential to re-localize manufacturing as it allows for the production of products at the particular location, as and when required; and eliminates the need for shipping and warehousing of final products.

3D Printing Technology in Drug Delivery: Recent Progress and Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (42) ◽  
pp. 5039-5048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabna Kotta ◽  
Anroop Nair ◽  
Nimer Alsabeelah
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Drug Dosing ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printed

Background: 3D printing technology is a new chapter in pharmaceutical manufacturing and has gained vast interest in the recent past as it offers significant advantages over traditional pharmaceutical processes. Advances in technologies can lead to the design of suitable 3D printing device capable of producing formulations with intended drug release. Methods: This review summarizes the applications of 3D printing technology in various drug delivery systems. The applications are well arranged in different sections like uses in personalized drug dosing, complex drugrelease profiles, personalized topical treatment devices, novel dosage forms and drug delivery devices and 3D printed polypills. Results: This niche technology seems to be a transformative tool with more flexibility in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Typically, 3D printing is a layer-by-layer process having the ability to fabricate 3D formulations by depositing the product components by digital control. This additive manufacturing process can provide tailored and individualized dosing for treatment of patients different backgrounds with varied customs and metabolism pattern. In addition, this printing technology has the capacity for dispensing low volumes with accuracy along with accurate spatial control for customized drug delivery. After the FDA approval of first 3D printed tablet Spritam, the 3D printing technology is extensively explored in the arena of drug delivery. Conclusion: There is enormous scope for this promising technology in designing various delivery systems and provides customized patient-compatible formulations with polypills. The future of this technology will rely on its prospective to provide 3D printing systems capable of manufacturing personalized doses. In nutshell, the 3D approach is likely to revolutionize drug delivery systems to a new level, though need time to evolve.

3D printing of smart materials: A review on recent progresses in 4D printing

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Xun Khoo ◽  
Joanne Ee Mei Teoh ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Chee Kai Chua ◽  
Shoufeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
4D Printing

scholarly journals Attempts to Diminish the Drawbacks of Polylactic Acid Designed for 3D/4D Printing Technology-Fused Deposition Modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-153
Author(s):  
Doina Dimonie ◽  
Nicoleta Dragomir ◽  
Rusandica Stoica
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
New Materials ◽  
4D Printing ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
New Material ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Laboratory Line

In order to improve thermal behavior and dimensional strability of polylactic acid (PLA) designed both for 3D and 4D printing technology-fused deposition modeling (FDM) using a scalable procedure, the polymer was melt compounded with additives which control the morphology by crystallization and/or reinforcing. Using the formulations which provide polylactic acid (PLA) improved thermo-mechanical properties and desired dimensional stability, the new materials were shaped, on a laboratory line, as filaments for printing technology. The selected compounds were than scaled up on a 50 kg/h compounding line into granules which prove to have good shapability as filaments for printing technology (1.85 +/- 0.05 mm diameter, required ovality, good appearance and smooth surface) and performed properly at 3D printing. The obtained results proved that functional properties of PLA can be improved by various methods so that, depending on the reached performances, the new material can be converted through printing technology into items for performance applications. The novelty of the article is related to the fact that it identifies a modifying solution for controlling the morphology of a type of PLA designed for 3D printing that already has an advanced crystallinity.

scholarly journals 4D Printing: The Dawn of “Smart” Drug Delivery Systems and Biomedical Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5-S) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Ahmar Khan ◽  
Mir Javid Iqbal ◽  
Saima Amin ◽  
Humaira Bilal ◽  
, Bilquees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
4D Printing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Smart Drug ◽  
Smart Drug Delivery

With the approval of first 3D printed drug “spritam” by USFDA, 3D printing is gaining acceptance in healthcare, engineering and other aspects of life. Taking 3D printing towards the next step gives birth to what is referred to as “4D printing”. The full credit behind the unveiling of 4D printing technology in front of the world goes to Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), who revealed “time” in this technology as the fourth dimension.  4D printing is a renovation of 3D printing wherein special materials (referred to as smart materials) are incorporated which change their morphology post printing in response to a stimulus. Depending upon the applicability of this technology, there may be a variety of stimuli, most common among them being pH, water, heat, wind and other forms of energy.  The upper hand of 4D printing over 3D printing is that 3D printed structures are generally immobile, rigid and inanimate whereas 4D printed structures are flexible, mobile and able to interact with the surrounding environment based on the stimulus. This capability of 4D printing to transform 3D structures into smart structures in response to various stimuli promises a great potential for biomedical and bioengineering applications. The potential of 4D printing in developing pre-programmed biomaterials that can undergo transformations lays new foundations for enabling smart pharmacology, personalized medicine, and smart drug delivery, all of which can help in combating diseases in a smarter way. Hence, the theme of this paper is about the potential of 4D printing in creating smart drug delivery, smart pharmacology, targeted drug delivery and better patient compliance. The paper highlights the recent advancements of 4D printing in healthcare sector and ways by which 4D printing is doing wonders in creating smart drug delivery and tailored medicine. The major constraints in the approach have also been highlighted. Keywords: 4D printing, smart, drug delivery system, patient compliance, biomaterials, tailored medicine

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