Sodium-dependent D-glucose transport after proximal small intestinal resection in rat

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (3) ◽  
pp. G292-G297 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Freeman ◽  
S. T. Ellis ◽  
G. A. Johnston ◽  
W. C. Kwan ◽  
G. A. Quamme
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Bowel Resection ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
Small Bowel Resection ◽  
Proximal Small Bowel ◽  
Sodium Dependent ◽  
Small Intestinal

Massive small intestinal resection results in both structural and functional changes in the residual small bowel. Sodium-dependent D-glucose transport was examined in brush-border membrane vesicles derived from the terminal 20-30 cm of ileal mucosa of male Sprague-Dawley rats, 2 and 6 wk after 66% proximal jejunoileal resection or jejunoileal transection. Kinetic characteristics for sodium-dependent D-glucose transport were investigated with rapid filtration under conditions of a zero-trans, 100 mM cis-NaSCN gradient. Mucosal weight, protein, and DNA content were increased in the residual terminal intestinal segment compared with transected controls, whereas morphometric studies revealed increased villus and crypt heights as well as an increased mitotic index. Mean kinetic transport parameters at 6 wk after proximal small bowel resection revealed two saturable systems in the distal residual ileum: first, a low-affinity, high-capacity system with a Km of 0.19 +/- 0.03 mM and a Vmax of 0.48 +/- 0.04 nmol.mg protein-1.min-1; and second, a high-affinity, low-capacity system with a Km of 0.009 +/- 0.001 mM and a Vmax of 0.105 +/- 0.016 nmol.mg protein-1.min-1. In contrast, negligible sodium-dependent D-glucose transport was detected in the most distal ileum in control animals or animals 2 wk after resection or 2 and 6 wk after transection. Thus adaptational changes including mucosal hyperplasia and the appearance of two sodium-dependent D-glucose brush-border membrane vesicle transport systems occur in the residual distal intestine after massive proximal small bowel resection.

scholarly journals Novel goblet cell gene related to IgGFcγBP is regulated in adapting gut after small bowel resection

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (5) ◽  
pp. G1003-G1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah C. Rubin ◽  
Elzbieta A. Swietlicki ◽  
Hristo Iordanov ◽  
Christine Fritsch ◽  
Marc S. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Bowel Resection ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
Small Bowel Resection ◽  
Molecular Regulation ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Cell Gene ◽  
Rat Gut

The loss of functional small bowel surface area leads to a well-described adaptive response in the remnant intestine. To elucidate its molecular regulation, a cohort of cDNAs were cloned using a rat gut resection model and subtractive/differential hybridization cloning techniques. This study reports a novel cDNA termed “ileal remnant repressed” (IRR)-219, which shares 80% nucleotide identity with the 3′end of a human intestinal IgG Fc binding protein (IgGFcγBP) and is homologous to human and rat mucins. IRR-219 mRNA is expressed in intestine and colon only. At 48 h after 70% intestinal resection, mRNA levels decreased two- to fivefold in the adaptive small bowel but increased two- to threefold in the colon. Expression of IRR-219 was suppressed in adaptive small bowel as late as 1 wk after resection. IRR-219 expression is also regulated during gut ontogeny. In situ hybridization revealed IRR-219 expression in small intestinal and colonic goblet cells only. Its unique patterns of expression during ontogeny and after small bowel resection suggest distinctive roles in small bowel and colonic adaptation.

Effects of bile and pancreatic secretions on intestinal mucosa after proximal small bowel resection in rats

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1117-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique D. Gélinas ◽  
Claude L. Morin
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Pancreatic Juice ◽  
Bowel Resection ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
Small Bowel Resection ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Ileal Mucosa ◽  
Distal Small Intestine ◽  
Proximal Small Bowel

After proximal small bowel resection the remaining small intestine undergoes adaptive hyperplasia. In the present study, the relative contributions of bile and (or) pancreatic juice to adaptive intestinal hyperplasia following proximal resection was studied. Using male Sprague–Dawley rats a 50% proximal intestinal resection was done starting 10 cm distal to the beginning of the jejunum. The animals were also subjected to diversion of bile and (or) pancreatic secretions to the distal ileum at 18 cm proximal to the ileocecal junction. After 8 days gut and mucosal weights, mucosal proteins, and DNA were measured in the duodenojejunum (gut segment proximal to the resection anastomosis) and in the ileum (first half of the small bowel segment distal to the diversion site). The results indicate that (1) in rats fed either chow (Purina rat chow) or a chemically defined diet diversion of pancreaticobiliary secretions to the ileum significantly stimulated ileal mucosa growth whereas no changes were observed in the duodenojejunum, (2) in rats fed a chemically defined diet neither bile nor pancreatic juice affected ileal mucosa when separately diverted to the ileum, and (3) pancreatic juice draining into the duodenum while bile was diverted to the ileum induced hypoplastic changes in the duodenojejunum. The present study suggests that following jejunectomy the regulation of mucosal growth by pancreatic and bile secretions is different in the proximal and distal small intestine. Pancreaticobiliary secretions are trophic for the ileum. However, in the proximal gut bile offers protection against a direct or indirect catabolic action of pancreatic juice.

