scholarly journals Assessment of the Variation Associated with Repeated Measurement of Gastrointestinal Transit Times and Assessment of the Effect of Oral Ranitidine on Gastrointestinal Transit Times Using a Wireless Motility Capsule System in Dogs

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Lidbury ◽  
Jan S. Suchodolski ◽  
Renata Ivanek ◽  
Jörg M. Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Repeated Measurement ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Wireless Motility Capsule ◽  
Gastric Emptying Time ◽  
Gi Transit ◽  
Privately Owned

This study aimed to evaluate the variation associated with repeated measurement of gastrointestinal (GI) transit times and the effect of oral ranitidine on GI transit times in healthy dogs using a wireless motility capsule (WMC) system. Eight privately owned healthy adult dogs were enrolled, and one developed diarrhea and was removed from the study. For the first 3 repetitions, each dog was fed a standard meal followed by oral administration of a WMC. For the 4th repetition, each dog was given ranitidine hydrochloride (75 mg PO every 12 hours) prior to and during assessment of GI transit times. Mean between-subject coefficients of variation for gastric emptying time (GET), small and large bowel transit time (SLBTT), and total transit time (TTT) were 26.9%, 32.3%, and 19.6%, respectively. Mean within-subject coefficients of variation for GET, SLBTT, and TTT were 9.3%, 19.6%, and 15.9%, respectively. Median GET, SLBTT, and TTT without ranitidine were 719, 1,636, and 2,735 minutes, respectively. Median GET, SLBTT, and TTT with ranitidine were 757, 1,227, and 2,083 minutes, respectively. No significant differences in GI transit times were found between any of the 4 repetitions. Under these experimental conditions, no significant effects of oral ranitidine on GI transit times were observed.

scholarly journals The impact of opioid treatment on regional gastrointestinal transit

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
D. Jørgensen ◽  
J.L. Poulsen ◽  
A.E. Olesen ◽  
C. Brock ◽  
T.H. Sandberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Opioid Treatment ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Gi Transit ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAimsTo employ a human experimental model of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction (OIBD) in healthy volunteers, and evaluate the impact of opioid treatment compared to placebo on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and motility, assessed by questionnaires and regional GI transit times.MethodsTwenty-five healthy males were randomly assigned to oxycodone or placebo for five days in a double-blind, crossover design. Adverse GI effects were measured with bowel function index, gastrointestinal symptom rating scale, patient assessment of constipation symptoms questionnaire, and bristol stool form scale. Regional GI transit times were determined using the 3D-Transit system and segmental colonic transit times were determined using a custom Matlab® graphical user interface.ResultsGI symptom scores increased significantly across all applied questionnaires during opioid treatment. Oxycodone increased median total GI transit time from 22.2 to 43.9 h (P< 0.01), segmental transit times in the cecum and ascending colon from 5.7 to 9.9 h (P<0.05), rectosigmoid transit time from 2.7 to 9.0 h (P<0.05), and colorectal transit time from 18.6 to 38.6 h (P<0.01). No association between questionnaire scores and segmental transit times were detected.ConclusionsSelf-assessed adverse GI effects and increased GI transit times in different segments were induced during oxycodone treatment. This detailed information about segmental changes in motility has great potential for future interventional head-to-head trials of different laxative regimes for prevention and treatment of OIBD.

The impact of naloxegol treatment on gastrointestinal transit and colonic volume

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-172
Author(s):  
D. Grønlund ◽  
A.E. Olesen ◽  
J.L. Poulsen ◽  
C. Brock ◽  
A.M. Drewes
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Opioid Antagonist ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Gi Transit ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aims Opioid treatment is associated with gastrointestinal (GI) side effects, known as opioid-induced bowel dysfunction (OIBD). Symptoms of OIBD are caused by opioid receptor activation in the enteric nervous system, which results in increased GI transit time and increased faecal volume in the colon. OIBD can be experimentally induced in healthy participants through oral oxycodone treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate whether administration of naloxegol, a peripherally restricted opioid antagonist, could reduce GI symptoms, GI transit time, and colorectal volume, using an experimental model of OIBD. Methods In a double blind crossover trial, twenty-five healthy males were randomly assigned to a six day treatment of oral oxycodone in combination with either oral naloxegol or placebo. At baseline and at day six, participants filled in the Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptom questionnaire, and colorectal volume was quantified with a magnetic resonance imaging method. Participants swallowed a small electromagnetic capsule, which allowed determination of total and segmental GI transit times, using the 3D-Transit system. Results In the established model of oxycodone induced OIBD, fewer GI symptoms were observed during naloxegol treatment, compared to placebo (P <0.01). Naloxegol decreased median total transit time by 27% (56 vs 71 h, P < 0.05) and decreased colorectal transit time by 33% (45 vs 59 h, P < 0.01), compared to placebo. No difference in colorectal volume was found between the two treatments. Conclusions In an experimental model of OIBD, GI symptoms and GI transit time were reduced during treatment with naloxegol, compared to placebo. However, naloxegol treatment did not reduce colorectal volume. These findings add information on the potential of naloxegol to be used in prevention and treatment of OIBD.

