scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Five 1,4-Dihydropyridine Drugs Using N-Bromosuccinimide and Indigo Carmine Dye

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. El Hamd ◽  
Sayed M. Derayea ◽  
Osama H. Abdelmageed ◽  
Hassan F. Askal
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Indigo Carmine ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Variance Ratio ◽  
Statistical Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Beer’S Law ◽  
Indigo Carmine Dye

Indirect spectrophotometric method is described for quantification of five of 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) drugs using N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) with the aid of indigo carmine (INC) dye. The method is based on addition of known excess of NBS to an acidified solution of 1,4-DHP drugs and determining the residual of NBS through its ability to bleach the colour of the used dye; the amount of NBS that reacted corresponded to the amount of drugs. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range 1.25–13.00 μg/mL. Good correlation coefficients (0.998-0.999) were found between the absorbance values and the corresponding concentrations. Limits of detections ranged from 0.141 to 0.500 μg/mL. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of dosage forms; percent of recoveries ranged from 97.31 to 99.46% without interference from any common excipients. The statistical comparison by Student’s t-test and variance ratio F-test showed no significant difference between the proposed and official or reported methods.

scholarly journals Spectrum subtraction method for simultaneous determination of acetaminophen and caffeine in panadol extra dosage forms

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Mohammed Sebaiy ◽  
Amr Abd El-Hakeem Mattar
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulation ◽  
Subtraction Method ◽  
Statistical Comparison ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Ich Guidelines

A simple, specific, accurate and precise spectrophotometric method was established for simultaneous determination of acetaminophen and caffeine in pure form and in their pharmaceutical formulation commercially known as Panadol Extra®. Spectrum subtraction has been used in simultaneous determination of both drugs without prior separation. Spectrum subtraction method parameters were validated according to ICH guidelines in which accuracy, precision, repeatability and robustness were found in accepted limits (98-102%). The linearity range was 7.5-45 µg/mL for caffeine and 4-22 µg/mL for acetaminophen with correlation coefficients ≥0.9990 for both drugs. Advantages and disadvantages of spectrum subtraction were discussed and statistical comparison between the proposed method and the reference one was performed.

SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION AND VALIDATION OF RAMIPRIL AND TELMISARTAN BY UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (09) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
R Rambabu ◽  
◽  
S Vidyadhara ◽  
J Subbarao
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Intermediate Precision ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method

A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of ramipril and telmisartan in pharmaceutical dosage forms has been developed. The absorption maxima were found at 220nm for ramipril and 297nm for telmisartan using 0.1N NaOH as solvent. Beer’s law was obeyed for both the drugs in the concentration range of 2-10μg/ml with correlation coefficients 0.999 for both ramipril and telmisartan. The limits of detection for ramipril and telmisartan were found to be 0.142 and 0.405μg/mL respectively and the limits of quantitation were 0.43 and 1.22μg/mL. Accuracy of the method was verified by performing recovery studies using simultaneous equation method and found to be 98.33 to 99.54%w/w for ramipril and 99.36 to 99.82 %w/w for telmisartan. %RSD of repeatability and intermediate precision studies were found to be <2 for both the drugs. Ruggedness of the method was checked by changing analyst worked and instrument used. In both the cases, the %RSD was found to be less than 2.

scholarly journals Determination of Two Antibacterial Binary Mixtures by Chemometrics-Assisted Spectrophotometry

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd El-Maaboud I Mohamed ◽  
Osama H Abdelmageed ◽  
Ibrahim H Refaat
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
Beer's Law ◽  
Beer’S Law

Abstract Simple chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometric methods are described for determination of 2 antibacterial binary mixtures. The mixtures are composed of norfloxacin in combination with tinidazole and erythromycin (as ethylsuccinate ester or stearate salt) in combination with trimethoprim. The normal UV absorption spectra of each pair of drugs in the studied mixtures, in the range of 200-400 nm, showed a considerable degree of spectral overlapping: 77.5% for the norfloxacintinidazole mixture and 84.3% for the erythromycintrimethoprim mixture. Resolution of the norfloxacintinidazole mixture and trimethoprim in the presence of erythromycin was accomplished successfully by using zero-crossing first derivative (1D), classical least-squares (CLS) regression analysis, and principal component regression (PCR) analysis methods. In addition, an alternative simple and accurate colorimetric method was developed for the determination of erythromycin in the presence of trimethoprim using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. All variables affecting the development of the colored chromogen were studied and optimized, and the product was measured at 526-529 and 538-542 nm for erythromycin stearate and erythromycin ethylsuccinate, respectively. For zero-crossing, first derivative technique Beer’s law was obeyed in the general concentration range of 250 μg/mL for norfloxacin, tinidazole, and trimethoprim with good correlation coefficients (0.9994-0.9996). Overall limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.59 to 2.81 and 1.96 to 9.33 μg/mL, respectively. The obtained results from CLS and PCR were compared with those obtained from a 1D spectrophotometric method. With the exception of erythromycin, overall recoveries in the average range of 97.33-103.0% were obtained with a considerable degree of accuracy when the suggested methods were applied to analysis of synthetic binary mixtures, some commercial dosage forms such as tablets and oral suspension without interference from the commonly encountered excipients and additives. For the colorimetric method, Beer's law was obeyed in the general concentration range of 7.21-28.84 μg/mL erythromycin with good correlation coefficients (0.9980-0.9996). Overall LOD and LOQ ranged from 0.73 to 1.65 and 2.43-5.49 μg/mL, respectively. Erythromycin derivatives were determined in the commercial dosage form, without interference from trimethoprim-encountered excipients and additives. The obtained results, with both chemometric and colorimetric methods, have been compared with those obtained from reported methods, and proper F- and t-values were observed, indicating no significant difference between the results of the suggested methods and reported method(s). The good percentage recoveries and proper statistical data obtained proved the efficiency of the proposed procedures for the determination of the studied drugs in their binary mixtures as well as in the commercial dosage forms with quite satisfactory precision.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric determination ofβ-blocker drugs by oxidation with bromate–bromide mixture and its analytical application to pharmaceutical preparations

