Evaluation of gastrointestinal transit times and pH in healthy cats using a continuous pH monitoring system

Objectives The aim of this study was to characterize gastrointestinal (GI) transit times and pH in healthy cats. Methods GI transit times and pH were measured in six healthy, colony-housed, purpose-bred spayed female cats using a continuous, non-invasive pH monitoring system in a sequential order design. For the first period (‘pre-feeding’), food was withheld for 20 h, followed by oral administration of a pH capsule. Five hours post-capsule administration, cats were meal-fed by offering them their daily allowance of food for 1 h. For the second period (‘post-feeding’), food was withheld for 24 h and cats were fed for 1 h, after which a pH capsule was orally administered. Studies in both periods were repeated three times. GI transit times and pH were compared between the two periods. Results The median transit times for the pre- and post-feeding periods, respectively, were: gastric –94 mins (range 1–4101) and 1068 mins (range 484–5521); intestinal –1350 mins (range 929–2961) and 1534 mins (range 442–2538); and GI –1732 mins (range 1105–5451) and 2795 mins (range 926–6563). The median GI pH values for the first and second periods, respectively, were: esophageal –7.0 (range 3.5–7.8) and 4.5 (range 2.9–6.4); gastric –2.7 (range 1.7–6.2) and 2.0 (range 1.1–3.3); intestinal –8.2 (range 7.6–8.7) and 7.8 (range 6.7–8.5); first-hour small intestinal –8.2 (range 7.4–8.7) and 8.3 (range 7.9–8.6); and last-hour large intestinal –8.5 (range 7.0–8.9) and 7.8 (range 6.3–8.7). Gastric ( P <0.0020) and intestinal pH ( P <0.0059) were significantly increased in the pre-feeding period compared with the post-feeding period. Conclusions and relevance Gastric and intestinal pH differed significantly when the capsule was administered 5 h prior to feeding compared with 1 h after feeding. Transit times for both periods showed high degrees of intra- and inter-individual variability.

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Assessment of the Variation Associated with Repeated Measurement of Gastrointestinal Transit Times and Assessment of the Effect of Oral Ranitidine on Gastrointestinal Transit Times Using a Wireless Motility Capsule System in Dogs

Veterinary Medicine International ◽

10.1155/2012/938417 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jonathan A. Lidbury ◽

Jan S. Suchodolski ◽

Renata Ivanek ◽

Jörg M. Steiner

Keyword(s):

Transit Time ◽

Gastrointestinal Transit ◽

Repeated Measurement ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Transit Times ◽

Coefficients Of Variation ◽

Wireless Motility Capsule ◽

Gastric Emptying Time ◽

Gi Transit ◽

Privately Owned

This study aimed to evaluate the variation associated with repeated measurement of gastrointestinal (GI) transit times and the effect of oral ranitidine on GI transit times in healthy dogs using a wireless motility capsule (WMC) system. Eight privately owned healthy adult dogs were enrolled, and one developed diarrhea and was removed from the study. For the first 3 repetitions, each dog was fed a standard meal followed by oral administration of a WMC. For the 4th repetition, each dog was given ranitidine hydrochloride (75 mg PO every 12 hours) prior to and during assessment of GI transit times. Mean between-subject coefficients of variation for gastric emptying time (GET), small and large bowel transit time (SLBTT), and total transit time (TTT) were 26.9%, 32.3%, and 19.6%, respectively. Mean within-subject coefficients of variation for GET, SLBTT, and TTT were 9.3%, 19.6%, and 15.9%, respectively. Median GET, SLBTT, and TTT without ranitidine were 719, 1,636, and 2,735 minutes, respectively. Median GET, SLBTT, and TTT with ranitidine were 757, 1,227, and 2,083 minutes, respectively. No significant differences in GI transit times were found between any of the 4 repetitions. Under these experimental conditions, no significant effects of oral ranitidine on GI transit times were observed.