Evaluation of gastrointestinal transit times and pH in healthy cats using a continuous pH monitoring system

2021 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2110620
Author(s):  
Naila J Telles ◽  
Bradley T Simon ◽  
Elizabeth M Scallan ◽  
Emily N Gould ◽  
Mark G Papich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Ph Monitoring ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Post Feeding ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Gi Transit ◽  
Continuous Ph Monitoring

Objectives The aim of this study was to characterize gastrointestinal (GI) transit times and pH in healthy cats. Methods GI transit times and pH were measured in six healthy, colony-housed, purpose-bred spayed female cats using a continuous, non-invasive pH monitoring system in a sequential order design. For the first period (‘pre-feeding’), food was withheld for 20 h, followed by oral administration of a pH capsule. Five hours post-capsule administration, cats were meal-fed by offering them their daily allowance of food for 1 h. For the second period (‘post-feeding’), food was withheld for 24 h and cats were fed for 1 h, after which a pH capsule was orally administered. Studies in both periods were repeated three times. GI transit times and pH were compared between the two periods. Results The median transit times for the pre- and post-feeding periods, respectively, were: gastric –94 mins (range 1–4101) and 1068 mins (range 484–5521); intestinal –1350 mins (range 929–2961) and 1534 mins (range 442–2538); and GI –1732 mins (range 1105–5451) and 2795 mins (range 926–6563). The median GI pH values for the first and second periods, respectively, were: esophageal –7.0 (range 3.5–7.8) and 4.5 (range 2.9–6.4); gastric –2.7 (range 1.7–6.2) and 2.0 (range 1.1–3.3); intestinal –8.2 (range 7.6–8.7) and 7.8 (range 6.7–8.5); first-hour small intestinal –8.2 (range 7.4–8.7) and 8.3 (range 7.9–8.6); and last-hour large intestinal –8.5 (range 7.0–8.9) and 7.8 (range 6.3–8.7). Gastric ( P <0.0020) and intestinal pH ( P <0.0059) were significantly increased in the pre-feeding period compared with the post-feeding period. Conclusions and relevance Gastric and intestinal pH differed significantly when the capsule was administered 5 h prior to feeding compared with 1 h after feeding. Transit times for both periods showed high degrees of intra- and inter-individual variability.

scholarly journals Assessment of whole gut motility in adolescents using the wireless motility capsule test

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Fritz ◽  
Christoph Hünseler ◽  
Ilse Broekaert
Keyword(s):  
Colonic Transit ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Gut Motility ◽  
Functional Gi Disorders ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Wireless Motility Capsule ◽  
Gi Transit

AbstractFunctional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are often associated with intestinal dysmotility representing a diagnostic challenge. A relatively new method is the wireless motility capsule (WMC) test, which continuously measures pH, pressure, temperature and regional transit times as it passes through the GI tract. In adults, the WMC test was approved for use in the diagnosis of gastroparesis and constipation by assessing GI transit and contractility. We performed the WMC test in nine adolescent patients aged 12–17 years with functional GI symptoms from July 2017 until February 2019. Abnormal transit times were detected in four patients. Three patients showed abnormal transit times of the upper GI tract: in two cases, contractility analysis revealed prolonged gastric retention, and in one patient, abnormal colonic transit was detected.Conclusion: The WMC test is a minimally invasive procedure with potential to expand future diagnostic opportunities for paediatric patients with functional GI disorders and suspected motility disturbances. What is Known:• The assessment of GI transit and contractility of the whole gut is possible with the WMC test which is approved for use in the diagnosis of gastroparesis and constipation in adults. What is New:• The WMC test is a non-invasive diagnostic tool with the potential to expand diagnostic opportunities in paediatric patients by assessing regional and whole gut motility.• In paediatric patients with functional GI disorders, the WMC test could help to make an adequate diagnosis and initiate appropriate therapy.