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 303-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram M. El-Didamony ◽  
Eman A. H. Erfan
Keyword(s):  
Indigo Carmine ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Statistical Comparison ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

Three visible spectrophotometric methods (A–C) were developed for the analysis of someβ-blocker drugs, namely atenolol (ATE) and timolol (TIM) based on their reactivity with bromine, generated in situ by the action of hydrochloric acid on bromate–bromide mixture. The determination of residual bromine is based on its ability to bleach the indigo carmine dye and measuring the absorbance at 610 nm (method A). Methods B and C involve treating the unreacted bromine with a measured excess of iron (II), the remaining iron (II) is complexed with 1,10-phenanthroline (method B) or with 2,2'-bipyridyl (method C) and measuring the increase in absorbance at 510 and 522 nm, respectively. In all the methods, the amount of bromine reacted corresponding to the drug content. Regression analysis of Beer's plot showed good correlation in the concentration ranges of 0.4–16.4, 0.8–10.4 and 0.4–12.8 µg/ml using methods A–C, respectively, for ATE and 14–38, 12–32 and 14–38 µg/ml using methods A–C, respectively, for TIM. The optimum reaction conditions and other analytical parameters are evaluated. No interference was observed from the additives and the applicability of the methods was tested by analyzing the pharmaceutical preparations containing the investigated drugs. Statistical comparison of the results with those of official methods shows excellent agreement and indicates no significant difference in precision.

scholarly journals Development and application of spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of Metronidazole in pure and tablet formulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeeshan Masood ◽  
Muhammad Tayyab Ansari ◽  
Sharjeel Adnan ◽  
Muhammad Asad ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Nitrite Ion ◽  
Colored Complex ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Significant Difference

A rapid, simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of metronidazole in pharmaceutical pure and dosage forms. The method depends on alkaline hydrolysis of metronidazole releases the nitro group as nitrite ion and yielded nitrite ions can be used to give a colored complex that absorbs maximally at 505 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration ranges 9-100 mg/ml with molar absorptivity of 1.14 ×103 L mole-1 cm-1. The proposed method is precise, accurate and specific for the quantitative determination of drug in bulk and dosage forms. The results of analysis of commercial formulations and the recovery study of metronidazole suggested that there is no interference from any excipients, which are present in pharmaceutical formulations of metronidazole. Statistical comparison of the results was performed with regard to accuracy and precision using student’s t-test and F-ratio at 95% confidence level. There is no significant difference between the reported and proposed methods with regard to accuracy and precision.

scholarly journals Isoabsorptive Point Method for Simultaneous Determination of Paracetamol and Orphenadrine Citrate in Their Combined Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Mohammed Mohammed Sebaay ◽  
Amr A. Mattar ◽  
Mahmoud Mohammed Mohammed Sebaay
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulation ◽  
Point Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Statistical Comparison ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Ich Guidelines

A simple, specific, accurate and precise spectrophotometric method was settled for simultaneous determination of paracetamol and orphenadrine citrate in their pure form and in their pharmaceutical formulation. Isoabsorptive point technique has been used in simultaneous determination of both drugs without prior separation. Isoabsorptive point method parameters were validated according to ICH guidelines in which accuracy, precision, repeatability and robustness were found in accepted limits. Advantages and disadvantages of Isoabsorptive point were discussed and statistical comparison between the proposed method and the reference one was also performed.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Investigations of the Assay of Physiologically Active Catecholamines in Pharmaceutical Formulations

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1288-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basavaraj S Nagaralli ◽  
Jaldappa Seetharamappa ◽  
Mahaveer B Melwanki ◽  
Kunabevu C Ramesh ◽  
Jathi Keshavayya
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Dopamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Beer’S Law ◽  
The Common