Humoral growth factor after small intestinal resection in the dog

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 1322-1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Caussignac ◽  
France David
Keyword(s):  
Monolayer Culture ◽  
Bowel Resection ◽  
Intestinal Adaptation ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Small Bowel Resection ◽  
Proximal Small Bowel ◽  
Kidney Fibroblast ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Intestinal Transection

The serum of dogs with a 50% proximal small bowel resection is capable of growth stimulation in small intestinal epithelioid cells in monolayer culture. This overstimulation by postresection serum is not seen when dogs undergo either a small intestinal transection or a simple laparotomy or with baby hamster kidney fibroblast cells in culture. The effect does not seem to be represented by a gastrinlike molecule. This study lends support to the hypothesis that a humoral factor is involved in small intestinal adaptation after partial resection.

scholarly journals The effect of epidermal growth factor on brush border surface area and function in the distal remnant following resection in the rabbit

Gut ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Hardin ◽  
B Chung ◽  
E V O’Loughlin ◽  
D G Gall
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Bowel Resection ◽  
Small Bowel Resection ◽  
Transport Function ◽  
Epidermal Growth

BackgroundEpidermal growth factor (EGF) has been shown to increase intestinal absorptive surface area and transport function in normal animals.AimsTo examine the effect of EGF on absorptive surface area and brush border membrane function in a model of massive small bowel resection.MethodsNew Zealand white rabbits were randomised into two groups: a resected group (60% proximal small bowel resection); and an unmanipulated control group. Distal remnant tissue was examined 10 and 21 days postsurgery. In separate experiments oral EGF (40 μg/kg/day) was administered to resected animals from days 3 to 8 and animals were studied on day 10.ResultsTen days postsurgery brush border surface area and total absorptive surface area were significantly increased in remnant tissue while brush border membrane vesicle (BBMV) glucose uptake was significantly decreased compared with controls. By 21 days brush border surface area returned to control levels though BBMV glucose uptake remained depressed. EGF treatment induced a further increase in brush border surface area in remnant intestine but did not alter BBMV glucose uptake.ConclusionsSurgical resection results in significant elevations in absorptive surface area coupled with a decrease in brush border membrane transport function distal to the site of anastomosis. EGF enhances glucose uptake in remnant intestine via recruitment of additional microvillus membrane into the brush border.

Sodium-dependent D-glucose transport in brush-border membrane vesicles from isolated rat small intestinal villus and crypt epithelial cells

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1213-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Freeman ◽  
G. Johnston ◽  
G. A. Quamme
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Brush Border Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Sodium Dependent ◽  
Small Intestinal

Differentiation and maturation of enterocytes occur with migration from the crypt to villus compartments. To investigate the effect of epithelial cell differentiation on sodium-dependent D-glucose transport, brush-border membrane vesicles were prepared from small intestinal epithelial cell suspensions selectively isolated from villus and crypt populations. Enterocytes were isolated with a morphologically monitored sequential cell dissociation method. Thymidine kinase, sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase activities were measured as differentiation markers of specific cell populations. Brush-border membrane vesicles were purified and their kinetic characteristics defined with a rapid filtration method under conditions of a zero-trans, 100 mM cis-NaSCN gradient. Typical "overshoot" phenomena characteristic of sodium D-glucose cotransport were observed for both villus (five- to eight-fold equilibrium values) and crypt brush-border membrane vesicles (two- to four-fold equilibrium values). Kinetics analyses of the initial D-glucose flux in brush-border membrane vesicles suggested the presence of at least two sodium-dependent D-glucose carriers in the villus and only a single carrier in the crypt compartments. These data indicate that sodium D-glucose cotransport occurs in brush-border membranes of both villus and crypt populations. Moreover, quantitative and qualitative differences between these two membrane populations suggest that epithelial D-glucose transport processes are differentiation dependent and reflect the degree of enterocyte development.

Pathophysiological correlates of two unique renal tubule lesions in rats with intestinal resection

2006 ◽  
Vol 291 (5) ◽  
pp. F1061-F1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Worcester ◽  
Andrew Evan ◽  
Sharon Bledsoe ◽  
Mark Lyon ◽  
Mark Chuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Bowel Resection ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
Small Bowel Resection ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Crystal Deposition ◽  
Oxalate Excretion

Rats with small bowel resection fed a high-oxalate diet develop extensive deposition of calcium oxalate (CaOx) and calcium phosphate crystals in the kidney after 4 mo. To explore the earliest sites of renal crystal deposition, rats received either small bowel resection or transection and were then fed either standard chow or a high-oxalate diet; perfusion-fixed renal tissue from five rats in each group was examined by light microscopy at 2, 4, 8, and 12 wk. Rats fed the high-oxalate diet developed birefringent microcrystals at the brush border of proximal tubule cells, with or without cell damage; the lesion was most common in rats with both resection and a high-oxalate diet (10/19 with the lesion) and was significantly correlated with urine oxalate excretion ( P < 0.001). Rats with bowel resection fed normal chow had mild hyperoxaluria but high urine CaOx supersaturation; four of these rats developed birefringent crystal deposition with tubule plugging in inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCD). Two rats fed a high-oxalate diet also developed this lesion, which was correlated with CaOx supersaturation, but not oxalate excretion. Tissue was examined under oil immersion, and tiny birefringent crystals were noted on the apical surface of IMCD cells only in animals with IMCD crystal plugging. In one animal, IMCD crystals were both birefringent and nonbirefringent, suggesting a mix of CaOx and calcium phosphate. Overall, these animals demonstrate two distinct sites and mechanisms of renal crystal deposition and may help elucidate renal lesions seen in humans with enteric hyperoxaluria and stones.

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