scholarly journals Defining gastrointestinal transit time using video capsule endoscopy: a study of healthy subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. E396-E400 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O’Grady ◽  
Clodagh L. Murphy ◽  
Lillian Barry ◽  
Fergus Shanahan ◽  
Martin Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Video Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Small Bowel Transit ◽  
Motility Disorders ◽  
Transit Times

Abstract Background and study aims Determining the etiology and location of gastrointestinal motility disorders can be challenging. A range of investigations targeting specific areas of gastrointestinal transit are available, but many provide clinical data for a given gastrointestinal region alone or for non-specific whole gut transit, and are otherwise of limited use. Video capsule endoscopy allows endoscopic visualisation of the entire gastrointestinal tract, and may also provide more specific data for regional transit time abnormalities. Patients and methods Data from video capsules ingested by 71 ambulatory healthy subjects were recorded and analyzed to determine gastric and small bowel transit times in the fasting state. Results Median, and interquartile range (IQR), gastric transit time was 22 (10–48) minutes, and median (IQR) small bowel transit time was 198.5 (157–240.5) minutes. Conclusion These data, for the first time to our knowledge, provide references for gastrointestinal transit times among healthy ambulatory subjects using video capsule endoscopy. This potentially strengthens clinical use of video capsule endoscopy in the investigation of patients with suspected gastrointestinal motility disorders.

scholarly journals Effects of Cisapride, Buprenorphine, and Their Combination on Gastrointestinal Transit in New Zealand White Rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Erica R Feldman ◽  
Bhupinder Singh ◽  
Noah G Mishkin ◽  
Erica R Lachenauer ◽  
Manuel Martin-Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Fecal Output ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Food And Water Intake ◽  
Gi Transit

Due to their effective analgesic properties, opioids are worthy of consideration for pain management in rabbits. However, this class of drugs causes undesirable effects including reduced gastrointestinal (GI) motility, reduced fecal output, and delays GI transit times and thus increases the risk of GI stasis. The risk of stasis discourages the use of opioids in rabbits, which could affect animal welfare. Gastroprokinetic agents such as cisapride are effective in promoting gastric emptying in many species, but whether this effect occurs in rabbits is unknown. This study assessed the efficacy of cisapride when administered as a single agent and in combination with buprenorphine in rabbits; efficacy was assessed by measuring GI transit times, fecal output, body weight, and food and water intake. Female New Zealand White rabbits (n = 10) were studied in a crossover, randomized design and received either vehicle and buprenorphine, cisapride and saline, cisapride and buprenorphine, or vehicle and saline (control) every 8 h for 2 d. Rabbits were anesthetized and administered radio-opaque, barium-filled spheres via orogastric tube. Feces was assessed via radiography for detection of the barium-spheres to determine GI transit time. GI transit time was significantly longer in buprenorphine groups than in control groups, regardless of the use of cisapride. Fecal output and food and water intake were lower for buprenorphine groups than control groups. Cisapride did not significantly alter GI transit, fecal output, or food and water intake. In addition, treatment group did not significantly affect body weight. In conclusion, buprenorphine treatment (0.03 mg/kg TID) prolonged GI transit time and reduced fecal output and food and water consumption in rabbits. Coadministration of buprenorphine and cisapride (0.5 mg/kg) did not ameliorate these effects, and the administration of cisapride at this dose did not appear to affect GI motility in female rabbits.

Effect of Saline Cathartics on Gastrointestinal Transit Time of Activated Charcoal

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.E. Orisakwe ◽  
E. Ogbonna
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Abdominal Discomfort ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit Time ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Salt Phase

The effects of saline cathartics on the gastrointestinal transit time of activated charcoal were investigated in six healthy volunteers. The study shows that the mean gastrointestinal transit times of charcoal alone were 29.3 h and 24.4, 15.4, 17.3 and 17.5 h with sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, magnesium sulphate alone and Andrew's Liver Salt respectively. Some volunteers complained of slight abdominal discomfort in all the phases except the Andrew's Liver Salt phase.

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