Abstract Two simple, sensitive, and accurate spectrophotometric methods are proposed for the determination of levodopa (LD), methyldopa (MD), dopamine hydrochloride (DP), and pyrocatechol (PC) in pure and pharmaceutical preparations. The methods are based on measurement of the absorbances of tris( o-phenanthroline)iron(II) (method A) and tris(bipyridyl)iron(II) (method B) obtained by the oxidation of the catecholamines by iron(III) in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2′-bipyridyl at 510 and 522 nm, respectively. The absorbances were found to increase linearly with increases in the concentrations of the catecholamines, results which were corroborated by the calculated correlation coefficients (0.9990–0.9996). Beer's law was valid over the concentration ranges of 0.04–0.6, 0.06–0.75, 0.06–0.65, and 0.05–0.70 μg/mL in method A and 0.02–1.0, 0.04–1.3, 0.05–1.0, and 0.06–1.1 μg/mL in method B for PC, MD, LD, and DP, respectively. The common excipients and additives did not interfere in their determinations. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the assay of LD, MD, and DP in various dosage forms. The results were validated by statistical analysis.

scholarly journals VALIDATED SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD TO DETERMINE VARDENAFIL AND SILDENAFIL IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMS USING POTASSIUM IODIDE AND POTASSIUM IODATE

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Alhaj Sakur ◽  
Shaza Affas
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Iodide ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Beer's Law ◽  
Beer’S Law ◽  
Good Agreement

Objective: To develop and validate simple, sensitive, precise and free of organic solvents method for the determination of sildenafil (SIL) and vardenafil (VAR) in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation.Methods: The method is based on the reaction of studied drugs with a mixture of potassium iodide and potassium iodate in an aqueous medium at (25±2 °C) to form yellow coloured triiodide ions (I3-) within 45 min. The reaction is followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbance at 288, 351 nm and 285, 351 nm for sildenafil and vardenafil respectively.Results: The effects of analytical parameters on the reported systems were investigated. Beer's law of SIL was obeyed in the range of (0.4-12) μg ml-1and (0.6-16) μg ml-1. Molar absorptivity was found to be (67.659 ×103) lmol/cmand (37.955×103) lmol/cm at 288 nm, 351 nm respectively. Beer's law of VAR was obeyed in the range of (0.2-13) μg/mland (0.5-40) μg/ml. Moreover, molar absorptivity’s were found to be (68.719 ×103) l mol-1 cm-1and (26.691×103) l mol-1 cm-1 at 285 nm, 351 nm respectively.Conclusion: The proposed method has been applied to determine the components in dosage forms with an average recovery of 98.15% to 103.45% and the results have been found in good agreement with those results obtained by the reference methods.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Vildagliptin and Linagliptin in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujan Banik ◽  
Palash Karmakar ◽  
Md Anowar Hossain Miah
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Allowable Limit ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Tablet Dosage

The present study was undertaken to develop a spectrophotometric method for determination of vildagliptin and Linagliptin in pharmaceutical dosage forms. This paper describes a simple, rapid, accurate and precise UVspectrophotometric method for the assay of vildagliptin and linagliptin in bulk and marketed tablet dosage forms. The validation of the developed method was carried out according to ICH guidelines with respect to linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity, limit of detection and limit of quantification. Calibration curves were obtained in the concentration range of 8-32 ?g/ml for vildagliptin and 5-25 ?g/ml for linagliptin with good correlation coefficients (r=0.999). The precisions of the new method for both drugs were less than the maximum allowable limit (%RSD < 2.0) specified by the USP, ICH and FDA. Therefore, the method was found to be an accurate, reproducible and sensitive for analysis of vildagliptin and linagliptin in pharmaceutical dosage forms.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 18(2): 163-168, 2015

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Macrolide Antibiotics by Using 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama H Abdelmageed
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Macrolide Antibiotics ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Mechanism Of The Reaction

Abstract A simple, novel, sensitive, and specific spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the determination of azithromycin (AZ), clarithromycin (CLA), and roxithromycin (ROX) in bulk powders and their dosage forms. The proposed method was based on the interaction of any of the cited drugs with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine in the presence of an acid catalyst, followed by treatment with a methanolic solution of potassium hydroxide; an intensely colored chromogen was formed that was measured in dimethylformamide, as the diluting solvent, at 542−545, 523−526, and 539−542 nm for AZ, CLA, and ROX, respectively. All variables affecting the development of the measured chromogens were studied and optimized. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration ranges of 540, 535, and 535 μg/mL for AZ, CLA, and ROX, respectively, with good correlation coefficients (0.99910−9999). The limits of detection for this method ranged from 0.77 to 1.47 μg/mL, and the relative standard deviations were 1.24−1.8%. The proposed method was applied successfully to the determination of the 3 drugs in pure bulk form, tablets, and suspensions without interference from commonly encountered additives. The results compared favorably with those of a previously reported method. The mechanism of the reaction was also studied.

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