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The impact of opioid treatment on regional gastrointestinal transit

Scandinavian Journal of Pain ◽

10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.05.029 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 126

Author(s):

D. Jørgensen ◽

J.L. Poulsen ◽

A.E. Olesen ◽

C. Brock ◽

T.H. Sandberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transit Time ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Gastrointestinal Transit ◽

Transit System ◽

Opioid Treatment ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale ◽

Transit Times ◽

Gi Symptoms ◽

Gi Transit ◽

The Impact

AbstractAimsTo employ a human experimental model of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction (OIBD) in healthy volunteers, and evaluate the impact of opioid treatment compared to placebo on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and motility, assessed by questionnaires and regional GI transit times.MethodsTwenty-five healthy males were randomly assigned to oxycodone or placebo for five days in a double-blind, crossover design. Adverse GI effects were measured with bowel function index, gastrointestinal symptom rating scale, patient assessment of constipation symptoms questionnaire, and bristol stool form scale. Regional GI transit times were determined using the 3D-Transit system and segmental colonic transit times were determined using a custom Matlab® graphical user interface.ResultsGI symptom scores increased significantly across all applied questionnaires during opioid treatment. Oxycodone increased median total GI transit time from 22.2 to 43.9 h (P< 0.01), segmental transit times in the cecum and ascending colon from 5.7 to 9.9 h (P<0.05), rectosigmoid transit time from 2.7 to 9.0 h (P<0.05), and colorectal transit time from 18.6 to 38.6 h (P<0.01). No association between questionnaire scores and segmental transit times were detected.ConclusionsSelf-assessed adverse GI effects and increased GI transit times in different segments were induced during oxycodone treatment. This detailed information about segmental changes in motility has great potential for future interventional head-to-head trials of different laxative regimes for prevention and treatment of OIBD.

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Analysis of embryo culture media pH changes during incubator use and media evaporation under oil using a continuous pH monitoring system

Fertility and Sterility ◽

10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.997 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 104 (3) ◽

pp. e318-e319 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S. Olds ◽

K. Stemm ◽

K. Wachter ◽

K. Wiemer

Keyword(s):

Monitoring System ◽

Embryo Culture ◽

Culture Media ◽

Ph Monitoring ◽

Ph Changes ◽

Continuous Ph Monitoring

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INVESTIGATION OF HAND KINEMATICS TOWARDS FRONT CRAWL SWIMMING USING NON-INVASIVE REAL-TIME MONITORING SYSTEM

10.15282/mohe.2014.ses.068 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Rozaimi Ghazali ◽

◽

Asiah Mohd Pilus ◽

Wan Mohd Bukhari Wan Daud ◽

Mohd Juzaila Abd Latif ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Monitoring System ◽

Real Time Monitoring ◽

Front Crawl ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Hand Kinematics

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The role of microRNAs in gliomas – Therapeutic implications

Current Molecular Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1874467213666200730115837 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

Author(s):

Theodora Katsila ◽

Dimitrios Kardamakis

Keyword(s):

Complex Disease ◽

Malignant Gliomas ◽

Kappa Statistic ◽

Individual Variability ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Disease Phenotype ◽

Therapeutic Implications ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Gene Environment ◽

Sas Macro

Background: Malignant gliomas constitute a complex disease phenotype that demands optimum decisionmaking. Despite being the most common type of primary brain tumors, gliomas are highly heterogeneous when their pathophysiology and response to treatment are considered. Such inter-individual variability also renders differential and early diagnosis extremely difficult. Recent evidence highlight that the gene-environment interplay becomes of fundamental importance in oncogenesis and progression of gliomas. Objective: To unmask key features of the gliomas disease phenotype and map the inter-individual variability of patients, we explore genotype-to-phenotype associations. Emphasis is put on microRNAs as they regulate gene expression, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of gliomas and may serve as theranostics, empowering non-invasive strategies (circulating free or in exosomes). Method: We mined text and omic datasets (as of 2019) and conducted a mixed-method content analysis. A novel framework was developed to meet the aims of our analysis, interrogating data in terms of content and context. We relied on literature data from PubMed/Medline and Scopus, as they are considered the largest abstract and citation databases of peer-reviewed literature. To avoid selection biases, both publicly available and private texts have been assessed. Both percent agreement and Cohen's kappa statistic have been calculated to avoid biases by SAS macro MAGREE with multicategorical ratings. Results: Gliomas serve as a paradigm for multifaceted datasets, despite data sparsity and scarcity. miRNAs and miRNAbased therapeutics are ready for prime time. Exosomal miRNAs empower non-invasive strategies, surpassing circulating free miRNAs, when accuracy and precision are considered. Conclusion: miRNAs holds promise as theranostics.

