Landslide costs on the national road network of Laos

2021 ◽  
pp. qjegh2021-023
Author(s):  
G.J. Hearn ◽  
M.S.P. Kerridge ◽  
P. Pongpanya
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Priority List ◽  
The Road ◽  
Engineering Costs ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Low Traffic

Compared to most other countries in south and southeast Asia, Laos has a low road network density and low traffic volumes. Much of the road network is located in mountainous terrain where landslides cause regular engineering damage and blockage to traffic. The wet season of 2018 was particularly severe, and triggered many landslides that blocked roads for hours, and days in some cases. The cost of clearing these landslides amounted to an average of almost US$ 5,000 per km. Because of the relatively low traffic volumes that use the mountain road network, traffic costs due to road blockage delays were generally significantly lower per kilometre than engineering costs. Nevertheless, economic analysis demonstrates that investments in landslide stabilisation measures amounting to an average of US$ 50,000 for landslides above the road and US$ 120,000 for those below the road are economically justified if, without these measures, long and frequent delays would ensue. In certain cases, investments much higher than these can be justified. A priority list for landslide stabilisation is developed and outline cost estimates are prepared. Recommendations are made for enhanced landslide management and roadside slope improvement, and a comparison is made between the situation in Laos with that in Vietnam, Bhutan, Nepal and the Philippines. It is concluded that the imperative for investment is even greater in these countries, and especially in Nepal and the Philippines on account of the higher incidence of landslide hazards and greater volumes of road traffic.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN JARINGAN JALAN NASIONAL DI SULAWESI UTARA DAN GORONTALO

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Triono Junoasmono ◽  
Hansen Samuel Arberto Gultom ◽  
Brian Sixon Christian Umboh ◽  
Anastasia Caroline Sutandi
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Traffic Modeling ◽  
The Road ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Road Development ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
National Road

Abstract The development of the road network is needed to determine the extent of the road network of a city or region that requires handling and development, both in the long term, medium term and short term. The purpose of this study is to obtain a master plan for the development of the national road network in North Sulawesi and Gorontalo Provinces, as a basis for planning the development of the road network for the next 5 years. The data used are primary and secondary data. Based on the results of traffic modeling, the majority of national roads in North Sulawesi Province and in Gorontalo Province have relatively small traffic volumes. The projection results, from 2020 to 2025, show that there are 7 roads that require handling and capacity improvement. Keywords: road network, national road, traffic modeling, road capacity, road development  Abstrak Pengembangan jaringan jalan diperlukan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana jaringan jalan suatu kota atau wilayah memerlukan penanganan maupun pengembangan, baik untuk jangka panjang, jangka menengah, maupun jangka pendek. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan suatu rencana induk pengembangan jaringan jalan nasional di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara dan di Provinsi Gorontalo, sebagai basis perencanaan pengembangan jaringan jalan hingga 5 tahun yang akan datang. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Berdasarkan hasil pemodelan lalu lintas, mayoritas jalan nasional di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara dan di Provinsi Gorontalo memiliki volume lalu lintas yang relatif kecil. Hasil proyeksi dari tahun 2020 sampai dengan tahun 2025, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 7 ruas jalan yang memerlukan penanganan dan peningkatan kapasitas. Kata-kata kunci: jaringan jalan, jalan nasional, pemodelan lalu lintas, kapasitas jalan, pengembangan jalan

scholarly journals TRAFFIC FORECASTING ON THE CITY ROAD NETWORK TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE CAPACITY LIMIT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Denys Zhezherun
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Intensity ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Forecasting ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
On The Road

The purpose of the paper is to present a model of traffic forecasting on the road section based on a model of the transport system. Traffic forecasting is an integral part of the road design process, from investment to the feasibility study of working documentation. The definition of transportation and distribution of cars by sections is based on a set of interrelated factors. Full and reasonable consideration of these factors for complex road networks is possible only with the help of mathematical models and appropriate programs. The accuracy and consistency of the forecast determine the reliability of almost all the main characteristics of the projected object, from the direction of the route and the location of connection points with existing elements of the road network, ending with specific planning decisions for the road objects. Subject of research: a road traffic and a traffic intensity. Knowledge of forecast data on traffic intensity makes it possible to predict the possible mechanisms to solve the above problems. Methodology: analysis and research of methods used to predict traffic volumes. The method of extrapolation and the method of using approximating functions. Goal. The aim of the work is to compare the forecasting methods used to determine traffic on the road. It is also necessary to show the experience of traffic forecasting on the road network from a European country. Conclusion. All methods for predicting the volume and intensity of movement are short-lived, and if some achieve the desired predicted result, it is very vague and needs to be tested with complex and expensive research to determine and process the initial data. To achieve the desired results, it is necessary to apply new methods of forecasting modeling or improvement of already known ones, which would take into account the evolution of the entire transport system and its components. Determining the capacity of highways is necessary perform to identify areas with possible congestion, assessment economy and conditions of movement of vehicles, and also for a choice of methods and means to improve the traffic conditions of all road users.

