Pulmonary arterial elasticity in awake dogs

1993 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 840-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Grant ◽  
J. M. Canty ◽  
G. Srinivasan ◽  
A. S. Brody
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arterial Elasticity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

We measured the relationship between pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa), diameter (D), and length of a segment of the main pulmonary artery (MPA) in chronically instrumented conscious dogs breathing spontaneously (CCC). There were no physiologically significant changes in Ppa or D in the CCC dogs postoperatively, and the cross-sectional MPA shape measured by fast computed tomography was nearly circular. These results suggest that the MPA was not distorted by chronic instrumentation. We compared measurements made in the CCC dogs with previous measurements in acutely instrumented anesthetized dogs with open chests (AAO). The elasticity of MPA in the CCC animals was frequency dependent between 1 and 14 Hz and was similar to that in the AAO dogs. Oscillations of D preceded Ppa at cardiac frequencies in the AAO animals, but the D and Ppa oscillations were in phase in the CCC animals. The oscillations of length relative to D were significantly less in the CCC than in the AAO dogs. We conclude that, with limitations, the hemodynamic properties of the MPA can be measured in the CCC subjects. We suggest that the discrepancies between the AAO and CCC dogs can be attributed to differences in extrinsic loading of the MPA.

Mechanical properties and dimensions of the major pulmonary arteries

1960 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dali J. Patel ◽  
Donald P. Schilder ◽  
Alexander J. Mallos
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Measurement Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between instantaneous distending pressure and diameter of the pulmonary artery was studied in 18 living thoracotomized dogs. An electrical caliper with adequate recording characteristics was developed for instantaneous diameter measurement. Control observations were made over a range of pressures induced by rapid, right heart dextran-infusion and were compared with those obtained during norepinephrine administration. Results indicate: a) the pulse contours of the pulmonary artery pressure and diameter are essentially identical, indicating negligible inertance and viscous resistance of the vessel wall, b) the mean change in average radius during a cardiac cycle was ±7.8% ± 2.86 S.D. ± .32 S.E.M. (0.48%/cm H2O pulse pressure) under control conditions, c) the ratio of change in radius to pulse pressure, R/P, showed a significant decrease during norepinephrine administration when compared to control values within the same pressure range (P < .01) and d) the cross-sectional area of the main pulmonary artery exceeded that of the right and left combined. Note: (With the Technical Assistance of Alfred G. T. Casper) Submitted on August 25, 1959

scholarly journals CHANGING OF PULMONARY ARTERY DIAMETER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SEVERITY OF COVID-19 (ASSESSMENT BASED ON NON-CONTRAST COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander F. Aliev ◽  
Nikita D. Kudryavtsev ◽  
Alexey Vladimirovich Petraikin ◽  
Zlata R. Artyukova ◽  
Andrey S. Shkoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Diameter

Backgraund: search for the causes of the severe course of COVID-19 by computed tomography of chest, in particular, to clarify the contribution of pulmonary hypertension in the severe course of COVID-19 Aims: To establish the relationship between the expansion of the pulmonary artery and an increase in the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia. Material and methods: This is a retrospective cohort study performed on a group of patients (n = 511, 267 male. Median 59, IQR 49.065.0, min 31 max 84 y.o.) treated in a COVID-19 temporary hospital. Chest CT was performed on a portable computed tomography Airo TruCT (Stryker, USA). The degree of damage of the lung parenchyma was assessed by the CT scale 1(25%); 2(25-50%) 3(50-75%), 4(75%). The diameters of the main pulmonary artery (PA), aorta (Ao) and PA/Ao ratio were measured. Results: The following statistically evident results were obtained: expansion of the pulmonary artery (PA) and PA/Ao ratio increased with rise of the degree of lung damage in COVID-19. Expansion of the aorta was significantly correlated with increasing age of the patients. Discussion: We suggested, this fact and noted expansion of PA in 52.0-65.5% of patients with severe COVID-19 (CT 3-4) is an indicator of a high incidence of pulmonary hypertension in this disease. This requires additional research. Conclusion: It has been shown that the expansion of the pulmonary artery and an increase in the ratio of PA/Ao diameters are associated with an increase in the severity of COVID-19 in all age groups. KEYWORDS COVID-19, pulmonary artery, pulmonary hypertension, aorta, computed tomography.

Compliance of the main pulmonary artery during the ventilatory cycle

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Grant ◽  
B. B. Lieber
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Positive End Expiratory Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Phase Differences

Transmural pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa), diameter (D), and length (L) of a segment of the main pulmonary artery (MPA) were measured simultaneously in anesthetized open-chest dogs. The instantaneous volume was calculated from D and L. Pulmonary arterial elasticity for diameter (EpD) was calculated as the ratio of the amplitude of Ppa to D oscillation normalized by the mean D. Similar indexes were calculated for L (EpL) and V (Epv). Compliance per unit length was calculated from the dimensions and elasticity of the MPA. Under control conditions with 5 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure, EpD, EpL, and Epv at cardiac frequency were 175 +/- 27, 147 +/- 27, and 55 +/- 7 cmH2O, respectively. EpD increased with positive end-expiratory pressure, but EpL decreased and Epv was unaffected. EpD, EpL, Epv, and compliance per unit length were not significantly different between the start of inspiration and the start of expiration. In addition, there were no significant phase differences between the oscillations of Ppa and V at respiratory frequency. We conclude that the previously reported time variation of pulmonary arterial compliance during the ventilatory cycle is not due to time-varying properties of the MPA.

State-of-the-art pulmonary arterial imaging – Part 2

VASA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Goerne ◽  
Abhishek Chaturvedi ◽  
Sasan Partovi ◽  
Prabhakar Rajiah
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Arterial Imaging

Abstract. Although pulmonary embolism is the most common abnormality of the pulmonary artery, there is a broad spectrum of other congenital and acquired pulmonary arterial abnormalities. Multiple imaging modalities are now available to evaluate these abnormalities of the pulmonary arteries. CT and MRI are the most commonly used cross-sectional imaging modalities that provide comprehensive information on several aspects of these abnormalities, including morphology, function, risk-stratification and therapy-monitoring. In this article, we review the role of state-of-the-art pulmonary arterial imaging in the evaluation of non-thromboembolic disorders of pulmonary artery.

A computed method for noninvasive MRI assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Laffon ◽  
Christophe Vallet ◽  
Virginie Bernard ◽  
Michel Montaudon ◽  
Dominique Ducassou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Biophysical Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Mean

The present method enables the noninvasive assessment of mean pulmonary arterial pressure from magnetic resonance phase mapping by computing both physical and biophysical parameters. The physical parameters include the mean blood flow velocity over the cross-sectional area of the main pulmonary artery (MPA) at the systolic peak and the maximal systolic MPA cross-sectional area value, whereas the biophysical parameters are related to each patient, such as height, weight, and heart rate. These parameters have been measured in a series of 31 patients undergoing right-side heart catheterization, and the computed mean pulmonary arterial pressure value (PpaComp) has been compared with the mean pressure value obtained from catheterization (PpaCat) in each patient. A significant correlation was found that did not differ from the identity line PpaComp = PpaCat ( r = 0.92). The mean and maximal absolute differences between PpaComp and PpaCat were 5.4 and 11.9 mmHg, respectively. The method was also applied to compute the MPA systolic and diastolic pressures in the same patient series. We conclude that this computed method, which combines physical (whoever the patient) and biophysical parameters (related to each patient), improves the accuracy of MRI to noninvasively estimate pulmonary arterial pressures.

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