HF-QSRAM: Half-Select Free Quaternary SRAM Design with Required Peripheral Circuits for IoT/IoVT Applications

By using CNFET technology in 3a 2 nm node using a proposed SQI gate, two split bit-lines QSRAM architectures have been suggested to address the issue of increasing demand for storage capacity in IoT/IoVT applications. Peripheral circuits such as a novel quaternary to binary decoder for QSRAM have been offered. Various simulations on temperature, supply voltage, and access frequency have been done to evaluate and ensure the performance of the proposed SQI gate, suggested cells, and quaternary to binary decoder. Moreover, 1000 Monte-Carlo analyses on the fabrication parameters have been done to classify read and write delay and standby power of proposed cells along with PDP of proposed quaternary to binary decoder. It is worth mentioning that the PDP of the proposed SQI gate, decoder, and average power consumption of suggested HF-QSRAM cell reached 0.92 aJ, 4.13 aJ, and 0.15 µW, respectively, which are approximately 80%, 91%, and 33% improvements in comparison with the best existing designs in the literature.

Morphology and Performance Characterizations of 316 Stainless Steel Additively Fabricated by Laser Thermal-Joule Heating Composite Process

The Laser Thermal-Joule Heating Composite Process was studied by orthogonal tests based on an analysis of fabrication parameters such as the laser power, wire feeding speed, and electric current. Temperature profiles and the geometric morphology of deposited layers under different process parameters were analyzed, and the overlaps between the layers and the substrate were observed. Results show that when the temperature at the bottom layer of the additive manufacturing is higher than the melting point of the substrate, and the highest temperature at the top layer does not exceed the over-firing temperature, good morphology and close bonding with the substrate can be obtained. Finally, appropriate process parameters were identified and verified to print multiple layers continuously.

Taguchi Grey Relational Optimization of the Multi-mechanical Characteristics of Kaolin Reinforced Hydroxyapatite: Effect of Fabrication Parameters

Comparative study of kaolin reinforced hydroxyapatite (KHAp) and pure HAp using different production parameters has been done through traditional experimentation. However, the quantitative effect, optimization of kaolin reinforcement and fabrication parameters have not been investigated. Hence, this study examines the effect of kaolin reinforcement, compaction pressure and sintering temperature on the experimental mechanical properties of HAp. Taguchi design assisted by grey relational analysis was employed with L36 (2**2 3**1) orthogonal array. The Minitab 16 software was used to analyze the Taguchi design. The result showed a disparity in kaolin reinforcement as the optimum condition for individual mechanical properties, but the grey relational analysis showed better mechanical properties with kaolin reinforcement, 500 Pa compaction pressure and 1100 oC sintering temperature. The obtained result further revealed kaolin reinforcement as a strong and promising reinforcing material for high strength clinical application, having a contribution of 93.16% on compressive strength of HAp. Therefore, future studies can be conducted in the use of different wt% of kaolin on the multi-response mechanical characteristics of HAp.

Alginate NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles Cryogel for Electrochemical Glucose Biosensor Development

Glucose biosensors based on porous material of alginate cryogel has been developed, and the cryogel provides a large surface area for enzyme immobilization. The alginate cryogel has been supplemented with NiFe2O4 nanoparticles to improve the electron transfer for electrochemical detection. The fabrication parameters and operational conditions for the biosensor have also been optimized. The results showed that the optimum addition of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles to the alginate solution was 0.03 g/mL. The optimum operational conditions for the electrochemical detection were a cyclic voltammetry scan rate of 0.11 V/s, buffer pH of 7.0, and buffer concentration of 150 mM. The fabricated alginate NiFe2O4 nanoparticles cryogel-based glucose biosensor showed a linear response for glucose determination with a regression line of y = 18.18x + 455.28 and R² = 0.98. Furthermore, the calculated detection limit was 0.32 mM and the limit of quantification was 1.06 mM.

