Human and Organizational Factors in Public Key Certificate Authority Failures

A cloud-based public key infrastructure (PKI) utilizing blockchain technology is proposed. Big data ecosystems have scalable and resilient needs that current PKI cannot satisfy. Enhancements include using blockchains to establish persistent access to certificate data and certificate revocation lists, decoupling of data from certificate authority, and hosting it on a cloud provider to tap into its traffic security measures. Instead of holding data within the transaction data fields, certificate data and status were embedded into smart contracts. The tests revealed a significant performance increase over that of both traditional and the version that stored data within blocks. The proposed method reduced the mining data size, and lowered the mining time to 6.6% of the time used for the block data storage method. Also, the mining gas cost per certificate was consequently cut by 87%. In summary, completely decoupling the certificate authority portion of a PKI and storing certificate data inside smart contracts yields a sizable performance boost while decreasing the attack surface.

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Effects of Human Factors in Process Safety

10.4018/978-1-6684-2405-6.ch074 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 1477-1507

Author(s):

Gargi Bhattacharjee ◽

Sudip Kumar Das

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Human Error ◽

Organizational Factors ◽

Near Miss ◽

Accident Analysis ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Process Safety ◽

Process Industries ◽

Human And Organizational Factors

Accidents and near-miss accidents in chemical industries are widespread. Most of the incidents occurred due to combinations of organizational and human factors. To identify the causes for an incident of an accident analysis is needed, because it reveals the possible causes behind the accidents. Accident analysis shows the human and organizational factors that support learning from the events. Literature review shows that human error plays an important role of accidents in process industries. The chapter discusses some case studies which are received very little media publicity and also no proper assessment. At first reports on the incidents were collected from newspapers and then the place was visited to conduct an interview with local people and present and past workers with the help of the PESO (M/S Petroleum and Explosive Safety Organization, Eastern Region, Govt. of India).

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Human and organizational factors within the public sectors for the prevention and control of epidemic

Safety Science ◽

10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104929 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 131 ◽

pp. 104929 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lipeng Fu ◽

Xueqing Wang ◽

Dan Wang ◽

Mark A. Griffin ◽

Peixuan Li

Keyword(s):

Prevention And Control ◽

Organizational Factors ◽

The Public ◽

Public Sectors ◽

And Control ◽

Human And Organizational Factors

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Integrated reliability and maintainability analysis of Computerized Numerical Control Turning Center considering the effects of human and organizational factors

Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering ◽

10.1108/jqme-08-2018-0063 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 87-103

Author(s):

Rajkumar Bhimgonda Patil

Keyword(s):

Organizational Factors ◽

Numerical Control ◽

Content Type ◽

Failure Data ◽

Turning Center ◽

Maintainability Analysis ◽

Human And Organizational Factors ◽

Mean Time ◽

Best Fit ◽

Field Failure

Purpose Reliability, maintainability and availability of modern complex engineered systems are significantly affected by four basic systems or elements: hardware, software, organizational and human. Computerized Numerical Control Turning Center (CNCTC) is one of the complex machine tools used in manufacturing industries. Several research studies have shown that the reliability and maintainability is greatly influenced by human and organizational factors (HOFs). The purpose of this paper is to identify critical HOFs and their effects on the reliability and maintainability of the CNCTC. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, 12 human performance influencing factors (PIFs) and 10 organizational factors (OFs) which affect the reliability and maintainability of the CNCTC are identified and prioritized according to their criticality. The opinions of experts in the fields are used for prioritizing, whereas the field failure and repair data are used for reliability and maintainability modeling. Findings Experience, training, and behavior are the three most critical human PIFs, and safety culture, problem solving resources, corrective action program and training program are the four most critical OFs which significantly affect the reliability and maintainability of the CNCTC. The reliability and maintainability analysis reveals that the Weibull is the best-fit distribution for time-between-failure data, whereas log-normal is the best-fit distribution for Time-To-Repair data. The failure rate of the CNCTC is nearly constant. Nearly 66 percent of the total failures and repairs are typically due to the hardware system. The percentage of failures and repairs influenced by HOFs is nearly only 16 percent; however, the failure and repair impact of HOFs is significant. The HOFs can increase the mean-time-to-repair and mean-time-between-failure of the CNCTC by nearly 65 and 33 percent, respectively. Originality/value The paper uses the field failure data and expert opinions for the analysis. The critical sub-systems of the CNCTC are identified using the judgment of the experts, and the trend of the results is verified with published results.

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