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An easy and low-cost biomagnetic methodology to study regional gastrointestinal transit in rats

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik ◽

10.1515/bmt-2020-0202 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Leonardo Pinto ◽

Guilherme Soares ◽

André Próspero ◽

Erick Stoppa ◽

Gabriel Biasotti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Gastrointestinal Transit ◽

Alternate Current ◽

Phenol Red ◽

Distal Small Intestine ◽

Reliable Assessment ◽

Imaging Approach ◽

Magnetic Tracer ◽

Tracer Distribution ◽

Gi Transit

Abstract The identification of gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders requires the evaluation of regional GI transit, and the development of alternative methodologies in animals has a significant impact on translational approaches. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to validate an easy and low-cost methodology (alternate current biosusceptometry – ACB) for the assessment of regional GI transit in rats through images. Rats were fed a test meal containing magnetic tracer and phenol red, and GI segments (stomach, proximal, medial and distal small intestine, and cecum) were collected to assess tracer’s retention at distinct times after ingestion (0, 60, 120, 240, and 360 min). Images were obtained by scanning the segments, and phenol red concentration was determined by the sample’s absorbance. The temporal retention profile, geometric center, gastric emptying, and cecum arrival were evaluated. The correlation coefficient between methods was 0.802, and the temporal retention of each segment was successfully assessed. GI parameters yielded comparable results between methods, and ACB images presented advantages as the possibility to visualize intrasegmental tracer distribution and the automated scan of the segments. The imaging approach provided a reliable assessment of several parameters simultaneously and may serve as an accurate and sensitive approach for regional GI research in rats.

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Methodology: non-invasive monitoring system based on standing wave ratio for detecting water content variations in plants

Plant Methods ◽

10.1186/s13007-021-00757-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yunjeong Yang ◽

Ji Eun Kim ◽

Hak Jin Song ◽

Eun Bin Lee ◽

Yong-Keun Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Monitoring System ◽

Standing Wave ◽

Magnetic Particles ◽

Experimental Plant ◽

Invasive Monitoring ◽

Monitoring Method ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Content Variation ◽

Stem Water

Abstract Background Water content variation during plant growth is one of the most important monitoring parameters in plant studies. Conventional parameters (such as dry weight) are unreliable; thus, the development of rapid, accurate methods that will allow the monitoring of water content variation in live plants is necessary. In this study, we aimed to develop a non-invasive, radiofrequency-based monitoring system to rapidly and accurately detect water content variation in live plants. The changes in standing wave ratio (SWR) caused by the presence of stem water and magnetic particles in the stem water flow were used as the basis of plant monitoring systems. Results The SWR of a coil probe was used to develop a non-invasive monitoring system to detect water content variation in live plants. When water was added to the live experimental plants with or without illumination under drought conditions, noticeable SWR changes at various frequencies were observed. When a fixed frequency (1.611 GHz) was applied to a single experimental plant (Radermachera sinica), a more comprehensive monitoring, such as water content variation within the plant and the effect of illumination on water content, was achieved. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that the SWR of a coil probe could be used as a real-time, non-invasive, non-destructive parameter for detecting water content variation and practical vital activity in live plants. Our non-invasive monitoring method based on SWR may also be applied to various plant studies.

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