Sensing-enabled hippocampal deep brain stimulation in idiopathic nonhuman primate epilepsy

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Lipski ◽  
V. J. DeStefino ◽  
S. R. Stanslaski ◽  
A. R. Antony ◽  
D. J. Crammond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Electrical Brain Activity ◽  
Deep Brain

Epilepsy is a debilitating condition affecting 1% of the population worldwide. Medications fail to control seizures in at least 30% of patients, and deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising alternative treatment. A modified clinical DBS hardware platform was recently described (PC+S) allowing long-term recording of electrical brain activity such that effects of DBS on neural networks can be examined. This study reports the first use of this device to characterize idiopathic epilepsy and assess the effects of stimulation in a nonhuman primate (NHP). Clinical DBS electrodes were implanted in the hippocampus of an epileptic NHP bilaterally, and baseline local field potential (LFP) recordings were collected for seizure characterization with the PC+S. Real-time automatic detection of ictal events was demonstrated and validated by concurrent visual observation of seizure behavior. Seizures consisted of large-amplitude 8- to 25-Hz oscillations originating from the right hemisphere and quickly generalizing, with an average occurrence of 0.71 ± 0.15 seizures/day. Various stimulation parameters resulted in suppression of LFP activity or in seizure induction during stimulation under ketamine anesthesia. Chronic stimulation in the awake animal was studied to evaluate how seizure activity was affected by stimulation configurations that suppressed broadband LFPs in acute experiments. This is the first electrophysiological characterization of epilepsy using a next-generation clinical DBS system that offers the ability to record and analyze neural signals from a chronically implanted stimulating electrode. These results will direct further development of this technology and ultimately provide insight into therapeutic mechanisms of DBS for epilepsy.

scholarly journals Applying a Sensing-Enabled System for Ensuring Safe Anterior Cingulate Deep Brain Stimulation for Pain

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongzhi Huang ◽  
Binith Cheeran ◽  
Alexander L. Green ◽  
Timothy J. Denison ◽  
Tipu Z. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Chronic Therapy ◽  
Provide Pain Relief ◽  
Surgical Options ◽  
Effective Pain Relief ◽  
Deep Brain

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was offered to chronic pain patients who had exhausted medical and surgical options. However, several patients developed recurrent seizures. This work was conducted to assess the effect of ACC stimulation on the brain activity and to guide safe DBS programming. A sensing-enabled neurostimulator (Activa PC + S) allowing wireless recording through the stimulating electrodes was chronically implanted in three patients. Stimulation patterns with different amplitude levels and variable ramping rates were tested to investigate whether these patterns could provide pain relief without triggering after-discharges (ADs) within local field potentials (LFPs) recorded in the ACC. In the absence of ramping, AD activity was detected following stimulation at amplitude levels below those used in chronic therapy. Adjustment of stimulus cycling patterns, by slowly ramping on/off (8-s ramp duration), was able to prevent ADs at higher amplitude levels while maintaining effective pain relief. The absence of AD activity confirmed from the implant was correlated with the absence of clinical seizures. We propose that AD activity in the ACC could be a biomarker for the likelihood of seizures in these patients, and the application of sensing-enabled techniques has the potential to advance safer brain stimulation therapies, especially in novel targets.

scholarly journals Differential effects of deep brain stimulation and levodopa on brain activity in Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Mueller ◽  
Dušan Urgošík ◽  
Tommaso Ballarini ◽  
Štefan Holiga ◽  
Harald E Möller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Finger Tapping ◽  
Levodopa Treatment ◽  
Deep Brain

Abstract Levodopa is the first-line treatment for Parkinson’s disease, although the precise mechanisms mediating its efficacy remain elusive. We aimed to elucidate treatment effects of levodopa on brain activity during the execution of fine movements and to compare them with deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nuclei. We studied 32 patients with Parkinson’s disease using functional MRI during the execution of finger-tapping task, alternating epochs of movement and rest. The task was performed after withdrawal and administration of a single levodopa dose. A subgroup of patients (n = 18) repeated the experiment after electrode implantation with stimulator on and off. Investigating levodopa treatment, we found a significant interaction between both factors of treatment state (off, on) and experimental task (finger tapping, rest) in bilateral putamen, but not in other motor regions. Specifically, during the off state of levodopa medication, activity in the putamen at rest was higher than during tapping. This represents an aberrant activity pattern probably indicating the derangement of basal ganglia network activity due to the lack of dopaminergic input. Levodopa medication reverted this pattern, so that putaminal activity during finger tapping was higher than during rest, as previously described in healthy controls. Within-group comparison with deep brain stimulation underlines the specificity of our findings with levodopa treatment. Indeed, a significant interaction was observed between treatment approach (levodopa, deep brain stimulation) and treatment state (off, on) in bilateral putamen. Our functional MRI study compared for the first time the differential effects of levodopa treatment and deep brain stimulation on brain motor activity. We showed modulatory effects of levodopa on brain activity of the putamen during finger movement execution, which were not observed with deep brain stimulation.

Deep brain stimulation: Treating neurological and psychiatric disorders by modulating brain activity

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Saad Siddiqui ◽  
Thomas L. Ellis ◽  
Stephen B. Tatter ◽  
Michael S Okun
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Deep Brain

scholarly journals A Network Model of Local Field Potential Activity in Essential Tremor and the Impact of Deep Brain Stimulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e1005326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Yousif ◽  
Michael Mace ◽  
Nicola Pavese ◽  
Roman Borisyuk ◽  
Dipankar Nandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Essential Tremor ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Deep Brain

scholarly journals Brain energization in response to deep brain stimulation of subthalamic nuclei in Parkinson's disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1612-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaëtan Garraux ◽  
Mohamed A Bahri ◽  
Christian Lemaire ◽  
Christian Degueldre ◽  
Eric Salmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Caudate Nuclei ◽  
Stn Dbs ◽  
Deep Brain

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective treatment in a subgroup of medically refractory patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we compared resting-state 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography images in the stimulator off (DBS_OFF) and on (DBS_ON) conditions in eight PD patients in an unmedicated state, on average 2 years after bilateral electrode implantation. Global standardized uptake value (SUV) significantly increased by ∼11% in response to STN-DBS. To avoid any bias in the voxel-based analysis comparing DBS_ON and DBS_OFF conditions, individual scan intensity was scaled to a region where FDG-SUV did not differ significantly between conditions. The resulting FDG-SUV ratio (FDG-SUVR) was found to increase in many regions in response to STN-DBS including the target area of surgery, caudate nuclei, primary sensorimotor, and associative cortices. Contrary to previous studies, we could not find any regional decrease in FDG-SUVR. These findings were indirectly supported by comparing the extent of areas with depressed FDG-SUVR in DBS_OFF and DBS_ON relatively to 10 normal controls. Altogether, these novel results support the prediction that the effect of STN-DBS on brain activity in PD is unidirectional and consists in an increase in many subcortical and cortical regions.

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