An Introduction on the Laser Cladding Coatings on Magnesium Alloys

Magnesium alloys are a promising structural material to be used as a substitute for metals traditionally used in the automotive and aircraft sector. However, magnesium alloys have poor mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. These handicaps can be overcome through the application of coatings with improved properties. Laser cladding is a potential coating fabrication process. Furthermore, the low vaporization temperature of magnesium and the coating-substrate dilution problems increase the difficulty to coat magnesium substrates. The aim of this research is to analyze the state of art in magnesium laser cladding and investigate the effect of the most important fabrication parameters on the interaction of the different coating-substrate systems used on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. In addition, this work provides a guidance on laser cladding best practices for these alloys. Knowledge of how the different coating manufacturing parameters affect the final surface properties of magnesium alloys is essential for the implantation of these materials in applications for which they are currently limited.

Significance of fabrication parameters over the mechanical and metallurgical properties of AMMC joint formed by microwave hybrid heating

Purpose The purpose of the study is to fabricate a joint between two aluminium metal matrix composites using microwave hybrid heating (MHH). Design/methodology/approach Taguchi design of experiments was applied to conduct the experimental study. The mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength, micro-hardness and porosity were studied. Grey Relational Analysis was applied to understand the significance of fabrication parameters of best performing sample. The dominant factor of fabrication was analysed using ANOVA. The best performance sample was further characterised using X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Energy dispersive X-ray was used to analyse the elemental composition of the sample. Findings The Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite (AMMC) joint was successfully fabricated using MHH. The mechanical properties were mainly influenced by the fabrication factor of exposure time. Originality/value The formation of AMMC joint using MHH might explore the way for the industries in the field of joining.

Auxetic Polymer Foams: Production, Modeling and Applications

: Auxetic materials have high potential due to their exceptional properties resulting from their negative Poisson ratio. Recently, several auxetic polymer-based materials have been developed. In fact, several applications are looking for a lightweight (less material consumed in production and transport) while having high mechanical performances (impact absorption, rigidity, strength, resistance, etc.). So, a balance between density and toughness/strength is of high importance, especially for military, sporting, and transport applications. So auxetic materials (especially foams) can provide high impact protection while limiting the material’s weight. This article presents a review of recent advances with a focus on auxetic polymers, with particular emphasis on the auxetic polymer foams in terms of their fabrication methods and processing conditions (depending on the nature of the cellular structure), the effect of the fabrication parameters on their final properties, as well as their models and potential applications.

Heat Carbonization and ZnCl2 Functionalization of Date Stone as an Adsorbent: Optimization of Material Fabrication Parameters and Adsorption Studies

The scientific community gave a lot attention to prepare adsorbents from different natural agriculture-based materials to be used alternative to commercial activated carbon. However, less studies on the optimization of fabrication parameters to obtain activated carbon with highly surface area and adsorption capacity. Herein, we report the synthesis conditions optimization of adsorbent based on date stone and modified with ZnCl2. To obtain a highly adsorption ability of the materials, three systematic parameters were evaluated such as the activation temperature, activation time and the functionalization ratio by ZnCl2. The optimization study showed that the best factors to fabricate an adsorbent from date stone are 700°C, 120 min and 2.0 (g/g), wherein, the specific surface area was found to be 1036 m2/g. While, the iodine and phenol numbers were 928.5 mg/g and 2.1 mmol/g, respectively. To further understand the effect of synthesis parameters, the raw and the as-synthesized activated carbon were characterized via Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Batch sorption tests to remove MB from water showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 384.6 mg/g using the prepared activated carbon at pH 6 and room temperature (25±2 °C). It was found also that the kinetic adsorption data obeyed the pseudo-second order and, both external diffusion and intra-particle diffusion control the adsorption. Based on the obtained results, the optimization of synthesis conditions through experimental and mobilization studies may help the transfer of technology in terms of agriculture-based materials valorisation towards the environmental remediation.