scholarly journals Applications of Surveying and Geoinformatics for Planning New Routes to Solve Traffic Congestion in part of Minna Metropolis (Kpakungu, a case study)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
I. C. Onuigbo ◽  
T. Adewuyi ◽  
J. O. Odumosu ◽  
G. A. Oluibukun
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
The Road ◽  
National Examination ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
On The Road

The volume of traffic generated by land-use pattern varies during different periods of the day but there is usually a predictable pattern of such traffic volumes. Most often, the structure of urban land-use fails to provide easy and convenient traffic movement, which in the case of the study area is usually that of vehicles and pedestrian traffic. The fact is that Minna is presently experiencing rapid urban growth. Both the authorities and citizens seem to simply ignore this and its impact on human existence. The research is based on Road Traffic Network Analysis in Minna, to develop a road network map and determine the causes of Traffic Congestion in Kpakungu specifically. Quickbird satellite imagery was used in analyzing and mapping out the existing road network within the study area. Field survey aspects involving measuring of roads, traffic count, coordinates captured were also undertaken. It was discovered that the causes of the traffic pressure in the study area was as a result of the relocation of Federal University of Technology, Minna to its permanent site in Gidan Kwanu and the relocation of National Examination Council(NECO) Headquarter. Majority of the traffic pressure in the area were as a result of vehicles coming from Maikunkele, Bosso, Maitumbi, Minna central, Dutsen Kura, Chanchaga, Tunga, Sahuka-kahuta and BarikinSale going to Bida, Gidan-Kwanu or NECO office. It was concluded that alternative roads should be provided for vehicle diversion to limit the congestion of traffic on the road.

Visualisation and Detection of Road Traffic Events Using Complex Event Processing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Figueiras ◽  
Hugo Antunes ◽  
Guilherme Guerreiro ◽  
Ruben Costa ◽  
Ricardo Jardim-Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Complex Event Processing ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Event Processing ◽  
Time Data ◽  
The Road

In the recent decades, we have witnessed an increase in the number of vehicles using the road infrastructure, resulting in an increased overload of the road network. To mitigate such problems, caused by the increasing number of vehicles and increasing the efficiency and safety of transport systems has been integrated applications of advanced technology, denominated Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). However, one problem still unsolved in current road networks is the automatic identification of road events such as accidents or traffic jams, being inhibitor to efficient road management. In order to mitigate this problematic, this paper proposes the development of a technological platform able to detect anomalies (abnormal traffic events) to typical road network status and categorize such anomalies. The proposed work, adopts a complex event processing (CEP) engine able to monitor streams of events and detect specified patterns of events in real time. Data is collectively collected and analysed in real-time from loop sensors deployed in Slovenian highways and national roads, providing traffic flows. This prototype will work with a large number of data, being used to process all data, complex event processing tools. All the data used to validate the present study is based on the Slovenian road network. This work has been carried out in the context of the OPTIMUM Project, funded by the H2020 European Research Framework Program.

Experiment with Reduced Salting of Rural Main Roads in Finland

1996 ◽  
Vol 1533 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Veli-Pekka Kallberg
Keyword(s):  
Road Surface ◽  
Winter Maintenance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Chloride Concentrations

An experiment was conducted in the road district of Kuopio in the winters of 1992–1993 and 1993–1994 in which the use of salt in winter maintenance on rural main roads was reduced to 1 to 2 T/road kilometer from the approximately 10 T of salt that typically had been used per road kilometer in similar conditions in recent years. On the experimental roads, salting was replaced by sanding. The cost of winter maintenance on the experimental roads increased by 20 percent on average, and the increase was higher on roads with higher traffic volumes. Slippery conditions due to ice and snow on the road surface were twice as frequent (30 to 40 percent of the time) on the experimental roads as on the control roads in the neighboring road district. There were 27 injury accidents on the experimental roads in the first winter and 25 in the second. This was about the same as the average of the five previous winters. Because the accident trend on other roads in the same time was decreasing, it was concluded that the experiment increased the number of injury accidents by approximately 20 percent on most experimental road sections. Reduced salting decreased the sodium and chloride concentrations in the needles of roadside pine trees. There were also indications of decreased sodium and chloride concentrations in groundwater. Three quarters of the population in the area was pleased with the experiment.

scholarly journals Specifics of road safety inspection in tunnels

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Emir Smailovic ◽  
Boris Antić ◽  
Dalibor Pešić ◽  
Slaviš Beronja
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Road Tunnels

Tunnels are underground passages, placed horizontally, which serve to lead the road through them. In order to fulfill its purpose in road traffic, the tunnel must fit into the traffic infrastructure and as such not create an obstacle in movement and enable the movement of vehicles from entrance to exit without danger, but with increased restriction of freedom of lateral evacuation. Tunnels are among some of the most risky parts of the road network, primarily due to space constraints, where there is a possibility of a traffic accident. Managing the risks associated with the passage of road traffic, and in particular the safety of traffic in tunnels, is a serious problem in many countries. With the growing number of road users, it is necessary to adopt stricter standards regarding road tunnels. In addition to meeting these safety standards, factors such as operational requirements, economic efficiency, energy efficiency and state-of-the-art technology should also be taken into account when planning and equipping tunnels.

