Transcriptome profiling the gills of amoebic gill disease (AGD)-affected Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.): a role for tumor suppressor p53 in AGD pathogenesis?

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard N. Morrison ◽  
Glenn A. Cooper ◽  
Ben F. Koop ◽  
Matthew L. Rise ◽  
Andrew R. Bridle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Independent Experiment ◽  
Gill Disease ◽  
P53 Tumor Suppressor Protein ◽  
Microarray Analyses

Neoparamoeba spp. are amphizoic amoebae with the capacity to colonize the gills of some marine fish, causing AGD. Here, the gill tissue transcriptome response of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) to AGD is described. Tanks housing Atlantic salmon were inoculated with Neoparamoeba spp. and fish sampled at time points up to 8 days postinoculation (pi.). Gill tissues were taken from AGD-affected fish, and a DNA microarray was used to compare global gene expression against tissues from AGD-unaffected fish. A total of 206 genes, representing 190 unique transcripts, were reproducibly identified as up- or downregulated in response to Neoparamoeba spp. infection. Informative transcripts having GO biological process identifiers were grouped according to function. Although a number of genes were placed into each category, no distinct patterns were observed. One Atlantic salmon cDNA that was upregulated in infected gill relative to noninfected gill at 114 and 189 h pi. showed significant identity with the Xenopus, mouse, and human anterior gradient-2 (AG-2) homologs. Two Atlantic salmon AG-2 mRNA transcripts, designated asAG-2/1 and asAG-2/2, were cloned, sequenced, and shown to be predominantly expressed in the gill, intestine, and brain of a healthy fish. In AGD-affected fish, differential asAG-2 expression was confirmed in samples used for microarray analyses as well as in AGD-affected gill tissue taken from fish in an independent experiment. The asAG-2 upregulation was restricted to AGD lesions relative to unaffected tissue from the same gill arch, while p53 tumor suppressor protein mRNA was concurrently downregulated in AGD lesions. Differential expression of p53-regulated transcripts, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene-45β (GADD45β) in AGD lesions, suggests a role for p53 in AGD pathogenesis. Thus AGD may represent a novel model for comparative analysis of p53 and p53-regulated pathways.

scholarly journals Bacteriomic Profiling of Branchial Lesions Induced by Neoparamoeba perurans Challenge Reveals Commensal Dysbiosis and an Association with Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi in AGD-Affected Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Slinger ◽  
Mark B. Adams ◽  
James W. Wynne
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Affected Tissue ◽  
Profile Changes ◽  
Gill Disease ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Moderate Positive Correlation

Amoebic gill disease is a parasitic condition that commonly affects marine farmed Atlantic salmon. The causative agent, Neoparamoeba perurans, induces a marked proliferation of the gill mucosa and focal superficial necrosis upon branchial lesions. The effect that amoebic branchialitis has upon gill associated commensal bacteria is unknown. A 16S rRNA sequencing approach was employed to profile changes in bacterial community composition, within amoebic gill disease (AGD)-affected and non-affected gill tissue. The bacterial diversity of biopsies with and without diseased tissue was significantly lower in the AGD-affected fish compared to uninfected fish. Furthermore, within the AGD-affected tissue, lesions appeared to contain a significantly higher abundance of the Flavobacterium, Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi compared to adjunct unaffected tissues. Quantitative PCR specific to both N. perurans and T. dicentrarchi was used to further examine the co-abundance of these known fish pathogens. A moderate positive correlation between these pathogens was observed. Taken together, the present study sheds new light on the complex interaction between the host, parasite and bacterial communities during AGD progression. The role that T. dicentrarchi may play in this complex relationship requires further investigation.

scholarly journals Comparison of histologic methods for the detection of Desmozoon lepeophtherii spores in the gills of Atlantic salmon

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Ana Herrero ◽  
Francesc Padrós ◽  
Sara Pflaum ◽  
Chris Matthews ◽  
Jorge del-Pozo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Calcofluor White ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Gill Disease ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Small Clusters ◽  
Significant Underestimation

Desmozoon lepeophtherii is a microsporidian associated with gill disease in farmed Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar). Detection of the parasite in histologic tissue sections is challenging using common histochemical stains given that the small, widely distributed parasite spores typically occur individually or in small clusters. We compared the ability of 4 histologic methods to detect D. lepeophtherii spores in serial sections of Atlantic salmon gill tissue: hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Gram–Twort (GT), calcofluor white (CW), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Using CW as a benchmark to calculate a relative ratio, IHC consistently detected more spores than CW (median: 1.3), followed by GT (median: 0.2) and H&E (median: 0.1). IHC detected significantly more spores than GT ( p < 0.05) and H&E ( p < 0.05), and GT more than H&E ( p < 0.05). We found significant underestimation of numbers of microsporidia spores in gill disease in Atlantic salmon using conventional histochemical stains and recommend the use of CW or IHC to detect the parasite in tissue sections.

Transcriptome Profiling of Long Non-coding RNAs During the Atlantic Salmon Smoltification Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-320
Author(s):  
Valentina Valenzuela-Muñoz ◽  
Juan Antonio Váldes ◽  
Cristian Gallardo-Escárate
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

VRML in Cancer Research: Local Changes in Binding Properties of Wild Type and Mutated p53 Tumor Suppressor Protein

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 382-385
Author(s):  
Gerd Moeckel ◽  
Matthias Keil ◽  
Monica Hollstein ◽  
Bertold Spiegelhalder ◽  
Helmut Bartsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Protein ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
P53 Tumor Suppressor ◽  
P53 Tumor Suppressor Protein

scholarly journals Potential Metabolite Nymphayol Isolated from Water Lily (Nymphaea stellata) Flower Inhibits MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Growth via Upregulation of Cdkn2a, pRb2, p53 and Downregulation of PCNA mRNA Expressions

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Laila Naif Al-Harbi ◽  
Pandurangan Subash-Babu ◽  
Manal Abdulaziz Binobead ◽  
Maha Hussain Alhussain ◽  
Sahar Abdulaziz AlSedairy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Mcf 7

Controlled production of cyclin dependent kinases (CDK) and stabilization of tumor suppressor genes are the most important factors involved in preventing carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to explore the cyclin dependent apoptotic effect of nymphayol on breast cancer MCF-7 cells. In our previous study, we isolated the crystal from a chloroform extract of Nymphaea stellata flower petals and it was confirmed as nymphayol (17-(hexan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethylhexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol) using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and mass spectroscopy (MS) methods. The cytotoxic effect of nymphayol on MCF-7 cells were analyzed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The cellular and nuclear damage was determined using propidium iodide (PI) and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/ErBr) staining. Tumor suppressor and apoptosis related mRNA transcript levels were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Nymphayol potentially inhibits MCF-7 cell viability up to 78%, and the IC50 value was observed as 2.8 µM in 24 h and 1.4 µM in 48 h. Treatment with nymphayol significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and the tunnel assay confirmed DNA damage. We found characteristically 76% apoptotic cells and 9% necrotic cells in PI and AO/ErBr staining after 48 h treatment with 2.8 µM of nymphayol. Gene expression analysis confirmed significantly (p ≤ 0.001) increased mRNA levels of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (Cdkn2a), retinoblastoma protein 2 (pRb2), p53, nuclear factor erythroid 2-factor 2 (Nrf2), caspase-3, and decreased B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), murine double minute 2 (mdm2), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression after 48 h. Nymphayol effectively inhibited breast cancer cell viability, and is associated with early expression of Cdkn2a, pRb2, and activation of p53 and caspases.

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