scholarly journals Exploring the Effects of Different Walking Strategies on Bi-Directional Pedestrian Flow

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Lu ◽  
Gang Ren ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Chen Yu ◽  
Chenzi Ding
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Critical Density ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Different Characteristics

Three types of different walking behaviors (right preference, conformity, and space priority) are taken into account to model bi-directional pedestrian flow in the channel with cellular-automata formulation. The fundamental diagrams ofR-pedestrian flow,C-pedestrian flow, andS-pedestrian flow are obtained from the simulation result to analyze the effect of these behaviors on bi-direction flow. TheC-pedestrian flow has the minimum critical density andR-pedestrian flow has the highest, while theS-pedestrian flow has higher average-speed than other two types of pedestrian flow under the same density. Further, through the study of pedestrian distribution in the channel and the proportion of pedestrians not able to move to the front cell, reasons leading to different characteristics of these three types of pedestrian flow are analyzed. Moreover, the simulation experiment based on BehaviorSearch is designed to explore the optimal percentages ofR-pedestrian,C-pedestrian, andS-pedestrian in pedestrian flow. The result of the experiment shows that the condition that makes the highest average speed of pedestrian flow is not that pedestrian flow consists of purely one type of pedestrians, but pedestrian flow mixed withS-pedestrians as majority andC-pedestrians andR-pedestrians as minority.

scholarly journals Fairness analysis of TCP variants in asymmetric network

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.12) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Sukantkishoro Bisoy ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Mallick ◽  
Anjana Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Queue Management ◽  
Random Early Detection ◽  
Fair Share ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Tcp Vegas ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Reverse Path ◽  
Tcp Reno ◽  
Fairness Analysis

Conservative nature of Vegas creates less opportunity to get fair share of bandwidth then Reno in wired network. On the other hand, aggressive nature of Reno helps to achieve more share of bandwidth. Both Reno and Vegas assumes that congestion occurs in the forward rather than in reverse path. In asymmetric network the path characteristics of forward and backward is different.In this work, we propose a network model and analyzed the Inter-protocol fairness between TCP Reno and TCP Vegas with some queue management techniques such as Droptail and random early detection (RED) in asymmetric network where the forward and backward path has different characteristics. The simulation experiment results using NS2 indicates that use of RED can achieve better fairness than Droptail in asymmetric network.  

scholarly journals Special Behaviors in One Pedestrian Flow Experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Junlan Chen ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Jinlian Wu
Keyword(s):  
Critical Phenomena ◽  
Critical Density ◽  
Maximum Density ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Flow Experiment ◽  
Experimental Video ◽  
Type 3

<p><em>We organize one pedestrian flow experiment with 278 participants, and the maximum density reaches 9 ped/(m^2). The experiment is filmed by one UAV, and in the experimental video, we find some interesting behaviors. Five types of these behaviors are classified and introduced: 1</em><em>)</em><em> oppression near the boundaries; 2</em><em>)</em><em> impact on the boundaries; 3</em><em>)</em><em> special moves; 4</em><em>)</em><em> absentmindedness; 5</em><em>)</em><em> other events. The numbers of Type 1 and 2 behaviors can be counted, while the frequencies of Type 3 and 4 behaviors can be roughly estimated. At one critical density, the results of Type 1, 2, 3, 4 behaviors qualitatively change. This value is about 7~8 ped/(m^2), which indicates the possible existence of critical phenomena in pedestrian flow.</em></p>

Simulating pedestrian flow by an improved two-process cellular automaton model

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (02) ◽  
pp. 1750016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Jie Jin ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Rui Jiang ◽  
Li-Yun Dong
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Critical Density ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Cellular Automaton Model ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Flow Density ◽  
Open Boundary Conditions ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Exchange Rule ◽  
Lane Formation

In this paper, we study the pedestrian flow with an Improved Two-Process (ITP) cellular automaton model, which is originally proposed by Blue and Adler. Simulations of pedestrian counterflow have been conducted, under both periodic and open boundary conditions. The lane formation phenomenon has been reproduced without using the place exchange rule. We also present and discuss the flow-density and velocity-density relationships of both uni-directional flow and counterflow. By the comparison with the Blue-Adler model, we find the ITP model has higher values of maximum flow, critical density and completely jammed density under different conditions.

Study on bi-direction pedestrian flow using cellular automata simulation

2010 ◽  
Vol 389 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Yue ◽  
Hongzhi Guan ◽  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Chunfu Shao
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Pedestrian Flow

scholarly journals Potential field cellular automata model for pedestrian flow

2012 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Xia Jian ◽  
S. C. Wong ◽  
Keechoo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Cellular Automata Model

scholarly journals Evacuation simulation of different flow ratios in low-density state

Open Physics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Haitao Lian ◽  
Yike Hu ◽  
R.D. Rohmat Saedudin
Keyword(s):  
Critical Density ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Density Region ◽  
Density State ◽  
Random Deviation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Flow

Abstract The relationship between the factors of formation mechanism of stratification and the pedestrian ratio in low-density state has not been analyzed by the existing human flow evacuation simulation method, so that the simulation effect is poor. Thus, the evacuation simulation method for different flow ratios in low-density state is proposed to analyze the walking characteristics of the opposite pedestrians. On the basis of the random deviation grid gas model, the view field of pedestrian is introduced as one parameter. Considering the preference characteristics of pedestrians for the movement of open areas within the view field, the improved random deviation grid gas model is constructed. Through the model, the stratification characteristics of the opposite pedestrian flow in the simple channel scene are simulated. The results show that the proposed method can reproduce the characteristics of non-layering phenomenon of opposite pedestrian flow in low-density state. According to the probability of layer formation, the density of the opposite pedestrian flow is divided into five intervals. The opposite pedestrian flow in the critical density region is metastable, and is susceptible to interference. These results are consistent with the dynamic evolution of the actual opposite pedestrian flow.

Potential field cellular automata model for overcrowded pedestrian flow

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Yang Li ◽  
Hua-Yu Deng ◽  
Zhi-Yang Lin ◽  
Xiao-Ning Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Cellular Automata Model

Optimization driven cellular automata for traffic flow prediction at signalized intersections

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1547-1566
Author(s):  
Shuang You ◽  
Yaping Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Traffic Flow Prediction ◽  
Flow Prediction ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Signalised Intersection

The traffic flow prediction using cellular automata (CA) is a trendy research domain that identified the potential of CA in modelling the traffic flow. CA is a technique, which utilizes the basic units for describing the overall behaviour of complicated systems. The CA model poses a benefit for defining the characteristics of traffic flow. This paper proposes a modified CA model to reveal the prediction of traffic flows at the signalised intersection. Based on the CA model, the traffic density and the average speed are computed for studying the characteristics and spatial evolution of traffic flow in signalised intersection. Moreover, a CA model with a self-organizing traffic signal system is devised by proposing a new optimization model for controlling the traffic rules. The Sunflower Cat Optimization (SCO) algorithm is employed for efficiently predicting traffic. The SCO is designed by integrating the Sunflower optimization algorithm (SFO) and Cat swarm optimization (CSO) algorithm. Also, the fitness function is devised, which helps to guide the control rules evaluated by traffic simulation using the CA model. Thus, the cellular automaton is optimized using the SCO algorithm for predicting the traffic flows. The proposed Sunflower Cat Optimization-based cellular automata (SCO-CA) outperformed other methods with minimal travel time, distance, average traffic density, and maximal average speed.

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