Palaeogene and Neogene

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Murray
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Thermal Relaxation ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Seismic Profiles ◽  
The North ◽  
Rockall Trough ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Sea

AbstractMost of the British Isles has been a land area throughout the Tertiary and the basic shape of the coastline had been determined by the late Palaeocene. Only in southeast England are there marine Palaeogene and Neogene successions and these were deposited in embayments marginal to the North Sea and English Channel.Much of the key information for the interpretation of the Tertiary history of the British Isles lies offshore. Thousands of kilometres of seismic profiles have been run and hundreds of boreholes drilled, mainly in the search for oil. The only part of the Tertiary which has been of economic interest is the Palaeocene of the northern North Sea. Summaries of the offshore data are given in Woodland (1975) and Illing & Hobson (1981).Thick Tertiary successions are known from the central Graben of the North Sea, the Rockall Trough and the Faeroe Basin (Map Pg 1). The North Sea was the site of great subsidence caused by thermal relaxation following stretching of the continental crust (Sclater & Christie 1980). None of the Tertiary sediments was deposited in very deep water. By contrast, the Rockall Trough and the Faeroe Basin are underlain by oceanic crust and deep water has existed there throughout the Tertiary. The successions are known only from seismic studies (Roberts 1975) but are thought to be mainly fine-grained and with some contourites.On a regional scale, the Tertiary history of northwest Europe must be considered in relation to the plate tectonic events proceeding in the adjacent ocean.

A Case History of Casing Directional Drilling in the Norwegian Sector of the North Sea

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arthur Bourassa ◽  
Tove Husby ◽  
Rick Deuane Watts ◽  
Dale Oveson ◽  
Tommy M. Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Case History ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Sea

Unusual Facies and Geometries of the Paleogene Deep-Water Systems in the North Sea - Effects of Sand Remobilisation

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Duranti ◽  
M. Huuse ◽  
J.A. Cartwright ◽  
A. Hurst ◽  
B. Cronin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

The history and future of the North Sea benthos

1978 ◽  
Vol 76 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 193-200
Author(s):  
P. E. P. Norton
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Bottom Type ◽  
The North ◽  
Late Tertiary ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Temperature Depth

SynopsisThis is a brief review intended to supply bases for prediction of future changes in the North Sea Benthos. It surveys long-term changes which are affecting the benthos. Any prediction must take into account change in temperature, depth, bottom type, tidal patterns, current patterns and zoogeography of the sea and the history of these is briefly touched on from late Tertiary times up to the present. From a prediction of changes in the benthos, certain information concerning the pelagic and planktonic biota could also be derived.

Clay mineral distribution and provenance in Mesozoic and Tertiary mudrocks of the Moray Firth and northern North Sea

Clay Minerals ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Volcanic Material ◽  
The North ◽  
Moray Firth ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Northern North Sea ◽  
And Control

AbstractClay mineral abundances in Mesozoic and Tertiary argillaceous strata from 15 exploration wells in the Inner and Outer Moray Firth, Viking Graben and East Shetland Basins of the northern North Sea have been determined in <0·2 µm fractions of cuttings samples. The clay assemblages of more deeply-buried samples cannot be unambiguously related to sedimentary input because of the diagenetic overprint which may account for much of the chlorite and related interstratified minerals. Other sediments, discussed on a regional basis and related to the geological history of the basins, are interpreted in terms of clay mineral provenance and control by climate, tectonic and volcanic activity. The distribution of illite-smectite can often be related to volcanic activity both in the Forties area during the M. Jurassic, and on the NE Atlantic continental margin during the U. Cretaceous-Early Tertiary which affected the North Sea more widely and left a prominent record in the Viking Graben and East Shetland Basin. Kaolinite associated with lignite-bearing sediments in the Outer Moray Firth Basin was probably derived by alteration of volcanic material in lagoonal or deltaic environments. Some U. Jurassic and L. Cretaceous sediments of the Inner Moray Basin are rich in illite-smectite, the origin of which is not clear.

scholarly journals Coastal archaeologies: settlement on the changing North Sea littoral

Antiquity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (358) ◽  
pp. 1095-1097
Author(s):  
Hans Peeters
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
North Sea ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Prehistoric Archaeology ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Many ◽  
Rising Sea Level

Over the past decade or so, the submerged prehistoric archaeology and landscapes in the area that is known to us today as the North Sea have received increasing attention from both archaeologists and earth scientists. For too long, this body of water was perceived as a socio-cultural obstacle between the prehistoric Continent and the British Isles, the rising sea level a threat to coastal settlers, and the North Sea floor itself an inaccessible submerged landscape. Notwithstanding the many pertinent and pervasive problems that the archaeology of the North Sea still needs to overcome, recent research has made clear that these rather uninspiring beliefs are misplaced.

