scholarly journals Multislot Antenna with a Screening Backplane for UWB WBAN Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-fei Wei ◽  
Christophe Roblin
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
Proximity Effects ◽  
Total Radiation ◽  
Propagation Characteristics ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Radiation Characteristics ◽  
Field Screening ◽  
Radiation Measurements

A novel multislot antenna with a conducting backplane reflector (MSA-BP) designed for ultrawideband wireless body area networks (WBANs) applications is presented. The objective is to achieve a desensitization of the antenna behavior regarding the proximity effects of the human body, thanks to the field screening operated by the backplane. Partly because of the latter, the antenna is fed with a tapered CPW. The influence of antenna parameters and human body proximity on the radiation characteristics of the MSA-BP is analyzed. Simulated results of the antenna close to a three-layer arm phantom are presented. Impedance and radiation measurements of the isolated antenna as well as propagation characteristics along the human body demonstrating the desensitization effect are also presented. The characteristics of the MSA-BP, in terms of the on-body total radiation efficiency, are significantly improved compared to any (quasi-) omnidirectional counterpart.

A Study of Wireless Body Area Networks and its Routing Protocols for Healthcare Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-152
Author(s):  
Ramanpreet Kaur ◽  
Ruchi Pasricha ◽  
Bikrampal Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Specific Protocol ◽  
Monitoring Applications

Background: The increased cost of treatments in the health care industry and advancements in technologies have led to a promising area of development in Wireless Sensor Networks and semiconductor technologies. Wireless Body Area Networks is a subset of WSN in which sensor nodes are placed on the human body or implanted inside the body to determine various physical parameters of the human body. This information is forwarded to the medical centers or central servers through gateways. The direct advantage of this technology is the existence of portable health monitoring applications as well as location independent monitoring applications. But, still, the existence of smart hospitals needs a lot of focused research related to practical problems faced by patients as well as practitioners. Introduction: The aim of this paper is to present an essential depiction of WBAN development in both medical and non- medical applications. The important features of various wireless technologies supported by WBAN have also been presented. It is apparent that to determine the overall performance of a network in terms of different parameters like temperature, power consumption, throughput and delay, etc., a significant role is played by the routing protocols. Since WBAN directly deals with the human body and hence implementation of a new protocol is a challenging task before researchers, this paper reviews each category of routing protocols and their corresponding limitations. A comparison among routing protocols will guide researchers in implementing a specific protocol for targeted application. The paper also focuses on the future of WBAN which will provide the research areas for further exploration. Conclusion: It is found that QoS aware protocols are employed specifically for critical applications. If we consider radiation imparted from the sensors and tissue protection of the human body, the thermal aware routing protocol is the solution. Another important conclusion of this paper is that the various protocols do not provide an optimal solution for selecting the forward node during routing and this solution primarily depends on the residual energy of the nodes and distance of the node from the sink. A study of protocols developed from 2004 onwards till date shows that implementation of WBAN using integration of IoT, EoT, and fog computing has been the emerging topic of research in recent years.

QoS-Aware Data Dissemination Mechanisms for Wireless Body Area Networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-96
Author(s):  
Javed Iqbal Bangash ◽  
Abdul Waheed Khan ◽  
Adil Sheraz ◽  
Asfandyar Khan ◽  
Sajid Umair
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Delay Sensitive ◽  
Pros And Cons

To reduce healthcare costs and improve human well-being, a promising technology known as wireless body area networks (WBANs) has recently emerged. It is comprised of various on-body as well as implanted sensors which seamlessly monitor the physiological characteristics of the human body. The information is heterogeneous in nature, requires different QoS factors. The information may be classified as delay-sensitive, reliability-sensitive, critical, and routine. On-time delivery and minimum losses are the main QoS-factors required to transmit the captured information. Various researchers have work to provide the required QoS, and some have also considered the other constraints due to the characteristics and texture of the human body. In this research work, we have discussed the communication architecture of WBANS along with the various challenges of WBANS. Furthermore, we have classified and discussed the existing QoS-aware data dissemination mechanisms. In the end, a comparative study of existing QoS-aware data dissemination mechanisms highlights the pros and cons of each mechanism.

The Finite-Element Simulation of the Intra-Body Communication Used in Wireless Body Area Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 694-697 ◽  
pp. 1083-1088
Author(s):  
Jun Sheng Wu ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Shi Ying Zhang ◽  
Rui Ma
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Simulation ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Element Simulation

The finite-element simulation of the intra-body communication used in wireless body area networks has been introduced. Firstly, a novel finite-element method for modeling the whole human body is proposed, while a FE model of the whole human body used for IBC simulation was developed. Secondly, the simulations of the galvanic coupling IBC with the different signal transmission paths were implemented. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed method was verified by using the in vivo measurements. Our results indicate that the proposed method will offer the significant advantages in theoretical analysis and the application of the intra-body communication used in wireless body area networks.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of RTS/CTS Scheme in Beacon-Enabled IEEE 802.15.6 MAC Protocol for Wireless Body Area Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Ullah  ◽  
Mohammad Mehedi Hassan ◽  
M. Shamim Hossain ◽  
Abdulhameed Alelaiwi
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Window Size ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
Ieee 802.15.6 ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Analytical Approximations ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Hidden Node

The IEEE 802.15.6 standard has the potential to provide cost-effective and unobtrusive medical services to individuals with chronic health conditions. It is a low-power standard developed for wireless body area networks and enables wireless communication inside or near a human body. This standard utilizes a Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol to improve network performance under different channel access priorities. However, the CSMA/CA proposed in the IEEE 802.15.6 standard has poor throughput performance and link reliability when some of the nodes deployed on a human body are hidden from each other. We employ the RTS/CTS scheme to solve hidden node problems in IEEE 802.15.6 networks over a lossy channel. To improve performance of the RTS/CTS scheme, we adjust transmission power levels of the nodes according to transmission failures. We estimate throughput and energy consumption of the proposed model by differentiating several parameters, such as contention window size, values of bit error ratios, number of nodes in different priority classes. The performance results are obtained through analytical approximations and simulations. We observe that the proposed model significantly improves performance of the IEEE 802.15.6 CSMA/CA by resolving hidden node problems.

scholarly journals Research of Wearable Textile Antennas for WBAN Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S3) ◽  
pp. 1347-1351
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
Original Position ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Wearable Antennas ◽  
Recent Developments

The emergence of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) in recent times has diverted the attention of most researchers towards the field of wearable antennas. The WBAN has enabled communication between different devices by placing them on human body. This work is a review which intends to disclose the recent developments in the area of wearable Textile antennas for WBAN. Further the use of different textile materials has been studied and their performances have been evaluated. The results show that use of textile materials have not only increased the efficiency but also they are very flexible and make the antenna suitable for on/off body applications such as medical and military. The properties of antennas inside human body, on human body and finally at some distance from the human body have been studied. It has been noted that as the distance between human body and antenna reduces, the properties of antenna such as efficiency, directivity and gain degrade more and more. Also the resonant frequency of antenna shifts from its original position which is a very big issue and needs to be rectified. For textile materials the shift in resonant frequency is not too much and also the degradation in other properties of antenna such as efficiency, directivity and gain are insignificant.

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