scholarly journals Improving the level of road traffic service in large and medium-sized cities of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
A. I. Solodkiy ◽  
◽  
N. V. Chernikh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
The Road ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
On The Road

The paper considers the problem of improving the level of road traffic services. The level of service for various categories of city streets in practice does not correspond to the values given in normative legal documents. Therefore, the task of increasing the level of service to the indicated values on the road network is urgent. Herewith, it is important to specify the object of improvement, namely, the basic street-road network, through which the bulk of the transportation correspondence is implemented, since it is there that the greatest loss of the user time occurs. An effective tool in this work is the development of a set of measures using simulation modeling aimed at improving the level of traffic services on the street-road network.

scholarly journals Analysis of the costs of construction and maintenance of rigid and flexible pavements

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (11) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Antoni Szydło ◽  
Piotr Mackiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Price Level ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Cost Assessment ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Subject ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Cost

The costs of construction and the future maintenance of expressways and motorways have a significant impact on the choice of technologies for their construction. The subject of the article is the analysis of the costs of construction and maintenance of rigid (concrete) and flexible (asphalt mixtures) pavements in Poland. The construction technologies and maintenance scenarios in service were analysed for selected pavement constructions of rigid and flexible motorways and expressways. The costs of construction and maintenance of these pavements in national conditions were determined. The fourth quarter of 2015 was adopted as the initial price level. On the basis of the analysis of the costs of construction and maintenance of the analysed structures, the advantage of rigid constructions made of cement concrete was demonstrated, especially in the aspect of the surface maintenance. The cost assessment was carried out for 30 years of exploitation. The concrete pavements on the road network in Poland have been used for over 20 years. They are present both on low-class roads and on the highest-class roads, i.e. motorways and expressways.

scholarly journals Considerations on the Bearing Capacity of Existing Prestressed Concrete Bridges

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-161
Author(s):  
Andrei-Mihai Pogány
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
Initial Condition ◽  
Prestressed Concrete Bridges ◽  
The Road ◽  
Stable Conditions

AbstractMilitary actions generally unfold rapidly in different operational environments for which the commanding officer has assess the bearing capacity of the prestressed concrete bridges existing in the country’s road network. The bearing capacity is the maximum weight of the predetermined constitution convoy, which may safely circulate on the bridge, in stable conditions, considering the physical condition of the bridge. The paper shows that the bearing capacity will be assessed only through a technical analysis performed by an authorized expert together with a military engineer specialized in genius. This experts report will compare the initial condition of the bridge to the present one. The initial condition is based on the research of the execution design; the year of elaboration; the standard loadings at the moment; proprieties of the used building materials; execution modality, possible alterations occurring during execution as to the initial project. These data, together with the road traffic census, can be obtained from the company administrating the road network where the bridge is located. The current state to be assessed through analysis, calculation and static loading tests, showing if the capacity of the bridge can to support the increase of traffic military vehicle loading and reduction of the bearing capacity due to fatigue phenomena in the reinforcement. The paper proposes that authorities draw up and approve a standard concerning the verification periodicity of the bearing capacity in the existing prestressed concrete bridges.

scholarly journals Technical, economic and social aspects when choosing an effective solution for improving traffic in cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Pugachev ◽  
Aleksey Kamenchukov ◽  
Valentin Shcheglov ◽  
Nina Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Intelligent Transport Systems ◽  
High Quality ◽  
National Project ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
The Road

The national project “Safe and high-quality roads” is aimed at the development, creation and effective use of intelligent transport systems. Today, there are many technical solutions to improve road safety, as well as optimize the process of organizing traffic. Often, these solutions lie not only in the plane of design, in the use of technical means for organizing traffic, in reconstruction of the existing street-road network, but also in the use of intelligent transport systems. The article has developed a concept for the development of a road-road network in Khabarovsk, in connection with the adoption by the Government of the Khabarovsk Territory of a decision on the construction of a transport interchange at the intersection of Voronezh-Bolshaya Streets in Khabarovsk, as part of the national project “Safe and High-Quality Roads” in the Khabarovsk Territory. The collection and analysis of statistical data, over a five-year period, on the types of frequency of occurrence of reported road traffic accidents. Visual and grapho-analytical methods identified the focus of the concentration of traffic accidents at the considered site of the road network of the city of Khabarovsk. Based on the method of conflict points, factors that influence the accident rate of an existing section of the road are studied. Several options for improving the quality and safety of traffic are considered: changing the number of lanes, regulating the traffic light, building a multi-level traffic intersection. Using modern software systems, based on methods of mathematical modeling, for several options developed models of traffic flows, identified the maximum possible comfortable and safe traffic conditions. Substantiated recommendations are given for improving the quality and safety of road traffic by improving the existing road situation.

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