Clay mineralogy of the Tertiary onshore and offshore strata of the British Isles

Clay Minerals ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Huggett ◽  
R. W. O'B. Knox
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Clay Mineralogy ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
The North ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Clay Formation

AbstractTertiary sediments are of restricted occurrence in the onshore British Isles but occur extensively offshore, attaining thicknesses of ~4 km in the Faroe—Shetland Basin and ~3 km in the North Sea Basin. Clay mineral stratigraphic studies of the North Sea Paleocene to Lower Miocene successions show a dominance of smectite (and smectite-rich illite-smectite) with minor illite, kaolin and chlorite. Abundant smectite in the Paleocene and Eocene reflects alteration of volcanic ash derived from pyroclastic activity associated with the opening of the North Atlantic between Greenland and Europe. However, the persistence of high smectite into the Oligocene and Middle Miocene indicates that smectite-rich soils on adjacent land areas may also have been an important source of detrital clays. An upwards change to illite-dominated assemblages in the Middle Miocene reflects higher rates of erosion and detrital clay supply, with a subsequent increase in chlorite reflecting climatic cooling. The persistence of smectite-rich assemblages to depths of >3000 m in the offshore indicates little burial-related diagenesis within the mudstone succession, possibly as a consequence of over-pressuring. Despite the importance of Paleocene and Eocene sandstones as hydrocarbon reservoirs in the North Sea and Faroe-Shetland basins, there are few published details of the authigenic clays. The principal clay cements in these sandstones are kaolin and chlorite, with only minor illite reported.The offshore successions provide a valuable background to the interpretation of the more intensively studied, but stratigraphically less complete, onshore Tertiary successions. The most extensive onshore successions occur in the London and Hampshire basins where sediments of Paleocene to earliest Oligocene age are preserved. Here clay assemblages are dominated by illite and smectite with subordinate kaolin and chlorite. The relatively large smectite content of these successions is also attributed primarily to the alteration of volcanic ash. Associated non-smectitic clays are largely detrital in origin and sourced from areas to the west, with reworking of laterites and “china clay” deposits developed over Cornish granites. Authigenic clays include glauconite (sensu lato), early diagenetic kaolin that has replaced muscovite (principally in the London Clay Formation of the London Basin) and smectite that has replaced ash. Pedogenesis has extensively modified the assemblages in the Reading Formation and Solent Group. Tertiary sediments are largely missing from onshore northern and western Britain, but clays and sands of Eocene and Oligocene age are locally preserved in small fault-bounded basins. Here, clay assemblages are dominated by kaolin with minor illite.

Case history of a six‐streamer seismic survey in the North Sea

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Hampson ◽  
Terje Hansen ◽  
H. Jakubowicz ◽  
John V. Kingston
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Case History ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Sea

scholarly journals OSPAR Ecological Quality Objectives: the utility of health indicators for the North Sea

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1392-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Heslenfeld ◽  
E. Lisette Enserink
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Ecological Quality ◽  
Marine Research ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Sea

Abstract Heslenfeld, P., and Enserink, E. L. 2008. OSPAR Ecological Quality Objectives: the utility of health indicators for the North Sea. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1392–1397. Committed to the ecosystem approach to management, OSPAR has accumulated 15 years of experience in developing a conceptual framework for ecological indicators and objectives, and in applying the framework to the North Sea as a test case. These Ecological Quality Objectives (EcoQOs) have become a model for the implementation of the new European Marine Strategy Framework Directive. We describe the history of EcoQO development, its current status, and future needs. We also present our positive and negative experiences in developing the approach, and conclude that regional sea conventions and marine research institutes in Europe should join forces to accelerate the development of ecosystem indicators and objectives, using existing concepts.

Connect and Divide

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-219
Author(s):  
Eike-Christian Heine
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Military Strategy ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
The North ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Kiel Canal

The Kiel Canal (built between 1886 and 1895) connects the North Sea and the Baltic for seagoing vessels, yet, being 100 km long, about 10 m deep and 100 m wide, it also divides a landscape. This finding is the starting point for analysing the effects of infrastructure that facilitates communication and exchange but also produces obstructions and rivalries. This article explores the ambiguous effects this piece of infrastructure had on politics, technology, labour, trade and military strategy. The ‘deep ditch’ also had severe environmental consequences that were palpable until well into the twentieth century. By considering both the ‘positive’ and the ‘negative’ of the waterway, the narrative of ‘connect-and-divide’ avoids the still-too-often told affirmative story of transport infrastructure. Instead, it and opens the outlook to a multi-faceted history of transport infrastructures.

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