scholarly journals Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effectiveness of Genetic Counseling and a Distance, Computer-Based, Lifestyle Intervention Program for Adult Offspring of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Background, Study Protocol, and Baseline Patient Characteristics

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nishigaki ◽  
Y. Tokunaga-Nakawatase ◽  
J. Nishida ◽  
C. Taru ◽  
I. Miyawaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Genetic Counseling ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Relatives of type 2 diabetic patients are at a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes and should be regarded as target of intervention for diabetes prevention. However, it is usually hard to motivate them to implement preventive lifestyle changes, because of lack of opportunity to take advises from medical professionals, inadequate risk perception, and low priority for preventive behavior. Prevention strategy for them therefore should be highly acceptable and suited for them. The parallel, three-group trial is now being conducted to investigate the effects of genetic counseling and/or a computerized behavioral program on the prevention of type 2 diabetes in that population. The preventive strategies used in this study could provide a novel solution to the numbers of genetically high-risk individuals, if found to be effective. The objective of this paper is to describe the background, protocol, and baseline patient characteristics of the trial.

scholarly journals Pharmacogenomics of Drug Response in Type 2 Diabetes: Toward the Definition of Tailored Therapies?

PPAR Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Pollastro ◽  
Carmela Ziviello ◽  
Valerio Costa ◽  
Alfredo Ciccodicola
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Allelic Variants ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Drug Responsiveness

Type 2 diabetes is one of the major causes of mortality with rapidly increasing prevalence. Pharmacological treatment is the first recommended approach after failure in lifestyle changes. However, a significant number of patients shows—or develops along time and disease progression—drug resistance. In addition, not all type 2 diabetic patients have the same responsiveness to drug treatment. Despite the presence of nongenetic factors (hepatic, renal, and intestinal), most of such variability is due to genetic causes. Pharmacogenomics studies have described association between single nucleotide variations and drug resistance, even though there are still conflicting results. To date, the most reliable approach to investigate allelic variants is Next-Generation Sequencing that allows the simultaneous analysis, on a genome-wide scale, of nucleotide variants and gene expression. Here, we review the relationship between drug responsiveness and polymorphisms in genes involved in drug metabolism (CYP2C9) and insulin signaling (ABCC8,KCNJ11, andPPARG). We also highlight the advancements in sequencing technologies that to date enable researchers to perform comprehensive pharmacogenomics studies. The identification of allelic variants associated with drug resistance will constitute a solid basis to establish tailored therapeutic approaches in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

The Relationships among the Organizational Factors of a Tertiary Healthcare Center for Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Palestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Mosleh ◽  
Mohammed Hawash ◽  
Yazun Jarrar
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Diabetes prevalence at Palestine was 10%, with a rising fund crisis, and diabetes healthcare problems. There was a limited research concerning diabetes healthcare dimensions including organizational factors and their predictors. Objectives: This study described patient characteristics and organizational factors, and assessed relationships among organizational factors of type 2 diabetes health care in Palestine. Methods: This study is retrospective cross sectional, recruited by convenience sampling method in 330 participants from a type 2 diabetes patients list. It was carried out at Ramallah, Palestine. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS v 19) was used to analyze data on patient characteristics and organizational factors collected from personal interview and medical records review. Results: The results showed that 51.2% were males, and 88.5% had additional chronic diseases. Preventive healthcare and patient–healthcare professionals’ relationship were the most prominent organizational factors in statistically significant relationships among organizational factors. Conclusion: This study reflected the need for reviewing prescription mode, and educational programs that emphasize the diabetes self–care management and the health care providers’ role that would be of great benefit in health outcomes further.

Hypoglycaemia is more frequent in type 2 diabetic patients with co-morbid vascular disease: an analysis of the DiaRegis registry

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anselm K Gitt ◽  
Peter Bramlage ◽  
Christiane Binz ◽  
Michael Krekler ◽  
Tanja Plate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Background: Patients with type-2 diabetes are at risk for treatment- and disease-related complications. Little is known about the interrelation of hypoglycaemia and co-morbid vascular disease (VD), defined as coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral arterial disease. Hypothesis: Hypoglycaemia is associated with co-morbid VD in diabetic patients. Methods: DiaRegis is a prospective registry that included patients with type-2 diabetes in 2009/2010. Metric variables are displayed as median and quartiles. For the comparison of patients with or without VD Odds Ratios (OR) were determined from univariate analyses and adjusted for differences in patient characteristics (multivariable analysis). Results: Data on hypoglycaemia and VD within the last 12 months were available for 3741 patients (98.2%) with a median (IQR) age of 65.9 (57.6–72.9) years; 46.7% were female. VD patients ( n = 909; 24.3%) were older (70.7 vs 63.9 years; p < 0.0001), less often female (33.6% vs 50.9%; p < 0.0001) and had had diabetes for a longer duration (6.4 vs 5.4 years; p < 0.0001). Mean cholesterol (total, HDL and LDL) was also slightly lower ( p < 0.0001). Glycaemic control (HbA1c, fasting and postprandial glucose) was comparable. VD patients received less metformin (80.7 vs 85.2%; p < 0.01) and more sulfonylureas (31.8 vs 27.6%; p < 0.05). There was an increased incidence of symptomatic hypoglycaemia with or without requiring help and with a need for medical assistance. After adjusting a number of baseline variables the rates of symptomatic hypoglycaemias with help remained significantly increased (OR 3.73 (95% CI 1.31–10.65) in patients with VD. Conclusions: As hypothesized there is a strong association between the incidence of hypoglycaemia and vascular disease at comparable glycaemic control, which confirms prior randomized controlled trial data suggesting an interrelationship between hypoglycaemia and vascular disease.

Metabolic and endothelial effects of trimetazidine on forearm skeletal muscle in patients with type 2 diabetes and ischemic cardiomyopathy

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (1) ◽  
pp. E54-E59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucilla D. Monti ◽  
Emanuela Setola ◽  
Gabriele Fragasso ◽  
Riccardo P. Camisasca ◽  
Pietro Lucotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Ischemic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Endothelin 1

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of prolonged inhibition of β-oxidation on glucose and lipid muscle forearm metabolism and cGMP and endothelin-1 forearm release in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Fifteen patients were randomly allocated in a double-blind cross-over parallel study with trimetazidine (20 mg tid) or placebo lasting 15 days. At the end of each period, all patients underwent euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamps with forearm indirect calorimetry and endothelial balance of vasodilator and vasoconstricor factors. Compared with placebo, trimetazidine induced 1) an increase in insulin-induced forearm glucose uptake and glucose oxidation accompained by a reduction in forearm lipid oxidation and citrate release and 2) a decrease of endothelin-1 release paralleled by a significant increase in forearm cGMP release. Forearm glucose oxidation significantly correlated with cGMP release ( r = 0.37, P < 0.04), whereas forearm lipid oxidation positively correlated with endothelin-1 release ( r = 0.40, P < 0.03). In conclusion, for the first time, we demonstrated that insulin-induced forearm glucose oxidation and forearm cGMP release were increased whereas forearm endothelin-1 release was decreased during trimetazidine treatment. Muscle's metabolic and vascular effects of trimetazidine add new interest in the use of trimetazidine in type 2 diabetic patients with cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Association of Plasma Myeloperoxidase Level with Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Song ◽  
Jin Xu ◽  
Yongfeng Song ◽  
Shiliang Jiang ◽  
Haitao Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Artery Disease

Aims. This study aimed to investigate whether the change of plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) level would be associated with the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) among diabetic patients.Methods. 339 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) underwent coronary angiography. Of them, 204 cases had CAD and were assigned to CAD group and 135 cases without CAD were assigned to non-CAD group.Results. Compared to non-CAD group, CAD group had higher level of plasma MPO (p<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that plasma MPO level was correlated with Gensini score. Multiple logistic analysis showed that the odds ratios for CAD across increasing tertiles of MPO level were 1.191 (0.971–1.547) and 1.488 (1.115–2.228) (p=0.048,p=0.009versus 1st tertile of MPO level, resp.) by adjusting for age, sex, and other conventional risk factors for CAD. The subjects were stratified into nine groups according to tertiles of MPO and HbA1c. The odds ratio for CAD was significantly higher in group with highest levels of MPO and HbA1c (OR = 4.08,p<0.01).Conclusion. Plasma MPO level was positively correlated with the degree of coronary artery stenosis in type 2 diabetic patients, and increasing blood glucose might amplify the association between MPO and CAD.

scholarly journals Impact of a Booklet about Diabetes Genetic Susceptibility and Its Prevention on Attitudes towards Prevention and Perceived Behavioral Change in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Their Offspring

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu Nishigaki ◽  
Eiko Sato ◽  
Ryota Ochiai ◽  
Taiga Shibayama ◽  
Keiko Kazuma
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
The Patient’S View ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background. Offspring of type 2 diabetic patients are at a high risk of type 2 diabetes. Information on diabetes genetic susceptibility and prevention should be supplied to the offspring.Methods. A six-page booklet on diabetes genetic susceptibility and prevention was distributed to 173 patients who ere ordered to hand it to their offspring. The patients answered a self-administered questionnaire on booklet delivery and attitudinal and behavioral changes toward diabetes and its prevention in themselves and their offspring.Results. Valid responses were obtained from 130 patients. Forty-nine patients had actually handed the booklet. Booklet induces more relief than anxiety. From the patient's view, favorable attitudinal and/or behavioral changes occurred in more than half of the offspring who were delivered the booklet.Conclusion. The booklet worked effectively on attitudes and behaviors toward diabetes and its prevention both in patients and their offspring. However, the effectiveness of patients as information deliverers was limited.

Awareness of Complications in Diabetic Patients - Study in a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (37) ◽  
pp. 3334-3338
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is common in the Indian population and awareness regarding the disease and its complications is low among the patients with diabetes. There is lack of studies regarding awareness of complications of diabetes among type 2 diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the awareness of diabetic complications among type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS This is an institutional based observational study. The sample comprised of 150 adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who underwent treatment in the Department of Medicine, Medical College Kottayam and the patient’s age ranged from 18 - 77 years. RESULTS Majority of patients were in the age group 38 to 57 and the sample comprised of 56 % males and 44 % female patients. Out of 150 patients involved in the study, 120 patients (80 %) were aware of the complications of diabetes mellitus. Among the male patients, 70 (83.33 %) and among females, 50 (75.75 %) were aware of the complications in diabetes. In the study sample, 92 (61.33 %) were aware of the foot problems, 120 patients (80 %) were aware of renal complications, 91 patients were aware regarding eye problems of diabetes, 38 (25.33 %) regarding development of hypertension, 62 (41.33 %) regarding heart attack, 42 (28 %) patients were aware regarding development of stroke and 78 patients (52 %) had awareness regarding occurrence of recurrent infections. CONCLUSIONS Awareness regarding diabetes and its complications is fairly good among the diabetic patients in Kerala. Awareness regarding all complications of diabetes was higher among males than females. Providing awareness to type 2 diabetic patients by various educational programs may be of further help to prevent complications and to decrease the mortality and morbidity in type 2 diabetes patients. KEYWORDS Awareness, Diabetes

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